contributions made by Leopold von Ranke to the writing of History.

The ability to inspire people to feel pride towards one’s country, can hinder the ability for people to realize what is morally right and wrong. Heinrich von Treitschke, a German historian, argued that Germans should view nationalism as the ideology to live by. Whether it involved having to fight in wars or allowing the monarchy to obtain the majority of the power, Germans had to do what is right for the country. Treitschke argued that if Germany was going to thrive among other countries, the people of Germany had to accept the fact that not all races are created equal. These ideologies proved to have a significant impact in the twentieth century due to the fact that Hitler used the same ideologies in the nineteen thirties. This eventually lead to genocide as many people were unaware of the negative consequences of nationalism. The ideas of one person can be devastating, as it can lead to a misconception on how to properly run a country.

Rich in instructive ideas and fresh and productive insights, the “Affairs of Honor” makes relative contribution to the field of history by appraising on the historical events and concepts that were utilized in streamlining the political culture. In an explicit approach, a new elucidation on the existence of well-structured political parties has been established with the argument that their acceptance has been gradual as they are considered as the most secure and more civilized way of approaching elections. Believed to be a platform that is governed by the rule of law and imperative structures for efficiency in a contemporary political environment, such structured parties have turned out to be platform of satisfying personal interest (Freeman, 2002).

By looking at the readings of Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Locke, there are a few distinctions between how the modern thinkers viewed politics versus the way the ancient thinkers believed politics should be. There are many topics both modern and ancient thinkers discuss in their writings, such as the purpose of politics, the science of politics, human nature, as well as the ideal regime. By doing so, these thinkers’ views on political topics such as these illuminate how they thought politics should work and who should be able to participate in the activity of politics.

He is the value of the origin. Although a diverse group of references were employed, sources from the last decade were omitted. As recent sources were available before the book’s 2012 publication, this inconsistency provokes caution from historians and limits the origin’s value.

Herbert Von Schulerfusselmussal IV is a multi-potential gifted student. She has many interest and shows talents in a lot of those areas. This ability to appreciate many different things can lead to decision making.

“History is the study of any past or present happening or events for which there is physical, written or oral evidence available to substantiate the happenings or events. Some students of history have difficulty with their motivation for the subject because they cannot identify with the personal value of history” (A Guide to Critical Thinking in the Social Studies 1). Clearly, there are many approaches to the study of an era or theme, but those most frequently relied upon in all levels of education are those which seek to present facts, documented from a wide number of sources, primary and secondary, as objectively as possible, a practice which detaches students from their studies and seemingly takes the “story” out of history. Relying upon

Hamerow begins his introduction with a defense of the theory that history is determined by the great people of society or The Great Man Theory of history. He goes on to say that "They are the makers of the world in which we live. Otto Von Bismarck belongs in this Company."

Emerson's opinion on history in his essay “History” is thought provoking. Emerson often views history as a prevalent or “universal mind”. This universal mind is common and accessible to all men. History is often viewed as the record of the universal mind and is also contained in that universal mind. Therefore, Emerson is able to say, “Man is explicable by nothing less than all his history”. Emerson tends to believe in a certain relation between the hours of a lifetime and the centuries of the time itself. If one thinks history is something that happened in the past, one is mistaken.

Some historians subscribe to the “Great Man Theory”, which states that history can be explained by the accomplishments and influence of notable individuals, instead of concentrating on events. Specifically, it focuses on the “event-making man” as a great individual, whose individual

The issues that people had with old historiographies were that they weren’t complex enough and lacked comprehension of cultural aspects. They rarely strayed from the political or economic topics and never discussed important cultural avenues. Levine talks of synthesis in historical writing but deems this as a way to dismiss the introduction of new subject matter into history. He, on the contrary, wishes for the expansion of subjects in history and feels there has been too much neglect on cultural aspects and the importance that it offers to understanding the past as it really was. Levine believes historians need to increase their tolerance and acceptance of the complexities of the past as well as the historian profession in order to effectively and accurately write about the

Historical turning points are undeniably the most popular part of history in itself. This book uses the excitement that is generated while learning about certain turning points to get across both the nature of scholarship as well as the “nature of things” although the book simply tries to make it seem as if it only has the ability to explain “how the world became modern.” One of the cataclysmic acts where the story “begins” (although not chronologically) is in 15th century Germany, when a book-hunter finds the ancient works of Lucretius’s On the Nature of Things. This world changing moment, this epoch-altering second, this time changing event is even more tantalizing to the brain as it isn't some action-y, battle of arms, hero saving the world type of thing, but this movement that STILL changed the way the old world was and brought forth what the new world is. This novel focuses on 3 scholars, Poggio, Lucretius and Greenblatt. Poggio was responsible for recovering a huge number of older Latin manuscripts, which he found in ancient

In the words of Max Weber, “This lecture, which I give at your request, will necessarily disappoint you in a number of ways.” I begin here to let the reader know I do not intend on conforming to the regular hypothesis in the case of Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg, more commonly known as Paul von Hindenburg. This general hypothesis on his character may paint him as a villain in the eyes of history, however, I will argue here that he was forced into a situation of unfortunate circumstances. His case consists of many political and military ups and downs and he is most famously known for appointing Adolf Hitler to the position of chancellor and therefore plunging the Nazi party into power. This one choice by Hindenburg was the first domino to fall in the sequence of events leading to the second world war and ultimately for the death of 50

Alejandra Dubcovsky author of To understand Science, Study history acknowledges that it is important to study history because history helps us understand past experiences. It does not change and it helps us progress in many different fields. “To be sure, knowing those stories and this history does not change the results of an experiment, alter biology, or change the laws of physics. But the stories--the historical sensitivity--emphasize the contingency and the human decisions, struggles, and misgivings found even in the hardest of sciences. STEM is neither excused nor separate from its past.” (Alejandra Dubcovsky paragraph 10). Often times we do not realize how much history impacts our lives daily and is accountable for where we are today as

Theodore Fontane’s novel Effi Briest provides a glimpse into a pre-World War I Germany that few other books would be able to. Fontane narrates some of the most controversial issues of his day in the book, including religion, the aristocracy, and politics in the book. Following the world of high-class families at the end of the Biedermeier era, Fontane allows the reader to be given a historical context for how the events of pre-war Germany unfolded. Using Effi Briest as a source of analysis, new context for the role of religion in the upper-class of German society, insights into the social structure of this pre-war German culture, and an understanding of the political and military devotion for many title-bearing individuals toward the onset of the First World War.

Empiricism is the theory that experience, rather than reason, is the source of knowledge, and in this sense it is opposed to rationalism. This general thesis can receive different emphases and refinements; therefore, philosophers who have been labeled empiricists are united generally and may differ in various ways. The Empiricist Revolution helped facilitate discussion on real world, political problems. Since this revolution, philosophers and political theorists have developed two different ideas on what politics should be about and how a government should be ran: politics should be about making citizens more virtuous vs politics should be about the “basics” like security and property rights. Throughout this paper, I will be analyzing these two different outlooks on politics and presenting a case for both.