answer to exercises Ch 12

2a. Consumers would certainly see a hike in prices on the imported product and in turn could affect the consumer’s ability to afford neither the domestic made clothing nor foreign made clothing.

A century ago, the textile and clothing industry was a major part of the U.S. economy, but that is no longer the case. Faced with foreign competitors that can produce quality goods at low cost, many U.S. firms have found it increasingly difficult to produce and sell textiles and clothing at a profit. As a result, they have laid off their workers and shut down their factories. Today, most of the textiles and clothing that Americans consume is imported. The United States and China are economically connected through importing and exporting. Due to the United States being in a large deficit with China, we must remain in good terms with China. China has a very fast growing economy due to their advances in technology and other devices. The benefits are on a global perspective, globalization means more job opportunities. China has cheap labor, which allows them to produce at a lower cost. The story of the textile industry raises important questions for economic policy: How does international trade affect economic well-being? Who gains and who loses from free trade among countries, and how do the gains compare to the losses? A low domestic price indicates that the country or in this case China, has a comparative advantage in producing the good and that the country will become an exporter. A high domestic price indicates that the rest of the world has a comparative advantage in producing the good and that the country will become an importer. China is second to Canada as the United

· What are the effects of international trade to GDP, domestic markets and university students?

With the elimination of U.S. government subsidies, cotton textile manufacturers will pay more for cotton. As the leading buyer of cotton, the Chinese apparel industry’s profitability will be reduced due to their inability to pass on increased cotton prices to their buyers. China’s manufacturing costs had already increased by as much as 40% due to higher market wages and costs with complying with worker and environmental protections. Although China has substantial labor and is accused of utilizing sweat shops to keep their costs extremely low, their increasing manufacturing costs have opened the door to other countries with cheap labor such as Vietnam and Pakistan.

product, the effect is, like a tariff, to raise the price of the import and make

We can use Welfare Economics and Gains from Trade to conclusively state that we will be worse off as a country due to sugar tariffs (Landsburg, 2009). In more detail the import restriction of sugar at world prices assures that we will have a constriction of supply from the world market and unmet demand from domestic consumers (Landsburg, 2009). The cost to us will be the dead weight loss associated with the restriction of imports.

The first argument for trade confinements, is that exchange limitations prevent the dumping of products in the local market. Dumping occurs when foreign producers offer merchandise at costs below their generation expense to drive out nearby rivalry. The second contention for exchange restrictions, is that these aid newly developed industries. The contention is that the extent of the new commercial enterprise is very minute and there are diseconomies that prevent them from contending successfully with foreign producers. The third argument, is that the nation should create commercial ventures that are needed for their protection. The argument is that regardless of the fact that the expense of generation in these commercial ventures is high, these businesses should be local so that the nation does not need to depend on remote makers for national safeguard merchandise.

(1) Imposing quotas on imported goods. Import quota is the limitation on the quantity of a goods that can be imported into a country. This measures would have the impact of reducing imports. Importers cannot import such products exceeds the quota.

4. An increase in the foreign price level relative to the U.S. price level would cause the import

In modern economic policy of nations and states, the tariffs a tool to tax goods and services being imported. The principal desired outcome for this tool is to create security for the domestic industry from the imported product, which may be cheaper for consumers to purchase. (McEachern, 2015)

In this I am going to assess the methods to increase trade between countries and the methods to restrict trade between countries. When asses the methods of encouraging and restricting trade I will talk about the purpose for the methods of promoting and restricting international trade, identify how and why they might be used and I will decide how useful each method is giving appropriate reasons for it. International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries.

This paper will explain the price transmission between world cotton prices to the domestic prices in the West African ‘Cotton Four’ (‘C4’) countries of Benin, Mali, Burkina Faso and Chad. It will analyse the short- and long-term effects on domestic farmers’ income, the implications for domestic production of cotton and other relevant crops in these countries, and then look at the effects on the labour markets of these nations.

The international trade of goods across the world accounts for approximately 60% of the world Gross Domestic Product (The World Bank, 2014). A great proportion of goods transactions occur every second. The primary question is whether international trade benefits a country as an entirety, and, if so, why would a country implement protective trade policies to restrict particular exports? To address this question, this essay aims to explore the impact of trade on various economic stakeholders, including consumers, producers, labour and government and, furthermore, will compare models and theories with reality to ascertain the true winner/ loser in the international trade market.

When foreign trade is not strongly change, government spending and taxes, like most of the headlines, it aroused some people's blood in economics. Both exports and imports will affect the livelihood and way of life.

Trade Policy simply determines the rules and regulations by which goods and services are exchanged across countries borders. Regulations such as trade barriers include, but are not limited to; tariffs and quotas. A tariff increases the price of imported goods for consumers through the imposition of a tax. The government receives revenue from the tax while local producers benefit as they do not have to compete with low-priced foreign goods. A quota restricts the number of exports/imports a country can trade, which gives the local