Yupik Culture

In this culture, as with many others, one becomes a shaman only after being selected by the divine spirits (Sakovich, 2009). Both men and women are able to become shamans, however, they are referred to by different names as each have distinct responsibilities. The men are called ‘Yuta’ while the women are called ‘Nuru’. The women typically “administer public or communal ceremonies while 'Yuta' focuses on the civil or private matters” (“Shaman Portal” 2012”). One distinct aspect of their form of shamanism is their annual festivals which consists of a group of ten females and ten males. On sacred ground the group purifies themselves in the ocean water and performs a religious ritual to summon a goddess from across the sea. Following these actions, the group "hikes to a small settlement at the top of a nearby mountain to offer rice, sake, fish, and other foods to the divinities" (Sakovich

of ceremonies . First, they held the ceremonies to attempt good crops and lots of salomon. They also did it to prevent disasters. Next, it always began with a old man resisting a chant. The dance lasted 5-10 days long. Lastly, they used white deerskin in in the dance. The headdress was made of red head of a woodpecker’s head. All in all, the Yurok had many different

One of the rituals was the Death Ceremony. “Native Americans celebrated death, knowing that it was an end to life on Earth, but, believing it to be the start of life in the Spirit World” (“Native…”). This ceremony was preformed to make sure that their soul would not star and roam the earth. The different tribes did different things in these rituals, some gave the dead food or herbs. Others may give gifts to make sure the trip to the afterlife was safe. They would also dress them in traditional clothes and wash them with yucca suds and putting prayer feathers that were tied around the forehead and then they were buried with some of their favorite things. Another ritual was the healing ritual which were often held to bring people to harmony within themselves. There are some differences from tribe to tribe in what they do in the ritual but some would sing and dance and it could last for days and others would use the medicine wheel and a hoop that was sacred to

The first Americans Also believed in Wakon,da a powerful god to them, whom they believed in, they believed that he created all things, made the land they also believed in life after death and immorality that made earthly life secure and pleasant; they expressed their feelings for nature as in peace and confidence. Different native religions evolved to match their needs and lifestyle Religious traditions of aboriginal people around the world tend to be heavily influenced by their methods of acquiring food, with great hunting skills or by agriculture. Native American spirituality is no exception. Traditional Wakon’da, spirituality is a form of religious belief that each thing, plant and animal has a spirit. The Native American spirituality has an inseparable connection between the spirituality and the culture. One cannot exist without the other. Before Europeans took over the land the Native Americans had their own laws, as they do know, but one of the most important laws was to respect and keep peace with others around them. The folk art

Through the years minority groups have long endured repression, poverty, and discrimination. A prime example of such a group is the Native Americans. They had their own land and fundamental way of life stripped from them almost unceasingly for decades. Although they were the real “natives” of the land, they were driven off by the government and coerced to assimilate to the white man’s way. Unfortunately, the persecution of the Natives was primarily based on the prevalent greed for money and power. This past impeded the Native American’s preservation of their culture as many were obviated of the right to speak the native language and dress in traditional clothing. Because of this cultural expulsion, among other

The Inuit are very spiritual people and they do not believe in a lot of the same things we do. They believe in something called Animism, all living and nonliving things have a spirit. When someone or something dies they believe that things spirit goes to the spiritual world. They only people powerful enough to talk or communicate with these spirits are religious leaders, Shamans or “Angakoks”. The way these religious leader speak with them is through dances or charms. They wear masks and clothes of an animal because they believe it helps them to communicate with them better. Not all spirits are good ones, when the weather was bad or there was an illness going around they believed it to be a displeased spirit, but the Inuit used guidelines to try to make the spirit happy. There was five rules that need to be followed in order to please the spirits, 1) women are not allowed to sew caribou skins on the inside of there igloo on sea ice in the winter. 2) Inuit can not eat sea mammal and land mammal at the same meal. 3) A knife used to kill whales had to wrapped in sealskin, not caribou skin. 4) After killing a seal melted snow had to dripped into its mouth to quench the spirit's thirst. 5) The Inuit saved the bladder of the hunted because they believed that’s where the spirit was found inside. One of the most important spirits was Sedna, The Goddess of the Sea. She provided them with food from the sea, which made the Inuit most happy.

The Yup’ik tribe live around Southwestern Alaska. A few Yup'ik communities, however, live in the far east. That area is Russia. Now, I will name a few Yupik tribes from Southwestern Alaska. There is the Bethel, Marshal, Chevak, Kasigluk, Emmonak and more. The central Alaskan Yupik live along the Yukon-Kuskokwim delta,along the coast of Bristol Bay and east by the Nushagak Bay. The northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay can also be said to be an area populated by the Yupik

The Northwests’ religious practices were not normal practices. Nature was very important to the people of the Northwest because they believed that there was supernatural beings around them. They would worship spirits. The only way the northwest could communicate with the spirits was through shamans or the medicine man. It will be put on the middle of the exhibit. The Northwest would pass stories down through singing, dancing, or orally. The Northwestern people had weird religious beliefs. They thought that there was spirits surrounding them at all times.They would use shamans or the medicine man to communicate to the spirits.

The Northwest Coast culture religion was based off their customs, history passed down from orally through stories, dances and sings, and beliefs. They believed that they were surrounded at all times, by spiritual beings and they were interfering with the natural world. The spirits were connected to all living things. The only link to the spirit world was through the Medicine Men Also noted in are text the "fundamental principles that combined to give Northwest Coast religion its distinctive cast were: lack of systematization of beliefs on creation, cosmology, and deities; a rather vague notion of a remote, disinterested Supreme Being or Beings"(Page 151) The shaman's job was to cure the sick and ensure there was adequate food and to influence

Another characteristic of an indigenous religion deals with the emphasis placed on the spiritual specialists. The general consensus is that anyone can have personal or direct access to spirits or that which is unseen, yet felt (democratized shamanism). There is no special requirement in most indigenous systems that stipulate ‘who’ can commune or interact with spirits, however, as a general rule, many feel that it is best to leave interactions with spirits to those that have been taught or trained through ritual or purification of some sort. Most indigenous religions are not written down, but based on oral

Christian mission in Alaska dates back to around 1794; it might have been a little before this time due to the Russian fur trade, but it was in 1794 when the first Russian Orthodox missionaries came. The spread of Christianity in Alaska continued to spread over the years. Alaska Mission for Christ is an organization that leads many mission teams in different villages of Alaska today. Before Christianity came to Alaska, Shamanism was a huge part of the Native Alaskan culture. This paper will discuss Shamanism and its impact, the start of Christian missions in Alaska, as well as, Alaska Mission for Christ and its work with Christian Mission today.

Shamans, people believed to call spirits and would cure the sick, were important to Coahuilticans and Karankawa beliefs.

Entertainment industry sees pimp as a culture that exists in hip-hop music; it has resulted in huge sale of hip hop music and creation of records in the music industry. Pimp in the entertainment industry has proven to be the main booster to the selling of a good number of music records and winning awards and given huge endorsement deals with real companies and a means of promoting the products in the market. The entertainment industry sees pimp culture as one that embraces men owning women, and this makes the celebrities famous and able to win big deal because of being a pimp. A good example as provided by is 50 Cent a hip hop artist, as soon as he released his hip-hop track “P.I.M.P,” he was awarded a fifty-million-dollar sneaker deal by Reebok, this seems unrealistic for a song which describes girls working for him as having stitches in the head.

For the past 11 years, I have lived and worked in Bethel, Alaska, a community that is 68% Yupik with a strong Alaskan native culture. While most of the remaining 32% of the population is from the lower 48 states, significant numbers of Hispanic, Korean, and Albanian immigrants contribute to the cultural diversity. Moreover, my own home is culturally diverse. I brought my wife, Patty, to the United States from Guatemala on a fiancee visa in February 2000. We have two Yupik daughters, who were given to us through tribal adoption at birth.

Most believe that Native American live deep within temperate forests, but one tribe lives within a much colder and frigid climate. This tribe is known as the Inuits. Inuit means “The Real People” (Santella 5). A group of Inuits traveled to the Americas from Asia, and they went towards the north pole. They eventually settled in the Arctic regions and began to thrive (7). They are widely dispersed throughout the Siberian, Alaskan, Canadian, and Greenland regions (6). The Inuits have an interesting history, lifestyle, and religion.