Matthew Wilson
Professor DeHay
CSS 1302-21
3 October 2016
Zika Virus Speech Outline
1) Introduction
a) Mosquitoes can harbor the Zika virus.
b) The Zika virus is a flavivirus that originated in tropical Africa.
c) Thesis – New information is available about the transmission, symptoms, and risks associated with the Zika virus from scientists and medical personnel who are working to reduce its spread worldwide.
2) Zika is a contagious virus that can be transmitted through both mosquito-to-person, and person-to-person interaction.
a) Mosquito to person interaction
i) Two-thirds of the world’s population lives in Aedes infested areas (Ibrahim, 2). ii) In urban and suburban regions, Zika is generally transmitted in a human-mosquito-human cycle.
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a) Symptoms are usually mild. In fact, only 20% of infected persons show any visible symptoms at all (Schmidt, 165).
b) Symptoms of the Zika virus include: fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pain, conjunctivitis (pink eye), and rashes (Phillips, 396).
4) A recent Zika outbreak in Brazil, revealed that more serious risks and complications can be associated with the Zika virus.
a) It was discovered that Zika virus can cause birth defects.
i) A study done in Brazil showed that as many as 30% of babies born to women who had been infected with Zika showed signs of microcephaly, that is, an abnormally small head (Baden et al, 1556) ii) Microcephaly limits the development of infants’ brain before birth, and is associated with seizures, learning disorders, developmental delays, and vision and hearing loss (Schmidt,
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5) Scientists recommend specific measures to avoid contracting the Zika virus.
a) For everyone, insect repellant with DEET and protective clothing is recommended.
b) The CDC now issues a level 2 travel alert warn people travelling to Zika infested regions (Schmidt, 163).
c) The use of insecticide spraying and larvicides has proven effective in preventing and controlling the outbreak of the virus (Baden et al, 1559).
6) Conclusion – Scientists and medical personnel around the world are continuing to learn about the transmission, symptoms, and risks of the Zika virus. Recently, Congress committed $1.1 billion to combat the spread and effects of the virus (Taylor, 1). Americans are hopeful that scientific advances can quickly zap the threat of Zika here at home. References
Baden, L. R., Petersen, L. R., Jamieson, D. J., Powers, A. M., & Honein, M. A. (2016). Zika virus. The New England Journal of Medicine, 374(16), 1552–1563.
Ibrahim, N. K. (2016). Zika virus: epidemiology, current phobia and preparedness for upcoming mass gatherings, with examples from World Olympics and pilgrimage. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 32(4),
First isolated from a rhesus monkey in Uganda, the Zika virus (ZIK V) did not pose a serious global threat until recent outbreaks in 2007 on Yap Island in Micronesia and the current outbreak which began in 2013 in the French Polynesia. And, although the virus is transmitted via infected mosquitoes, studies indicate that the disease potentially can be transmitted sexually (Musso, D., Roche, C., Robin, E., Nhan, T., Teissier, A., and
Zika virus was discovered by scientists in the Zika rainforest in a remote part of Uganda in 1947, in the serum of an infected rheseus monkey. With five thousand two hundred thirty- four known cases of the infectious virus documented in the United States. There is currently no vaccination for the flu like virus. The chief concern of the healthcare administration is to continue to take preventive measures to prevent contracting the virus. Within the same flavivirus family
I created an exciting fast-paced informative video about the Zika virus to support the community. This video helps to understand how the virus started to spread and its consequences, it also provides some tips on how to prevent and prepare for its’ dangerous attack in South Florida.
The growing concern of the Zika outbreak that originated back in 1947 Uganda in monkeys and later crossed over to humans in 1952 has now reached several countries. These outbreaks are occurring in Brazil and reportedly more than 7,000 people have been infected from mosquito bites. On February 1, 2016 the World Health Organization declared the Zika a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. To combat the issue Louisville activated the “Zika Response Action Plan, which provides guidelines for preparation and response to the virus in the Louisville Metro Department of Public Health and Wellness (LMPHW) jurisdiction” (ZIKA Response plan, 2016). The plan being used by Louisville demonstrates the prevention and mitigation being executed
Also known as the Zika virus, is now spreading into 2 species in many parts of Brazil. Researchers in Brazil have stated that out of 500 mosquitos, 450 mosquitos are contained with this insane virus we all call, “Zika Virus.” This disease is really shocking to the world since the Summer Olympic Games are happening and many countries, especially from the United States because most athletes are scared that they might bring home the virus and spread it in their nations or it's just painful to have it when you're in a country that is nowhere home.The reason why I picked this current events is that this virus has been going around for quite a while now and it's still amazing how a small mosquito can end up killing a person in many ways. It's also shocking when you hear an athlete who has a chance to win a gold medal for their country, but they are denying it because of their health issues and the future consequences that could happen. Remember that the Olympic is only every 4 years, so it has been a long time for them to train and not being able to go is a shame, but also its for their own health conditions, not what citizens want to see, a guy with a virus coming home. This “Zika Virus” has no end to it yet because there is no cure yet to be found and there has not been a human trail yet done to fix this
Zika virus creates a trepidation among people as it is spreading across South and Central America. We hear it every day as it is procuring Ebola-level awareness. In her article, “An Illustrated Guide To The Zika Outbreak, published in February 3rd of 2016, Anna Almendrala enumerates the effects of Zika virus and the alarming fear it causes among the people. “Brazilian health authorities notified the World Health Organization that an alarming number of Brazilian babies had been born with microcephaly, a rare, debilitating birth defect with lifelong consequences. Researchers quickly linked the spike in birth defects to the outbreak of a little-known tropical disease called Zika virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes” (Almendrala). The author expounds the fatal consequence to babies born with birth defects such as microcephaly: the condition where infants born with undersized heads. The author emphasizes the relation between Zika virus and microcephaly. Microcephaly is the condition where infants born with undersized heads. Almendrala’s purpose is to convey the idea of how the Zika virus is spread across the countries through mosquitoes and she informs the audience to take special care of pregnant women as they are more prone to the Zika virus and always be vigilant while traveling to countries that are affected by Zika virus, especially African, Central and South America where more people are affected by Zika virus and more babies are born with undersized heads caused by
"This study in a nonhuman primate gives a vital commitment to our comprehension of the course of Zika infection disease in primates," Amelia Pinto of Saint Louis University, Missouri, who was not included in the work, said in an announcement sent to columnists. In any case, "this study is continuous, so from the outcomes reported in this paper we can't yet say that macaques will be a decent model for comprehension the connections between Zika contamination amid pregnancy and the expanded danger for microcephaly," Pinto included.
“This study marks a turning point in the Zika outbreak. It is now clear that the virus causes microcephaly”( Tom Frieden). Microcephaly is an abnormal smallness of the head, a congenital condition associated with incomplete brain development. With the Olympics being held in Brazil, there is much cause to attention the potential disease being brought back to the U.S. by female athletes bringing an epidemic to carry havoc on the citizens of the United States. It can be spread very easily through mosquito bites of the yellow fever mosquito. From the mosquitoes, the virus does not cause many symptoms to its victims generating unknown awareness of the virus. “ Only one in five people who become infected with Zika virus will feel sick. Symptoms of Zika virus infection include fever, rash, pink eye, pains in joints, pain behind the eyes, headache, and muscle pains”( Levison, Matthew). The symptoms, if any, last 4-7 days in most cases. The Zika Virus is an easily spread disease with few symptoms.
Many scientists all around have heard of a virus before, but not as infectious as the zika virus. This virus can ruin a little infant. But one truism statement about this virus, which freaks out scientists, is that it is carried by mosquitos. Terrible isn't it? If I were you, I would think to myself what will make this virus restrain itself? Well in order to stop it the best solution is to splat the mosquitos; because well let's face it, mom's little children that have been born wouldn't want to have a small head and a big body. Lots of people came back with this virus but the devastated citizens didn't notice this virus coming to
This article focuses on the outbreak of the Zika virus, which has recently begun spreading across the world with an emphasis on Latin American countries Brazil and Colombia. There are currently over 26,000 people who have been confirmed as infected with the virus in Colombia alone and this number is expected to rise dramatically to about 600,000 within the coming months considering the location and altitude of the countries and the frequency of their carrier mosquito. The virus has no vaccine yet; all prevention methods are focused on controlling the mosquitos spreading the disease by promoting proper sanitation regarding dirty water storage and accumulated trash. Among the people infected is 16-year-old Angie Paola Castro, one of 3,177 women
As of now, there is no official vaccine for Zika. Instead, a patient that has the contagion must undergo certain treatments. Fortunately, the remedies for the virus are simple and cheap. If infection occurs, it is vital to get an abundance of rest and liquids; medication is also advised to assist in alleviating pain. The treatments for Zika are straightforward because the disease itself is rather mild. In fact, in most reported cases of the virus in the United States, the illness only lasted approximately two to seven days prior to the first set of symptoms (“World Health Organization”). It is evident that the fear associated with the Zika Virus is slightly exaggerated. Currently, there is only one recorded fatality in the United States that is directly related to Zika (“The Washington Post”). This is mainly because first world countries’ medical programs are advanced enough to effectively treat the virus. The standard of living in these countries are also higher compared to third world countries. That is why Zika has claimed a significant amount of lives worldwide; the poor conditions in these countries make it difficult for infected individuals to get proper
I have decided to discuss the article “Where's Zika Most Likely in the U.S.? The Answer May Surprise You” by Maggie Fox. There is a lot of concern in the news, throughout the healthcare industry, and the United States about Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and its’ role in the cause and symptoms of the Zika virus. Many factors play into an ideal climate for the mosquitoes. Heat, humidity, and heavy rains in the summertime will provide an ideal climate for them to thrive. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), “Zika virus spreads to people primarily through mosquito bites. The most common symptoms of Zika virus disease are fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (red eyes). The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting from several days to a week. Severe disease requiring hospitalization is uncommon” (Zika virus, para. 1). However, the fear that there will be a major Zika virus outbreak here in the United States is unsubstantiated at this time. The CDC (2016) notes, “Outbreaks of Zika have occurred in areas of Africa, Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the
McNeil, Donald G., and Pam Belluck. "Extensive Brain Defects seen in Babies of Mothers with Zika." New York Times, 14 Dec, 2016, pp. A.3, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com.
The Zika virus has shown to be increasingly circulating into a larger portion of the United States. This virus has devastating effects in people of all ages, including unborn children in pregnant women. Therefore, no one is protected from these virus carrying mosquitos. Symptoms including fevers, red eyes, rashes, and joint pain. Although the virus does not kill an infectee directly, infections and other complications will arise from the virus and could lead to fatality.
Aside from the dangerous symptoms, the real difficulty is how it affects pregnant women. Zika virus can be given from the mother to the baby throughout pregnancy as can result in a condition called microcephaly (the head is smaller than normal because the brain has not properly developed or is not growing) (“Zika Virus” par. 4). This can be deadly in newborn babies and is why Zika is one of the more feared