Answer – A hypotonic solution is one that has a lower concentration of solutes when in comparison to another solution that is separated from it by a semipermeable membrane.
Explanation:
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of solids and liquids, the solids being the solutes and the liquids being the solvents.
The term ‘hypotonic solution’ is a relative one, where the solution is being compared to another one. When a solution is hypotonic, this means that it has less solute (solid) and more solvent (liquid) when compared to the other solution (which is considered ‘hypertonic’). Frequently, the two solutions are in very close proximity with only a semi permeable membrane between the two. The difference in solute concentrations (or tonicity) also causes a movement of the solvent from the area where it is (relatively) abundantly present to an area where its concentration is low. Thus, the solvent flows from the hypotonic solution to the hypertonic solution.
This concept is important in biology, as solutions in cells may become hypertonic (they are said to be dehydrated). In this case, if the solution surrounding them is hypotonic, they are able to draw in the solvent (mostly water) from it.
