Zoonotic Diseases Research Paper

Zoochosis is caused by animals being in cages or small enclosures, lack of exercise and ability to keep their minds active. Animals with zoochosis will act strange, such as biting on the bars of their enclosure, hurting themselves and others. A number of symptoms can suggest that an animal is suffering from a psychological problem however zoochosis is something a zoo keeper does not want an animal to develop. In most cases once an animal develops zoochosis and they are unable to cure the animals they will need to put down which is why it is very important for the animal to not develop

For example, the monkeypox outbreak that affected dozens of people in the Midwest in 2003 was so uncontrolled and unknown it almost became an epidemic. Also, many of these animals are carriers of zoonotic diseases, such as Herpes B,

A zoonotic disease is a disease that can be transmitted from animal to human (Weber, 2005 p485). Different pets put people at different health related risk. Birds can can carry and spread germs to people. Some species may carry Salmonella or Chlamydia psittaci. It is unlikely to get sick from dogs and cats however, they may still be a health risk due to germs they may carry. These germs may result in a bacterial disease if not dealt with properly. Fish, amphibians, and reptiles all put you at risk for Salmonella (Weber, 2005). With all these infections and diseases lingering on pets, young children and people with decrease immune systems are in danger. Also if pets aren’t cleaned after and groomed properly this could increase the risk.

Every year almost 175 million people visit a zoo, yet the mistreatment of animals in zoos goes almost completely unnoticed. This mistreatment is constantly swept under the rug by issues that society deems more relevant or impact us more. For example, issues like climate change receive more attention. However, this mistreatment is relevant and is constantly impacting society. These animals that are left malnourished, fatigued, and constantly fighting bacterial infections, are important. Every time an animal is pulled from the wild and put into captivity it impacts the mental health of the animal and endangers everyone and everything around it. Zoos are to blame for this endangerment, yet so is the public for overlooking mistreatment such as enclosures that are too small, surplus animals, and mental illness in animals.

Zoos are terrible places for animals that do not belong in cages. Zoos include roadside zoos, petting zoos, and smaller animal exhibits. The animals they have are meant to be out in the wild not locked up in cages. The areas are not big enough for them to be animals. They are held in captivity with nowhere to go because if they try to break out, they are going to get shot down. Animals are not meant for entertainment. If you want to see an animal there are many websites with live cameras in order to see it. Also, if you want to see animals the animals should have a free range area and the people ride around in cars to look. The people should take the chances of getting beaten, eaten, trampled, etc. Zoos make money off poor animals who have no choice

Of the 1,415 human pathogens, 61% are zoonotic and infect multiple animal species.4 This means out of the 1,415 pathogens 863 are zoonotic and can be passed to humans from animals. Some of the ways the emergence of pathogens occur are a mutation (canine parvovirus infection), climate change, invasive species, the introduction of a new species (intended or accidental), and biological products.4

Although wild animals are anything but free from disease or injury, it is a more significant problem for them in captivity. According to Stephen Bostock, author of “Zoos and Animal Rights”, “the stress of being captured and transported can make an animal more liable to serious,” infection (67). He also mentions how the conditions in zoos can assist in the spread of infections and parasites (67). In addition to this, animals can be exposed to disease they would not normally face in the wild, diseases that they have no immunity built against. For example, primates catch tuberculosis and measles from humans and Antarctic penguins often die from aspergillosis as a result of not living in their natural aseptic environment (Bostock, 67). So even though zoo animals may be healthier in ways such as less minor injuries, the gap between them and their wild counterparts is not as big as people perceive. Elephants are

From an ecological standpoint, human manipulation of the environment and animals puts us at a considerable threat. One major threat stems from the industrialization of the food industry, specifically with factory farming. While the mass production of chickens, cows, pigs, etc have benefitted the human population from a nutritional standpoint, they also create a system that allows for susceptibility to zoonotic diseases. SARS, for example, is believed to have made the ecological “jump” to humans from Civet cats being raised in China. Poor sanitation conditions, overcrowding, and constant human contact are all factors that lead to a virus being able to mutate quickly and easily into a zoonotic

A ‘spillover’ , also referred to as zoonosis, can be best described as a disease that has the capability to cross from another species to human beings. The scientists until now, have been successful in identifying approximately 200 zoonotic diseases. In the recommended book, Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic, Davis Quammen has highlighted the emergence and significant effects of zoonotic both human and animal all over the Blue planet. He has covered a good number of the infamous diseases including the Ebola, HIV, malaria, SARS, influenza and Lyme disease.

Although this may be the case for some zoos most animal face more health problems from being in a zoo.

Zoos, or any other place alike, do not take adequate care of their animals. The habitats. that are constructed to mimic the creature’s nature one, often fails in meeting that expectation. The spaces dedicated for the animals are cramped and not regularly maintained. [stat about that here] In addition most

There are thing that make people more susceptible to contracting zoonotic diseases. Either it’s knowingly or unknowingly, humans are prone to the dangers of being direct targets of zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are transmittable in various ways weather

Even though some argue that zoos are actually beneficial for animals, zoos in reality produce a toxic and cruel impact on species. When animals are confined in spaces for entertainment purposes, they are more likely to develop mental illnesses and strange behaviors. For instance, the term “zoochosis” was coined by Bill Travers in 1992 after witnessing abnormal behaviors such as pacing, head banging, self mutilation, regurgitating, and many more actions that animals displayed in zoos that were not found in the wild (“Travers”). These findings are able to prove that the behavior shown in zoos is not normal for these species. With evidence such as recordings that show animals displaying these shocking behaviors, it is impossible to claim that

People are causing stress when they go to the zoos . for animals stress can lead to cause of death and other serious sickness also indigestion. People can frighten them that is really bad for their health later on in life.

A number of studies have supported the theory that the virus had originally occurred in animals previous to human infections.5 The MERs-CoV virus is a type of coronavirus that has been known for infecting both birds and many species of mammals. These types of infections are commonly referred to as zoonotic diseases because the pathogens are able to be transferred from animals to humans. Zoonosis can happen with or without a vector in order to spread the infection. Although the exact origin of the MERs-CoV infections is unknown, there has been convincing research performed that has found related types of coronaviruses in bats and camels. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the coronavirus is found in multiple species and can cause respiratory illness and gastrointestinal upset.