Ytterbite Research Paper

This element was first discovered by Sir William Ramsay in Scotland, the year being 1898. The name ‘Neon’ comes from the word ‘Neos’ which is Greek for new! The element was found through the study of liquified air, and can be found in the Earths atmosphere. It is found as a gas with molecules. These molecules typically have one neon atom.

n the year of 1879,Swedish chemist Lars Fredrik Nilson discovered an element called Scandium.Scandium was found in Uppsala,Sweden.Nilson was studying the rare earth metals and tried to divide the element ytterbium with using euxenite and gadolinite.A part of his method needed the preparation materials which reacted to form erbium nitrate.Nilson added heat to the nitrate and found that his sample had small quantities of a element no one has ever heard of with a low atomic weight.That unknown element soon became Scandium!Soon after his discovery,Nilson started studying the element and determined that Scandium’s atomic weight is about 44.In the year of 1937,Metallic Scandium was first prepared by Fischer and his collegaues.They performed electrolysis

How can one human mind organize and memorize over 100 elements? In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist and inventor, was credited with creating and publishing the Periodic table. The Periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements discovered on earth. These elements are organized by their atomic number

Over the duration of viewing "Hunting the Elements" I learned about various scientific topics including, the elements, what all living things are composed of, CHNOPS, rare earth elements, and even the origins of elements. The elements were organized by Dimitri Mendeleév. He organized them by properties (columns), groups (horizontal), and

the use of copper and magnesium, the chemists examined the gas’s spectrum within a high­voltage vacuum tube (Stewart). Besides the anticipated presence of argon, two new spectral lines, green and orange in color, were also observed; these lines represented a new element, later

7. Many metals such as Strontium are used to get colors in fireworks. If salt is spilled on a gas stove it shows as an orange color. Scientists use a method similar to this to identify elements unknown elements in compounds.

Mindi Reynolds GEO 120 6/1/2017 Earth is Born Origins Nova Neil DeGrasse Tyson HD 1080p In this video we were able to learn about the such violent beginnings of earth and its first billion years, which is a time of continuous catastrophe. We were also made knowledgable how each catastrophe lead us

Recently, Thomas Graedel, from Yale university stated that for metals like yttrium, including the metal itself, it seems inadequate, and nearly unknown that there are any alternatives that can match the element’s effectiveness, and be more greener(9). Surely, many can assume that other rare earth metals, including the family lanthanides can easily be alternatives for yttrium, but because of most be either more reactive, less effective, and even rarer to obtain/ extract, these metals cannot be alternatives(5,9). Moreover, Mr.Graedel, and other sources stated that the world needs to work on creating technology, and day-to-day items without the use of these metals, as it would be much more greener(9), and prevent further over-exploitation of the resource. Despite the fact, the yttrium is a great “greener” alternative for other elements/chemicals such as replacing lead in automobiles, or even replacing elements in medical needles (5,9)

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TASK 1A Periodic table essay Also you should organise into F blocks and S, P, D blocks. Which groups and blocks belong too? NA- Sodium K- Potassium CA- Calcium MG- Magnesium C- Carbon O- Oxygen N- Nitrogen F- Fluorine CL- Chorine FE- Iron H- Hydrogen S- Sulphur Groups Group 1= Alkali metals Group 2= Alkaline earth metals Transition metals Group 3 = Boron family Group 4= Carbon family Group 5= Nitrogen family Group 6= Oxygen family Group 7= Halogen family Group 8= Noble gases Rare earth materials Some earth materials are radioactive. The earths that are rare are silvery white. Thirty rare earth elements are unmoved in the actinide and lanthanide series. In the lanthanide series the one element is the most of the elements in

(1) Lanthanides are extremely interesting, and sometimes rather difficult to study. “Their buried electrons cause the lanthanides to clump together in frustrating ways.” (4) Despite their faults, life as it is today would not be the same without them. Although called a “rare-earth” element, in truth, lanthanum is the 28th most abundant, being as common as lead and tin together. (1) In fact, currently known reserves of lanthanum are known to be around 6 million tonnes. (1) (A tonne, also known as a metric ton, is a unit of mass equaling 1,000 kilograms. (5) According to Emesly, although there are no ores which contain only lanthanum as the metal component; it is found in minerals that include all the other rare-earth elements. Rare-earth ores actually contain a lot of lanthanum; monazite has around 25% lanthanum.  Interestingly, the metal itself is obtained by the reaction of lanthanum fluoride and calcium metal. Lanthanum metal is silvery-white, soft enough to cut with a knife, tarnishes rapidly in air, and burns easily if ignited. It is also one of the most reactive of the rare-earth metals; it even reacts with water, releasing hydrogen gas. Lanthanum has an extremely high melting point of 921 degrees Celsius and an even higher boiling point of 3,460 degrees Celsius. Additionally, it has a density of 6.1 kg per liter (6.1g per cubic centimeter)

To begin, the discovery of ceria was made in 1803 by Jons J. Berzelius in 1803 from the mineral cerite. His apprentice, Carl G. Mosander, took this discovery further suggesting that other rare earth metals might exist within ceria. By infusing nitric acid to cerium nitrate, Mosander, tested his belief. Consequently, some of the cerium nitrates bonded with the acid providing the results that he was looking for. Mosander separated the results using both sodium oxalate and heat, thus, making the first discovery of lanthanum in 1839. Lanthanum was first created in the pure metal form by H. Kremers and R. Stevens in 1923. The element is mined from a variety of ore minerals and deposits in the USA, China, Russia, Australia, and India. (1)

Hydrogen-3 is the only radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Tritium was first discovered, unintentionally, in 1934 by Physicist Ernest Rutherford, M.L. Oliphant and Paul Harteck. It was unintentional, as they had not expected tritium to be made by a mixture of deuterium and high-energy deuterons. Deuterons are the nuclei of deuterium atoms, and deuterium is the second isotope of hydrogen. Unfortunately, Rutherford was unable to isolate the matter and the position was later passed onto to Luis Alvarez and Robert Cornog. Hydrogen-3, can either be artificially or naturally made, however it is very rare to be made naturally. Since 1934, approximately 220 kilograms of tritium has been produced only, in the United States of America, however due to the

While working on her dissertation she became fascinated by the work from Henri Becquerel. Becquerel’s discovery of uranium salts emitting rays inspired her to conduct further research. Within a couple months of beginning her research she made two important discoveries that “led her to formulate the theory that the rays were the result of something happening within the atom itself, a property she called radioactivity” (Goldsmith). She discovered that the rays were emitted from the anatomical structure of the atom and the outcome was not due to the interaction of molecules. Pierre Currie later abandoned his own research in crystals to help his wife in testing minerals that revealed high levels of radioactivity. From Marie Curie’s testing she concluded that a new more powerful element was responsible for the high levels of radioactivity. The Curies confined their research to the mineral pitchblende because it emitted the strongest rays. They then diligently and progressively separated pitchblende by chemical analysis. They measured the radioactivity of the separate components. “In July, 1898, she and Pierre successfully extracted an element from this ore that was even more radioactive than uranium; they called it polonium in honor of Marie’s homeland” (Goldsmith). Within that same years they identified a more radioactive element. This element which was embedded in the pitchblende was named radium. To prove their discovery they needed to isolate a pure form of this element. Which was no easy task, considering that these elements were extremely small and almost unnoticeable. In 1902 they were able to isolate enough radium to confirm its existence. Marie Curie then received a doctorate degree from the Sorbonne University, making it the first awarded to a women in Europe. In 1903 Pierre and Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel where jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for their

2. Alloy of Iron: Mild Steel Alloy of Copper: Cupro-nickel Composition Mainly of iron with < 0.2% carbon. 70% copper and 30% nickel Use To make car bodies Seawater Pipe work Why alloying the metal makes it more suitable for As they are unreactive and do not readily combine with other elements, they are the easiest to extract and the earliest to be discovered and therefore were used long before any other metals.