import and export of VN 2013

Production was nonexistent. Northern industries and infrastructures were systematically ravaged by the military might of the United States. The South fared little better. Viet Cong attacks disrupted significant economic activity. The fall of Saigon ended this murderous conflict in 1975. The country was united again under communist economic tutelage. This correlated to huge drain of human capital. By 1982, close to 1 million people fled the country; among them tens of thousands of professional, intellectual, technicians, and skilled workers. The next decade (1976 - 1986) saw the economy of Vietnam plodding along under the weight of central planning. The Vietnamese economy has been plagued by enormous production difficulties, supply and demand imbalances, inefficiencies in distribution, soaring inflation rates, rising debt problems, excessive governmental corruption and illegal asset confiscations by authorities. Vietnam is one of the few countries in modern history to experience a sharp economic deterioration in a postwar reconstruction period. Its postwar economy was one of the poorest in the world and has shown a negative growth in total national output as well as in agricultural and industrial production. Cracks began to appear in the facade of the communist command economy. In 1982, a compromise was reached. Excess food production was allowed to be sold at markets or sold to the State for profit. Free enterprise was sanctioned and small export firms were established to try to sell on the export markets. Planning started to unravel from the rigid communist system and decentralization was allowed to flourish. This activity culminated with the Doi Moi reforms to economic activity. Doi Moi (Vietnamese Perestroika) combined free market incentives (profit!) with government planning. The program abolished agricultural

The French imperialised Vietnam and negatively reconstructed their flourishing economy. When the imperialists came to Vietnam in 1887 they immediately took control of their economy and also began stripping the Vietnamese of their resources .According to (alphahistory.com),

Vietnam was a French colony dating back to mid 1800s. Vietnam was meant as a farming colony where they would grow things such as tobacco, tea, and coffee. The French treated their colony poorly by denying civil

The economy is known as a new emerging economy especially after entering WTO in 2007. The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has increase considerably and the GDP is over 8% in the period of three years (2005-2007). Nonetheless, it is clear that the economic instability occurs after WTO accession of Vietnam 1 year. Consequently, the economy has suffered surging inflation as well as trade and fiscal deficit. (Figure 1)

Vietnam has a very rich history that often goes unnoticed and unaccounted for, this is most likely due to the war being such a big landmark in the history of Vietnam. Before the war many events transpired that would eventually lead up to the war. In the late 19th century Vietnam was considered to be a French colony. The French built their own standing infrastructure, they began to build railways and roads and bridges. All of this building meant heavy taxation on the Vietnamese. This was all good and progressive for vietnam however “Naturally the Vietnamese wanted independence.” (http://www.localhistories.org/viethist.html) From there Ho Chi Minh founded a revolution and within 20 years Vietnam came under Ho Chi Minh rule.

For most of Vietnam?s history the country has been under foreign rule, primarily by the Chinese. Domination of the region by the French began in 1860, and by the late 19th century they had colonised a number of places around the

For centuries Vietnam had been under Chinese rule. The Vietnamese people were an oppressed society and were exploited by the Chinese. Forced labour was brought upon the Vietnamese people, and there were many tyrannical Chinese governers along with constant demands of tribute for the Chinese rulers. There had been many revolts by

To a degree, the French did bring some commercial and economic activity to Vietnam in the form of rubber and agricultural production and developed architecture in the cities like harbors, roads, schools and sewage removal. They also developed a system for delivering fresh water. However, the French did not do this to benefit the Vietnamese, rather, they did it to make money, educate the workforce and develop a successful

In the institutional context, North Vietnam’s effective civ-mil relations were exemplified by their strategy called “dau tranh” (meaning struggle). The two kinds of dau tranh, political and military, were tied together to achieve North Vietnam’s ultimate objective. Even though there were debates about how to implement the strategy, these debates reflected North Vietnam’s healthy civ-mil relations. Despite the disputes, political activities were matched by

The war during the period of 1954 through 1975 crippled the economy of Vietnam, suffering over 1.5 million military and civilian deaths, the country also suffered from the mass exodus of refugees leaving which included business professionals, virtually no economic growth in Vietnam due to many reasons. Among them was their economy was dominated by small scale production, low labor force, material and technical shortfalls as well as insufficient food and consumer goods. By 1986 however, Vietnam had launched new political and economic renewal campaigns which were helped this small country go from a centrally planned economy and move into market socialism. By the 1990 the

The economic grew slowly under the government’s planned economy system. In 1986, the government launched its “socialist-oriented market economy program (Doi Moi), which supported the creation of privately owned enterprises and foreign investment. The economy grew at an annual of 7 percent and poverty was reduced by 50 percent. Since 2001, Vietnam has had one of world’s fastest growing economies. Vietnam has signed a free trade agreement with the European Union and when the deal takes effect next year, tariffs will be eliminated on 90 of European goods entering Vietnam, which will make the country a distribution hub, according to Phil Hogan, the EU’s commissioner for Agriculture and Rural Development. This will create for more jobs for the Vietnamese working class and continue to spur economic

The Vietnamese history according to Jonathan Neale, have a long time battle of invasion and colonization by foreigners. Vietnam is a united nation who’s willing to fight and protect their lands and freedom from their enemy with bloods and souls. Before the Vietnam War begins, Vietnam is of one French’s colony in Southeast Asian along with Laos and Cambodia in the late 1800’s, which collectively called the Indo-China. When the French took over Vietnam, they started to change the Vietnamese’s economy by minimizing the local resistance under the “divide and strategy” rule to prevent the Vietnamese unity by creating caste system between local landlords and rice farmers. Under this rule, the landlord’s job is to take over all the lands from the

Moreover, even though producing in Vietnam would suppose a strong saving in cost in the labor-intensive processes, the risk of mold duplications and counterfeits is high. The imitation of the company’s products would eliminate the differentiation that allows them to charge a much higher price than the local manufacturers (15$ compared to 3$). Also, the company lacks of experience establishing a wholly owned subsidiary in a new country.

Vietnam is politically very stable and with one party control i.e. Communist Party, the country continues to achieve higher political stability. “Political” aspect is very important for Vietnam as the country continues to have many State Owned Enterprises (SOE) that play major roles in economy of the country. Therefore, it is important for Vietnam to have a stable government that is able to provide good governance and control over SOEs and other business activities. There are some good decisions taken by current government such as freedom of press. However, the country faces some disputes over certain matters such as Vietnam – China and U.S. – Vietnam tensions are major concerns for government. These tensions make it difficult for government to

This study was conducted to (a) determine which market is the most dynamic for Thai exports, (b) measure the intensity of trade between Thailand and its regional trading partners and (c) test whether the modified Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index, which was developed based on the gravity trade model, is applicable for measuring Thailand’s competitiveness resulting from its border trade policy. The RCA index is typically applied based on three conceptual points. First, the trade balance index (TBI) can be used to indicate whether GMS countries are net exporters or importers. Second, the trade balance is typically decomposed by product and country (i.e., bilateral trade balance). Relevance refers to the degree of concentration of trade imbalances