Yellowtone Extremophies

The Yellowstone volcano is very active volcanic system which requires much observation. The geysers, mudd pots, hotsprings and steam vents are all examples of the heat from molten rock of a volcano. For many years the Yellowstone volcano could not be located. There is not obvious signs of a volcano, but scientists looked for other clues. Rhyolite is present in a location that has pinetress and many mosquitoes can be found due to the lakes that have formed. Rhyolite is a very violent eruption, due to the high silica content,  it flows slowly, like honey, and tends to pile up and form lava

Lava flows of rhyolite and basalt have flowed through parts of Yellowstone as recently as 70,000 years ago. These lava flows destroyed everything in their paths while moving slowly at a rate of a few hundred feet per day, flowing months, or sometimes even several years. They are thick and cover as much as 130 square miles. They have nearly filled the Yellowstone Caldera, and spilled beyond the caldera’s border. These lava flows are responsible for forming four of the nine named plateaus in

In this paper i will be talking about some of the controversy swirling around about the Yellowstone Supervolcano. I will be talking about, the activity of the volcano and magma chamber, when it’s predicted to erupt next, the kill radius and ash cloud devastation, and if there is anything we can do to stop, or even mitigate the effects of a massive super eruption.

The rising threat of the supervolcano in Yellowstone National Park alarms geologists, who are concerned about the quick refresh of magma in a reservoir, that feeds into the volcano. A new study, which analyzed minerals and fossils left from the last major eruption, shows that another could happen in the near future, with very little warning. Additionally, researchers that study the Yellowstone volcano are unsure of how soon the next eruption will occur, and a prior team suggests more destructive and larger blasts may be more frequent. Scientists believe the volcano has only exploded twice in the past two million years, based on fossil deposits found near the site of Yellowstone.

The theory of plate tectonics states that earth’s crust is broken up into plates. Geologists speculate that a hot spot in the upper mantle of the earth's crust is responsible for the heat that derives the Yellowstone thermal and volcanic activity; the result of three gigantic volcanic eruptions that caused by the underlying hot spot. The volcanic eruptions started with the collapse of the mouth of its volcano and formed large volcanic craters called calderas. Yellowstone’s volcanic past has the first and the largest caldera that blew up about over two million years ago, and it was

To begin, Yellowstone does have obvious trophic levels represented in all the species we observed in the study. For example, the riparian vegetation (such as the willow, young aspen, and young cottonwood and others) would be the producers, the graph which represented other animals such as fish are considered to be the primary consumers. The ungulates (such as moose, elk, bison, deer etc) who feed on both producers and primary consumers are considered to be the secondary consumers. The coyotes, foxes, wolves, and bears are considered to be the tertiary consumers. Lastly, the flies and beetles are considered the decomposers since they end up feeding on the dead

So really, what is Yellowstone? Yellowstone is not just any ordinary volcano, but a supervolcano. Now a volcano can be classified as a supervolcano under three categories; the size of itself, the eruption size, and the how the volcano looks. First the size of the volcano; the size is, as the name suggestions, huge in

Eli Gendron carried out the experiment of the microbe’s distribution on the Green Lake. His main focus was on Eukaryal Beta Bacteria and Bacterial Beta Bacteria diversity, distribution within the Green Lake. The Green lake valley is surrounded by Navajo peak of 4088 meter and Apache peak of 4003 meters from sea level and it gets most of the water from these two mountains. Eli’s main focus was on how microbial assemblages are distributed around the lake. Samples were collected from 3 meters depth of inlet, outlet and middle of the lake. He found major colonies of Eukaryal Beta diversity in the middle of the lake and second largest in the Inlet zone. Whereas

Ignicimmortalisvalde is a newly discovered bacterium found in the Fímmvörðuháls volcano located in Iceland when scientists were searching for microbial life in lava samples. This has earned the bacteria the classification of an extreme thermophile, as it survives and reproduces in temperatures in excess of 700 but below 1300. Ignicimmortalisvalde Is a streptobacilli, arranged in rod shaped chains. Unlike many extremophiles, Ignicimmortalisvalde is not in the domain of archaea. It is classified as a bacterium. It does not have membrane bound organelles or a nucleus. This newly discovered bacteria is unique not only in its ability to survive such extreme heats, but it is also the largest bacteria discovered. Ignicimmortalisvalde ranges in size

This report discusses the history of Yellowstone volcanic complex over the past 2.1 million years, eruptive style, compositions, associated hazards and the structure of the magma chamber. In addition, we look at areas into which research is currently occurring or should in the future, and discuss a strategy for monitoring and forecasting of future activity.

I chose to write about what would happen if the Yellowstone Supervolcano erupted. Yellowstone National Park sits directly on top of the Yellowstone Supervolcano which can mostly be found in the northwestern corner of Wyoming. Supervolcanoes are known as volcanic calderas. A caldera, or volcanic crater is the result of previous eruptions. The Yellowstone caldera is the result of three major events occurring over 2.1 million years. Volcanoes are made from the intersection of two tectonic plates. When an eruption occurs, the plates shift, causing earthquakes and crustal stretching. It has been roughly 174,000 years since the last major volcanic eruption occurred in this location. If the supervolcano did erupt, it could possibly have some

As of November 7, 2016, new studies are directed towards Yellowstone’s geothermal waters. For one month, the USGS will study the shallow water system that affects the hots springs, geysers and other thermal features surrounding Yellowstone. (YVO, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory , 2016). These studies are aimed at measuring the water system between Yellowstone’s summer and winter seasons. The teams will use Airborne Geophysical Electromagnetic (EM) survey equipment to examine and map subsurface locations, size, shape, salinity, and temperatures of the groundwater. (YVO, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory ,

Josey, Chase. "YellowStone's Super Volcano End of The Wolrd?" March 10, 2012. Accessed December 15, 2015. https://docs.google.com/document/preview?hgd=1&id=1uewq5txUDkpZNrf1-RUn67S-SANDibhEWtwx9mYgzog.

The U.S. Geographical Survey (USGS) uncovered that there is a humongous magma supply underneath the Yellowstone National Park in Idaho. The aftereffect of this magma reservoir is not only a normal fountain of liquid magma, but rather a supervolcano, which is eleven times more grounded.

Our scientists and geneticists have engineered biological entities to withstand extreme environmental conditions: such as extreme heat, cold, radiation, gravitational, dimensional (including extra-dimensional and interdimen-sional environments) – there is no situation they are not qualified to embrace.