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Arthur James, Earl of Balfour (1848–1930)
Balfour, Arthur James (bal’för). An English author and statesman; born, July 25, 1848; died in 1930. He was educated at Eton, and at Trinity College, Cambridge, from which he graduated in 1873. He was lord rector of Glasgow University, and Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh. He was Chief Secretary for Ireland in 1887, and First Lord of the Treasury, 1891–92, and again in 1895. In 1902 he succeeded his uncle, Lord Salisbury, as prime minister, his government lasting until 1905. He was later First Lord of the Admiralty (1915–16) and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1916–19). He is the author of ‘A Defence of Philosophic Doubt’ (1879); ‘Essays and Addresses’ (1893); ‘Foundations of Belief’ (1895); ‘Criticism and Beauty’ (1909); ‘Theism and Humanism’ (1915). (See Critical and Biographical Introduction).