1. Balance the following redox reactions. Show your work.Mn2+ (in acidic solution)Ia. Mn0I2b. SO3 Mn04SO2Mn02 (in basic solution)Fe02 CI (in acidic solution)C. Fe(OH)3 + OcI -d. VO3 Fe2+ -> VO2+ + Fe3+ (in acidic solution)

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Chemistry

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Chapter18: Electrochemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19Q: What is electrochemistry? What are redox reactions? Explain the difference between a galvanic and an...

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Consider a concentration cell that has both electrodes made of some metal M. Solution A in one compartment of the cell contains 1.0 M M2+. Solution B in the other cell compartment has a volume of 1.00 L. At the beginning of the experiment 0.0100 mole of M(NO3)2 and 0.0100 mole of Na2SO4 are dissolved in solution B (ignore volume changes), where the reaction M2+(aq)+SO42(aq)MSO4(s) occurs. For this reaction equilibrium is rapidly established, whereupon the cell potential is found to be 0.44 V at 25C. Assume that the process M2++2eM has a standard reduction potential of 0.31 V and that no other redox process occurs in the cell. Calculate the value of Ksp for MSO4(s) at 25C.
Consider only the species (at standard conditions) Na+, Cl, Ag+, Ag, Zn2+, Zn, Pb in answering the following questions. Give reasons for your answers. (Use data from Table 17-1.) a. Which is the strongest oxidizing agent? b. Which is the strongest reducing agent? c. Which species can be oxidized by SO42 (aq) in acid? d. Which species can be reduced by Al(s)?
In biological systems, acetate ion is converted to ethyl alcohol in a two-step process: CH3COO(aq)+3H+(aq)+2eCH3CHO(aq)+H2OE=0.581V CH3CHO(aq)+2H+(aq)+2eC2H5OH(aq)E=0.197V (E°' is the standard reduction voltage at 25°C and pH of 7.00.) (a) Calculate G°' for each step and for the overall conversion. (b) Calculate E°' for the overall conversion.
In some old European churches, the stained-glass windowshave so darkened from corrosion and age that hardly anylight comes through. Microprobe analysis showed that tinycracks anddefects on the glass surface were enriched ininsoluble Mn(III) and Mn(IV) compounds. From AppendixE, suggest a reducing agent and conditions that might successfullyconvert thesecompounds to soluble Mn(II) withoutsimultaneously reducing Fe(III) (which gives the glassits colors) to Fe(II). Take MnO2 as representative of theinsoluble Mn(III) and Mn(IV) compounds.
In theory, most metals should easily corrode in air. Why? A group of metals called the noble metals are relatively difficult to corrode in air. Some noble metals include gold, platinum, and silver. Reference Table 17-1 to come up with a possible reason why the noble metals are relatively difficult to corrode.
Consider the following galvanic cell: Label the reducing agent and the oxidizing agent, and describe the direction of the electron flow.
An aqueous solution of an unknown salt of vanadium is electrolyzed by a current of 2.50 amps for 1.90 hours. The electroplating is carried out with an efficiency of 95.0%, resulting in a deposit of 2.850 g of vanadium. a How many faradays are required to deposit the vanadium? b What is the charge on the vanadium ions (based on your calculations)?
An aqueous solution of an unknown salt of gold is electrolyzed by a current of 2.75 amps for 3.39 hours. The electroplating is carried out with an efficiency of 93.0%, resulting in a deposit of 21.221 g of gold. a How many faradays are required to deposit the gold? b What is the charge on the gold ions (based on your calculations)?
Consider the following standard reduction potentials: Tl+(aq)+eTl(s)Ered=0.34VTl3+(aq)+3eTl(s)Ered=0.74VTl3+(aq)+2eTl+(aq)Ered=1.28V and the following abbreviated cell notations: (1) Tl|Tl+Tl3+,Tl+|Pt (2) Tl|Tl3+Tl3+,Tl+|Pt (3) Tl|Tl+Tl3+|Tl (a) Write the overall equation for each cell. (b) Calculate E° for each cell. (c) Calculate G° for each overall equation. (d) Comment on whether G° and/or E° are state properties. (Hint: A state property is path-independent.)
The saturated calomel electrode. abbreviated SCE. is often used as a reference electrode in making electrochemica1 measurements. The SCE is composed of mercury in contact with a saturated solution of calomel (Hg2Cl2). The electrolyte solution is saturated KCI. is +0.242 V relative to the standard hydrogen electrode. Calculate the potential for each of the following galvanic cells containing a saturated calomel electrode and the given half-cell components at standard conditions. In each case. indicate whether the SCE is the cathode or the anode. Standard reduction potentials are found in Table 17.1. a. Cu2++2eCu b. Fe3++e-Fe2+ c. AgCl+e-Ag+Cl- d. Al3++3eAl e. Ni2++2eNi
What is electrochemistry? What are redox reactions? Explain the difference between a galvanic and an electrolytic cell.

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1. Balance the following redox reactions. Show your work. Mn2+ (in acidic solution) I a. Mn0 I2 b. SO3 Mn04SO2Mn02 (in basic solution) Fe02 CI (in acidic solution) C. Fe(OH)3 + OcI - d. VO3 Fe2+ -> VO2+ + Fe3+ (in acidic solution)