Young Davidson Project Case Study

The process to mine the coal is quite complex. First, surveyors are called on site to document the layout of the land so that in can be restored to

The tar creek mining site originally was owned by a Native American tribe, the Quapaw. The Quapaw wanted to keep these lands, but the Bureau of Indian Affairs deemed members opposing a transaction to mining companies “incompetent” (1). In such a case the business could continue and the Bureau of Indian Affairs sold the lands to mining companies. In essence these lands were stolen from the Quapaw because they were ripe for mining. These mines were then used from approximately 1891 to 1970. In the 79 years the mines were open 1.7 million metric tons (~3.75 billion pounds) of lead and 8.8 million metric tons (~19.4 billion pounds) of zinc were withdrawn from the mine (2). The entire area around Tar Creek is known as the tri-state mining

Surface mining began to replace traditional underground mining around WWII (Bozzi 116). Rather than digging into the mountain to extract the coal, strip mining involves removing the overlying soil and rock that covers the coal deposits (Lutz 1). It seemed appealing at first because the previous known dangers of black-lung disease and cave-ins were now limited with the surface mining method (Bozzi 116). However, surface mining came with it’s own problems, a lot of them being more serious and irreversible than underground mining (Allen 182). This method of surface mining was the spark that created the trend of mountaintop removal (Bozzi 117). Mountaintop removal is the complete destruction of the mountain peak in order to reach coal

Rock suitable for the production of stone tools is fOW1don every mountain range, and in creek beds as cobbles and pebbles. Two surveys have been conducted in the area. Horned Toad Consultants conducted extensive judgemental surveys during initial impact assessment, concentrating on the grasslands of the Little Bison valley, two arbitrarily chosen tributary valleys (Cripple Creek and Silver Creek), one cirque (below Smith Peak) and the Inverness Plateau. Four site types were defined. Camp sites contain a wide range of artifact types and fire broken rock. Kill sites contain a restricted range of artifacts (mainly projectile points) and large quantities of bone. Lithic scatters are small sites with no diagnostic artifacts. Quarries have large quantities of debitage, usually associated with shallow pits dug into bedrock. The distribution of sites and diagnostic artifacts is shown in Figure 8.1. Recently R. Bootheel undertook a survey of the area using random sampling techniques. Although her M.A. thesis is still being written, she has commented on the previous survey as follows:

Donkin, a vast coal reserve that stretches for dozens of miles beneath the Atlantic Ocean, was originally dug by the now defunct Cape Breton Development Corporation (DEVCO) (Jamasmie, 2015) Kameron Collieries closer to reopen massive coal mine in Canada 's Nova Scotia.One of the first mining operations in the area was in Schooner Pond in 1863, when the Acadia Mines opened and began production from the Emery coal seam; the coal was exported by ship until trains began to take coal to the docks at Sydney in 1874. Nova Scotia Canada: Donkin Export Coking Coal Project. In 1863, the Clyde Mine opened in the area now known as Port Caledonia; all mining operations in the area ceased after the miners ' strike of 1925 after the mines closed, workers traveled to the Phalen and Lingan mines to continue working. Department of Natural Resources Call for Proposals Issued for Donkin Coal Resource Block. During the early 1980s, there was a push to develop the coal deposits extending out under the Atlantic Ocean from large audits initiated on the coast; large scale tunnel burrowing machines were used to provide access to these high quality coal fields. Department of Natural Resources Call for Proposals Issued for Donkin Coal Resource Block. Numerous consultants

In all of these rural mining towns there is not that much infrastructure due to the small populations and most residents will either be in the mining or tourism industry. This is good for mining as more of the land is able to use to mine the opals. In Coober Pedy a lot of residents live in underground homes called dugouts because of the harsh hot weather in Coober Pedy. This meant that there was no concern for the underground mines as they did not interfere with residential living space, in fact many homes were made out of old mines. There

The Avondale Colliery was opened in 1911 by the Illawarra Steam and Coal Company Limited. The Colliery mined a portion of the Tongarra and Wongawilli coal seams within the Consolidated Coal Lease (CCL) 766. Coal was transported by road to the AIS Central Washeries in Port Kembla. The mine was closed in 1982 and placed on care and maintenance due to the loss of the contract to supply coal to the Port Kembla Steelworks. Huntley Collieries Pty Ltd purchased Avondale Colliery in 1982 and sealed its entries in 1993 (Illawarra Coal URL).

The Quaternary geology encountered at the site from the Ontario Geological Survey was Whiteshell Till, Labradorean Glaciofluvial, Whylie Formation, Whitemouth Lake Till, Brenna Formation, Poplar River Formation, and Holocene Deposit. Within the clay fill, the undrained shear strengths for WMP Dam 1 and Dam 2 indicated a range from 50 kPa

Barrick Gold Corporation is the largest gold mining multinational company in the world, based in the Canadian city of Toronto .Barrick has several projects in different stages of exploration and development, counting more than 15 countries around the world among its projects.

CRH Canada (Dufferin Aggregates) is responsibly operating its Milton quarry in a way that damage to the Niagara Escarpment environment is minimized.

The above satellite images display the location and size of Kimbriki Resource Recovery Centre. Source 1 reveals the site in comparison to the surroundings regions, specifically showing that the Kimbriki is situated in the Northern Beaches region, within close proximity of Mona Vale Road and the Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park. Source 2 reveals the specific nearby geographical features in great detail. It shows that the establishment is located off Kimbriki Road and is surrounded by dense vegetation.

The Red Hill Mining Lease as shown in Figure 1 is located adjacent to the existing Goonyella Riverside and Broadmeadow (GRB) mine complex in the Bowen Basin, about 135 kilometres south-west of Mackay and 20 kilometres north of Moranbah, Queensland.

Ultimately, about 1,000,000,000 tons of material were mined from the Berkeley Pit” (Wikipedia, 2015). Therefore, the local problem of specifically finding an alternative to underground mining was solved successfully.

Dutch State Mines (DSM) was founded in 1902 as a coal mining company that developed

As the owner of these natural resources the government is accountability to improve the mineral and petroleum resources for the benefit of the State and its citizens . So, whereas the government works regulators of the development of these resources, other side the private companies had undertaken the development of Australia’s minerals and petroleum resource and thus both of them have establish cooperative relationship.