Youth Victimization

The demographics of this population are broad and broken down into the categories of “victims” and “perpetrators”, according to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Administration for Children and Families Administration on Children, Youth and Families Children’s Bureau, commonly known as the ACF (2012). The ACF reported that children in their first year of life experienced the highest rates of maltreatment, with a ratio of 24.4 per 1,000 children in that age bracket, in the United States (2012). This shows that the youngest children are the most vulnerable in the target population that CAPTA serves to protect. While children in their first year are the most vulnerable, it is also reported that children under the age of three make-up nearly 25% of the population of child maltreatment and abuse in the United States, and not only were these children more at risk of being abused, but also more at risk of fatality as a result of abuse. The ACF reported that in 2014, 71% of all child abuse and neglect fatalities were children under the age of three (2012). Age is an important factor in the demographics of mistreated children; however, there are other factors that can increase the likelihood of maltreatment, such as gender and race. Child abuse rates between boys and girls tend to be similar, yet

Whenever we talk about the subject of domestic violence, the first concern that we have is on adults who have experienced it. However, little attention has been paid to children who were exposed to domestic violence. The tragic reality of a long term effects for who have experienced domestic violence is not only to adult but their children. The younger the children is the harder for them to understand violence and coping with it. Therefore, children who witness their parents being abused are more likely to growing up thinking hurting people is a way to protect themselves or that is okay to being hurt by other. According to a study, nearly “4.8 million acts of physical or sexual aggression are perpetrated against women while 2.9 million physically

How important are social and cultural factors as predictors of youth offending? Throughout this essay, I am going to be looking at the topic of youth offending. I will be looking at what factors can be used as the predictors for youth offending and in particular I will be researching into how important social and cultural factors as predictors of youth offending. In order to do this, I will be looking at different sociologists theories as far as young offending is concerned and what evidence there is to support these theories. I will then conclude by discussing whether I believe social and cultural factors are important in determining youth offending.

Trauma experienced by adolescents is an extremely prevalent epidemic that is rarely discussed. In 2003 the National Survey of Adolescents (NSA) reported that 40% of adolescents have witnessed violence, 17% have been physically assaulted, and 8% have experienced sexual assault (Kilpatrick, Saunders, and Smith, 2003). Boney-McCoy & Finkelhor (1995) conducted a telephone survey of 2,000 adolescents (ages 10 to 16) and reported that over 40% of adolescents disclosed at least one experience of violent victimization. In another 1995 survey, 41% of 2,248 urban public school students (grades 6th-8th and 10th) were surveyed reported having witnessed a stabbing or schooling within the past 12 months (Schwab-Stone et al., 1995). In 2007, a continuation of a North Carolina study was conducted and found that by age 16, more

There have been numerous studies throughout the decades regarding childhood victimization and how it relates to adult criminality. This report will summarize a few of these studies and compare their results in order to attempt to find a correlation between childhood abuse, neglect, or sexual abuse and adult criminals.

Many children are victims of violence; this violence may be physical, or emotional, direct or indirect. In certain situations, the child’s experience

Out of fear she contacted police and had him arrested for violating the order of protection she had placed on him. In the video, the three year-old son was standing in the doorway and witnessed his father getting arrested. The little boy time and time again has witnessed his parents arguing and fighting. The police have been to their house more than 20 times and his father served six months in jail for domestic violence.

Youth who come to the attention of the juvenile justice system are often a challenging and underserved population. While not all youth who experience trauma engage in delinquent activity, and vise versa, studies have shown that youth who are involved in the juvenile justice system have found to have higher rates of traumatic experiences. The National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice (NCMHJJ) reported that 2% of all children are victims of maltreatment, 13% are victims of neglect, and 11% are victims of physical, sexual, or emotional abuse (Ford et al., 2007). NCMHJJ also reports that over 90% of youth involved with the juvenile justice system report having experienced at least one traumatic incident (Ford et al., 2007). In addition,

Child Maltreatment continues to be a pressing issue throughout the United States. Over the years many children are victims of some type of maltreatment which in some cases can lead to fatalities. Maltreatment can have a negative impact on children and can leave numerous physical and psychological scars affecting the child’s adjustment not only at the time of abuse, but also into their young

According to the United States department of Justice, Over sixty percent of American children are exposed to a type of violence every year (Finkelhor, D., Turner, H., Ormrod, R., Hamby, S., and Kracke, K. 2009). These forms of violence can be perpetrated by a victims home, community or school, with majority of children knowing the perpetrator(s). These experiences with violence whether primary or secondary, can cause serious psychological trauma to a child and in worst case scenarios death. The 2009 survey by the Department of Justice also found that children exposed to any form of violence were more likely to engage in violence in the future and almost forty percent of these children were exposed to multiple acts of violence ( pg.2). The

Since the 1930’s the Uniform Crime Reports on the amount criminal behavior among individuals throughout the United States to the FBI. These reports range from murder, rape, robbery, assault to burglary and more that have been reported to the police. Police will then make reports on all the crimes they have collected over a period of time and send them to the FBI for statistical purposes. Unfortunately, youth are often part of these reports. “Youth crime is widespread in U.S. society. The number of victimization discovered is much higher than the number of offenses reported to the police” (Bartollas & Miller, 2014, p.28). This is because again many times family’s keep these incidents to themselves and do not report to the police when youth are

During the first century the victimization of juveniles was a problem that affected the country. Juveniles were committing all type of crimes, which led to their incarceration. Since the system was not prepared for this matter juveniles offenders were send to adult jails. Housing juveniles and adults offender in the same institution created a major complication. For example, youth offenders were learning new behaviors from adults. There are many situations as the result of placing adults and juveniles in the same institutions as are suicide, rape, assaults, and others more dangerous crime that can affect anyone that is incarcerated.

Victims of crime suffer undue physical, psychological, and financial difficulties once they become a victim of a crime. Unfortunately, the victimization doesn’t end when the crime is over it may continue through the entire legal process. Victims are left to cope with the consequences of the act that often leads to stress, anxiety, and the emotional turmoil brought on by the crime. This trauma can torment a victim until it strips them of living a normal existence. In 2014, U.S. residents age 12 or older experienced an estimated 5.4 million violent victimizations and 15.3 million property victimizations, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ (BJS) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) (Truman & Langton, 2014). It is imperative

Domestic violence affects 1 in 3 women and 1 in 4 men (NCADV, 2015). Although the devastating effects that domestic violence has on women are well known, there is a population of domestic violence victims that we tend to overlook. These are the children of the women and men who are in domestic violence situations. Children are the invisible victims when it comes to domestic violence. There are many statistics being thrown around when it comes to the number of children who are exposed to domestic violence; they range from as little as 200,000 to even 3-18 million (Sousa et. al., 2011). A 2001 study discovered that in 75% of the cases in their study, children were present in the home during the assaults (Hutchison & Hirschel, 2001).

A traumatic childhood may predispose a child to violence against themselves or against others, in adolescence or adulthood. This information is and has been off the records, but so far no known relationship between the magnitude of traumatic experiences and different forms of violence at puberty. A study published in Pediatrics, which involved 136,549 U.S. students between 12 and 17 has been commissioned to evaluate this relationship. The researchers sought to determine six adverse experiences for which they had passed the boys in childhood and physical and sexual abuse, witnessing abuse or problems at home by alcohol or drugs taken by a relative. Then he saw the violent behavior at puberty: crime, harassment, bullying, dating violence,