Youth Crime and Justice

Over 1/3 of the 11,000 index crime arrests were juveniles under the age of 16.

In Canada when a young person gets in trouble with the law, the punishment given will be in accordance with the Youth Criminal Justice Act. The Youth Criminal Justice Act was created in 2003. The main objective of this legislation is to hold youth accountable for their actions through the promotion of “rehabilitation” and “reintegration” (Youth Criminal Justice Act, 2002, S.3a(ii)). Within the Canadian court system, there is a youth court for individuals who get in trouble with the law while they are still under the age of 18 years. In Calgary, Alberta the youth courtrooms are located in the Calgary Courts Center building, which is located at 601 5th Street SW. I attended youth court on Wednesday, October 26, 2016 and Monday, October 31th. This paper will shed light on the atmosphere of the youth courtroom, analyze how the criminal justice professionals are acting within the courtroom, and discuss certain cases that went through the youth courts.

In Spring 2009, three offenders, all in grade eleven , set two houses is Sherwood park on fire. The youth criminal justice Act (YCJA) provided opportunities for them to reintegrate and rehabilitate, instead of throwing them in jail. YCJA covers kids between the ages twelve to seventeen years old. It 's purpose is to handle youth offenders more differently than adults because of their undeveloped minds. The YCJA was released back in 2003. By protecting the rights and providing Youth Canadians the support they need, the YCJA benefits the offenders in a positive way. The act gentrust the youth a second chance to make sure they don 't reoffend by rehabilitating and reintegrating them. Also youth over the age 14 years can get an adult sentence if necessary. Therefore, the YCJA is an effective law because it supports everyone; youth will acquire the help they need and Public Safety is insured.

There is much debate over whether or not juveniles should ever be tried as adults. Juveniles are defined as children under the age of 18. In the past, juveniles have been tried in a separate juvenile court because of their age. However, trying juveniles as adults for violent crimes is a trend that is on the rise. Age is supposed to be a deterrent for placing those under 18 on trial and giving them stiffer punishments that are often reserved for adults. Many debate whether or not juveniles really should have less severe punishments or if trying some juveniles as adults will lower juvenile crime rates.

In Canada when a young person gets in trouble with the law the punishment they will receive will be in accordance with the Youth Criminal Justice Act. The Youth Criminal Justice Act was created in 2003. The main objective of this legislation is to hold youth accountable for their actions through the promotion of “rehabilitation” and “reintegration” (Youth Criminal Justice Act, 2002, S.3). Within the Canadian court system there is a youth court for individuals who get in trouble with the law while they are still under the legal age of 18 years. In Calgary, Alberta the youth courtrooms are located at the Calgary Courts Center building with is located on 601 5th Street SW. I attended youth court on Wednesday October 26, 2016 and Monday October 31th. This paper will shed light on the atmosphere of the youth courtroom; analyze how the criminal justice professionals are acting within the courtroom, discuss certain cases that went through the youth courts.

Youth crime is the crime committed by juvenile offenders. It is the common issue in Australia. The age group between 14-19 years old is the popular group of youth crime. (News 2013) Different age groups commit different types of crimes. (The youth court 2009) Also, there are many kinds of crime and crime method in the society, such as, drug offences, robbery, burglary, assault and violent offenses. The group of people who crime together that is called criminal group. It is a prevalence crime method and it is effective for crime. This question will focus on what is youth crime, the change of youth crime in recent year and the relationship between drug offences and the youth crime in Australia.

It is very plausible that social constructs and environmental influences greatly impact the decisions and conditions of communities and the people that reside within them. All around us we can see evidence that may formulate our opinions and sway our opinions for good or bad. It is important not to forget that depictions of criminals, their habitats or way of life, can be misconstrued by media outlets and other press coverage. It is rare that the whole story told, so we must research deeper into matters and combine facts to fully comprehend the situation. In turn, this will produce the most accurate answers, or reasons behind acts committed.According to author Frank Schmalleger, "Places can be criminogenic because they have certain routine characteristics associated with them or because they provide the characteristics that facilitate crime commission." This has to be a true statement, if not partial, since history shows us that crime tends to occur in rowdy or overwhelmingly poor areas. At the same time, crime also occurs in less dangerous zones, albeit less frequently. It is my

No, incarceration is not an effective measure for response to youth crime. Due to youths’ mental immaturity, they are vulnerable to high levels of stress and anxiety, with addition of mental disorders arising from the distress. The youth had already been exposed to “abuse, family instability, involvement with child welfare, and school difficulties” (Corrado & MacAlister, 2016, p. 358) and therefore, intervention is more important than a punitive sentence. It is recommended to use alternative measures such as placing youth into family-focused and multi-focused correctional programs, which are found to more efficient than programs which are focused on the youth alone.

Working outward from Zone to Zone the areas tend to spider out into areas that have been discussed that are known for poverty, low economic conditions, residents lack education as well as skills that are not sought-after in the work place, and divergent cultural values. As we move into the more rural areas, it becomes the more expensive sought after property, belonging to the more affluent well-educated individuals in the community and the amount of crime noticeable

I will lke ro refe to the article by Anderson. In the article “Crime Prevention and the Science of Where People Are” (Martin A. Andreson & Greg W. Jenion 2008) spatial awareness shows the probability of crimes to occur and how individuals make themselves vulnerable to becoming victims of crime. According to Andreson and Jenion (2008): “the increased rates of populations leaving the relatively protective environment of the home leads to an increase in potential victims and potential offenders in time and space” (p.169). The areas where the largest amount of violent crime occur where there are a least two persons present and places of non-residential use. The more people that are around you at any point in time the more likely you are to be the

In 1992, the Inspector General of the United States issued a report entitled “Youth and Alcohol: Drinking and Crime” (1992). This report stated that a study by the Department of Justice found that in an 11-city survey from 4 to 32 percent of male juvenile arrestees admitted using alcohol in the 72 hours prior to their arrest. Also, the Inspector General’s report pointed out that 31.9 percent of youth under 18 in long-term, state-operated juvenile institutions in 1987 were under the influence of alcohol at the time of their offense. In addition, 55.4 percent admitted that they drank one or more times per week in the year before their incarceration.

In the 1920s, members of the Department of Sociology at the University of Chicago tried to identify environmental factors associated with crime. Specifically, they attempted to uncover the relationship between a neighborhood’s crime rate and the characteristics of the neighborhood.

According to the text, the societal view regarding, “juveniles are not found ‘guilty’ of committing crimes (cripe, pg. ). The term “guilty” connote criminality. Based on the English legal system, children do not have the mental capacity to commit crime, therefore are not responsible for their acts. As a result, juveniles are treated under special rules that are designed for their protection. Juveniles are processed in special court which is not open to the public. Additionally, juvenile records are sealed from the public scrutiny. In society views, juvenile are incapable to protect themselves because they are not mature enough, as a result, it is up to the government to act as their protector.

However, The Concentric Zone Model has been criticised. The theory does not explain Modern Ecology, as high-class housing tends to be near the Centre of the city and not on the outskirts (Bernard et al, 2010). One of the largest critiques is that the theory is Context specific as it cannot be applied to explain city’s other than Chicago, for instance, many new housing estates were built on the edges of cities in Britain in recent years and it’s also Historically specific as it doesn’t apply to Chicago anywhere near as much today as it did in the past. This theory was also condemned for not taking middle class crimes, such as white collar crime into account. Moreover, Park and Burgess used official data to construct their theory, yet they didn’t

In larger cities you will have a greater amount of businesses and population than you would in smaller towns. Because of that there is always going to be a greater rate in criminal activity. “This pattern has convinced some criminologist that regional cultural values influence rates; others believe that regional differences can be explained by economic differences” (Siegel, 48).