CHAPTER 11 Ethics and Health Pat Kurtz and Ronald L. Burr Authors Go Here Authors Go Here Authors Go Here Visit http://nursing.jbpub.com/communityhealth for Visit http://nursing.jbpub.com/communityhealth interactive exercises, review questions, WebLinks for interactive exercises, review questions, and more. Web links, and more. © Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. 1786X_CH11_248_269.pdf 248 12/30/08 10:30:24 AM REFLECTIONS It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity. —Albert Einstein A state legislature allotted its state health department $750,000 to match Ryan White federal funding for medication sufficient to treat 20 patients with …show more content…
Bioethics is the common name for the study of ethics as it relates to health and the moral problems that arise as a result of advances in health technologies and our increasing ability to do more to treat illness and prolong life. The theories resulting from ethical study provide a guide to examining ethical situations and to articulating preferred ways of living and behaving as health care practitioners. We must, however, remain aware that differences of opinion exist among those well versed in bioethics regarding which theories best fit which cases, as well as what kind of role character development plays in preparation for acting ethically in the community. As our understanding of the universe, the nature of human behavior, and societal relationships has increased or changed, theories about ethical behavior have been modified and new theories developed. One essential difference in the various approaches to ethical decision making has to do with the target of the action. For whom or for what are we interested in doing the right thing—ourselves, a co-worker, an individual patient, a family, an organization, a community, a nation, or the world? Unfortunately, what may seem to be the right thing to do for one person or group may not be the right thing for another. A situation characterized by conflicting rights or obligations is known as an ethical dilemma. Because of the
The key takeaways from this article range from decision making models to ensuring that employers make an ethical decision. An ethical decision model is a great tool to use when faced with a tough decision to make (Inggs & Christensen, 2015). In order to ensure that a manager has made an ethical decision, he or she should consider everyone else around him or her that their decision could obtain an effect on. As a manager, it is important to utilize every tool necessary to make a decision. It is more important to stray away from the garbage can model which displays that decision making is sloppy and desultory (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2013). Also, it is important to know which biases are showing up in the decision-making process.
Today, executives are having a rough time juggling between the demands of the workplace and those of their families and other personal responsibilities. In a bid to meet targets and other organizational goals and objectives, business executives in addition to traveling extensively also tend to dedicate long hours to office work.
Scenario: There are a group of people on a lifeboat and the boat is sinking. There is also a 400 pound man on the boat. The problem is the boat can only hold ten normal size people. Having said that, the group has to come up with a decision for their survival; so what should they do? Below are the conversations among the passengers.
Impact of mood on ethical decision-making. Few studies have looked at the various effects of mood ethical decision-making. Most have focused on the differences between positive and negative mood or affective states. It is often unclear whether different emotions will promote or discourage ethical decision making in an organization (Gaudine & Thorne, 2001). Gaudine and Thorne developed a model in order to attempt to understand how emotions affect individual's ability to make ethical decisions in an organization. The authors attempt to use a cognitive-developmental foundation to create a model of emotion and ethical decision making. Cognitive developmental theory posits that people's perception of morality progresses as they develop. People's
This essay will examine the ethical decision making model by Kerridge et al (2005) in relation to a palliative care of a client with liver cancer. In this particular situation Mr. Hopkins has had surgery and it failed to remove the cancer in his liver. He completed his radiotherapy and was returned home. He is in pain and asking to the district nurse to end his life. This situation creates an ethical dilemma to the district nurse. Nursing practice is complex sometimes nurses have to undergo certain level of ethical issues that they encounter in everyday practice. Surveys show that majority of the nurses face the issues related to the right of the patients and their values is the most frequently encountered ethical issues in the daily nursing
In this week’s application we are review the case study and then describe any ethical issue in which I have identified. We are then asked to apply any ethical decision making model then describe two solutions with the ethical issue. In this case it was about a prison psychologist that is having some difficulties when being asked to be in charge of a difficult situation. The psychologist came back from vacation and was asked to be in charge of the hospital because another supervisor was going away for a while. The psychologist was given direct instructions regarding a specific client who has suicidal ideations and has been on watch for 3 weeks. The issue is that because the client was very aggressive and suicidal
Complex moral issues often arise within the healthcare setting and healthcare professionals are required to manage
The final ethical issue that may be faced is clinical issues. Clinical issues happen as a result of the caregiving relationship that forms between practitioners and clients (Kunstler, 2010). Clinical issues form from outgrowths of foundational and systemic issues. Kunstler (2010) says that “clinical ethical issues include the rights of clients, decision making for those who are incapacitated, privacy and confidentiality, and boundary issues” (p.15). An example of this issue is when a client with a chronic illness is no longer able to make conscientious decisions. It is the practitioners job to follow the patients caregivers wishes, even if your opinion differs. As a professional in healthcare the ‘‘person before label concept” is important
The revelation of technology in the last two decades has influenced the society in a manner that many had not perceived. Not only has technology been applied in places of business, but it is also in our personal lives. A hallmark of this technological revolution is social media. To facilitate some of these services, such as online banking, the user is required to part with vital information. These data includes personal records, bank statements, documents of high value, say tenders to services of bitcoins. with the availability of such information online, information concerning personal details of computer users lives such
The traps I am most likely to fall into when evaluating something or someone are trusting too
The healthcare environment is a stressful one prone to conflict. Healthcare executives should be able to effectively manage and resolve conflicts amongst patients, staff, and family members. Ethical problems may arise from a conflict between the health care professional's ethical obligation to provide the utmost benefit for the patient, and the need to respect the patient's own informed choice regarding treatment. Sometimes the quality of a patient’s life is ignored due to pressure from the family to prolong their life. The codes of ethics designed by ACHE will act as guide to healthcare executives in resolving these conflicts when they arise.
In this situation I would be torn by my professional and individual ethical code. Professionally my boss said that the company downsizing is confidential. Therefore, telling the employee could harm my position in the company. However, I could not live with not telling the employee and he or she loses both jobs. I could be to tell the employee that he or she should take the job offer. I could leave out the company downsizing information and just talk very positively about the job offer hoping he or she would take the job. I also could tell my boss about the employees job offer. The employee did not say it was confidential and giving the situation I do not think they will mind. Hopefully my boss will have the same ethical code as I do and inform
Throughout the last century, The Unites States of America has been affectionately dubbed, “the melting pot.” Although our Western culture was built on a multicultural foundation, we have nevertheless failed, “to embrace many of the needs, views, and perspectives specific to those not considered part” of the dominant White-Western culture. Only in recent decades have we truly started to address this gap and the needs associated with serving others from a culturally sensitive standpoint. The American Counseling Association (ACA) has slowly adapted to these needs by integrating culturally sensitive language in the ACA Code of Ethics; however, culture permeates every aspect and every level of the counseling process and does not stand alone.
Although we, as individuals, frequently find ourselves amidst ethical dilemmas as we navigate through our lives every day, none of them are as controversial as those in the field of medicine. Undoubtedly, resolving conflict among principles is a difficult task. In context of medicine, where decisions have a direct correlation to life or death, the gravity of the decisions is magnified. Usually, the source of the dilemma can be linked to conflict within the four main domains: respect for others, beneficence, justice and non-maleficence (Wesgate, 2017). In the presentation, Susan Wesgate gave one authentic advice to help us navigate these situations of conflict- “go back to your moral code”. Now, I have not yet been in situations where I am deeply conflicted, but I do hope that when I am, that this advice helps me make decisions.
It is important that the interview questions are not biased or leading, and that the questions do not cause any psychological or emotional harm. The subject will not be intentionally deceived. The questions and data interpretation have an ethical consideration to be valid and truthful for the research institution and for the scholarly body as a whole. Another consideration is the safety of the interviewee because the study wants honest and sincere answers, but it also does not want to leave the interviewee in a vulnerable state or location. The concern of a power differential between the interviewee and interviewer is important because the interviewer will be from a university, and the interviewee will be unemployed and possibly even homeless. While the