What Are the 3 Types of RNA?
Answer – The three types of RNA are messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Explanation:
All information necessary for coding proteins is a part of DNA, and different types of RNA use this information to synthesize proteins in cells.
There are 3 types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA): This type of RNA is involved in DNA transcription. With the help of the enzyme RNA polymerase, genetic information contained in DNA is transcribed or copied into mRNA. Then, the nucleotide bases of the mRNA pair with one another (adenine with uracil and cytosine with guanine), preparing it for the next stages of protein synthesis.
2. Transfer RNA (tRNA): This type of RNA has a clover leaf shape and plays a crucial role in DNA translation. Its main function is to read the mRNA codons (sequences of 3 nucleotides corresponding to specific amino acids) and translate them into the required amino acid sequences, resulting in a polypeptide chain.
3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): Ribosomes in cells are composed of several proteins and rRNA. During translation, they move along mRNA, converting the amino acid sequences into polypeptide chains alongside stabilizing the binding of tRNA molecules. rRNA’s role is to assist in the creation of peptide bonds between amino acids.
All three types of RNA thus perform varying but supporting functions in protein synthesis.
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