1.) Give one example of a cis-acting regulatory element.

Q: Briefly outline the roles of ribosome-associated chaperones, hsp70, hsp90, and chaperonins in…

A: Protein folding is the physical process by which a protein chain acquires its native…

Q: Describe results that could be obtained from ribosomeprofiling that would indicate the existence of…

A: Ribosome profiling is a technique which is based on deep sequencing of ribosome protected fragments…

Q: 7. A proteolytic enzyme has the following action:

A: Proteolytic enzymes are also known as proteases. Body has various proteolytic enzymes like pepsin,…

Q: Describe stabilizing multiprotein complexes.

A: The mechanism that stabilizes multiprotein complex comes under biophysics.

Q: Define Capping protein

A: Capping protein is a protein complex and it binds in a calcium-independent manner to the first…

Q: What is the function of regulatory proteins?

A: Regulatory proteinsare those proteins that can influence the gene regulation process of DNA sequence…

Q: Describe the structure and function of tRNA

A: BASIC INFORMATION  RNA  It stands for Ribonucleic acid. They are of three types;  messenger RNA…

Q: What are the things we can do to avoid COVID 19?

A: COVID-19 virus is said to be transmitted through air or droplets containing the virus. It could also…

Q: Explain the Ringlike Structure of SMC Protein Complexes.

A: SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) complexes include condensin, cohesin and the SMC5-SMC6…

Q: What is transpeptidation and why is it important to both the celland to clinical medicine?

A: A peptide is a compound consisting of two or more amino acids linked in a chain in which the…

Q: 10. (a) Provide the scheme of Merrifield peptide synthesis with suitable example. (b) Describe the…

A: Amino acids are biomolecules that are comprised of two functional groups, these are an amino group…

Q: Define cis-regulatory element

A: Genes are the basic biological unit of heredity. They are a segment of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)…

Q: Describe some of the evidence that supports the binding change mechanism.

A: Binding change mechanism is observed in ATP synthase enzyme which is found in chloroplast and…

Q: List two similarities and two differences between bacterial and eukaryotic regulatory proteins

A: The prokaryotic cells can only regulate gene expression by controlling the amount of transcription…

Q: RNA polymerase subunits comprising the core enzyme are a.α b.β c.δ d.σ e.ω

A: RNA POLYMERASE It is a multi-subunit enzyme. It is composed of five subunits…

Q: What are  the differences between the MWC model and the KNF model of allosteric regulation of…

A: Several models explain the behavior of the allosteric proteins. The concerted model is proposed by…

Q: Define the following terms: a. cotranslational transfer b. SRP receptor protein c. posttranslational…

A: SECIS  is selenocysteine insertion sequence.

Q: The growing peptide extends out of a tunnel located above the ...   A) A site B) P Site C) F…

A: Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, one small and one large. Four binding sites are located on…

Q: ______________ Proteins Function in Several Quality-Control Steps of Translation.

A: Translation is one of the important processes that take place in the central dogma. The proteins are…

Q: My research goal is to identify the molecular mechanisms and factors which affect the regulatory…

A: Introduction  The expression of genes is highly regulated in both prokaryotes as well as in…

Q: 2.) Give one example of a trans-acting regulatory protein.

A: In context of transcription, a trans-acting element is usually a DNA sequence that contains a gene.…

Q: 1.11 Which post-translational modification prepares proteins for degradation? O Ubiquitinylation O…

A: Post translation modification also called PTM's. These are the few modifications which takes place…

Q: Define about cis-acting regulatory element ?

A: Genes are generally referred to as the basic unit of heredity. They are a part of DNA, and are…

Q: describe what are ribonucleoprotein

A: Nucleoproteins tend to be positively charged thereby enabling interactions with the nucleic acids…

Q: Define the three types of regulation involving RNA ?

A: Introduction: Gene regulation is the process of controlling the expression of genes by varying the…

Q: 8. Explain the formation of (a) beta bends, (b) beta loops, and (c) beta sheets

A: Beta sheet also known as beta pleated sheets. Glycine proline,asparagine and aspartic acid most…

Q: What would happen if an ER signal sequence was attached to a cytosolic protein?

A: Protein synthesis occurs in the ribosome present in the cytoplasm of the cells. Ribosomes can be…

Q: Explain how features of a riboswitch can change when activated by excess metabolite concentration.

A: A riboswitch is considered as the molecule of mRNA, which has a regulatory part. This regulation…

Q: Explain what differences or attributes of RNA vs of DNA that allow RNA to be a genetic-carrying as…

A: DNA and RNA are the two primary forms of nucleic acids. DNA and RNA are both composed of…

Q: Define the following terms: a. peptidyl transferase center b. GTPase associated region c. 70S…

A: Ribosomes are the molecules that plays an important role in the translation process. The translation…

Q: Which of the proteins is changing at the slowest rate and is most conserved?

A: Evolution can be defined as the change in the characteristics that are inherited over generations of…

Q: Define quorum sensing and provide examples of cellular processes regulated by quorum sensing

A: Bioluminescence is the process of generation and emission of light(chemiluminescence) by a living…

Q: Discuss Covid-19

A:

Q: 1. A) Explain this statement, “Most enzymes are gene-encoded proteins, but most enzymes are not only…

A: Enzymes are the catalysts, which are composed of proteins. They help in enzyme catalysis, in which…

Q: Define the following terms: a. posttranslational modification b. transpeptidation c. translocation…

A: Translation is the process by which protein is synthesized by translating the mRNA molecule to…

Q: Explain Activator protein families?

A: DNA and RNA are the genetic elements present in almost all cells. DNA encodes for proteins through…

Q: Explain why release factors are called “molecular mimics.”

A: Molecular mimicry is the occurrence of common B or T cell reactive epitopes between the microbes and…

Q: ou are a bacteriologist studying a pathogenic protein (the “BAD” protein) that contributes to…

A: B -Asx A - alanine D =Asprtic acid   a. K -  b. D Lysine - Aspartic acid AAA, AAG - GAT, GAC

Q: Describe the key structural features of a tRNA molecule.

A: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding,…

Q: How exactly do I identify a tRNA with respect to mRNA? Ie: What exactly does the tRNA do and how is…

A: Transfer RNA or tRNA is a member of a nucleic acid family called ribonucleic acids. RNA molecules…

Q: Identify and define the two essential structural areas of a tRNA molecule

A: Transfer RNAs are coded by a number of genes, and are usually short molecules, between…

Q: Describe two special reaction sites on the tRNA

A: Full name of tRNA is transfer RNA. It acts as the supplier of amino acid to ribosome at the time of…

Q: What properties allow RNA molecules to act as catalysts?

A: Ribonucleic acids (RNA) is a polymeric molecule made of four nucleic acid bases guanine (G),…

Q: Distinguish allosteric regulation and covalent modification

A: Enzymes are catalysts that increase the pace of the chemical reaction without undergoing any change…

Q: Describe the major structural features of tRNA.

A: Ribonucleic (RNA) nucleic acid, which is of three main types such as mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA and all…

Q: Define the following terms:a. decoding centerb. peptidyl transferase centerc. GTPase-associated…

A: Nucleic acid can be defined as the molecule which carries the information of the cell and that…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.