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- How do expansionary, tight, contractionary, and loose monetary policy affect aggregate demand?Regarding the Financial Crisis that resulted from the Covid pandemic. A) Analyze what lead up to it, in terms of political and economic policy, starting at the Obama Presidency and include the actions of the Federal Reserve. B) Analyze the Goverment's and the Federal Reserve's response to the crisis, the legal changes, policy changes, monetary policy changes, bail outs, stimulus etc. C) Discuss whether the policies adopted during the crisis were successful. Analyze whether these policies lead to shortages, supply line insecurity and inflation. Finally include your reccomendations for how to use the government and the federal reserve to finally pull the US out of the crisis.ASAP When the economy is in recession and the Fed wants to do expansionary policy, explain what all 4 types of policies they could undertake.
- Assume that the reserve requirement is 20 percent.Also assume that banks do not hold excess reservesand that the public does not hold any cash. The Feddecides that it wants to expand the money supply by$40 million.a. If the Fed is using open-market operations, will itbuy or sell bonds?b. What quantity of bonds does the Fed need tobuy or sell to accomplish the goal? Explain yourreasoning.1a.Name 2 or more tools that the Fed uses in conducting monetary policy. b.Describe how / why the Fed might use one of these tools.Question 4Suppose a country’s inflation level is higher than desired, and unemployment levels arelower than expected – the central bank decides that the economy is ‘overheated’ andattempts to use the appropriate monetary policy to deal with the situation. Describe,with the help of the appropriate figure, how a central bank might go about implementingsuch monetary policy, the subsequent effects this has on interest rates, the quantity ofmoney in the market, and the process through which this affects the level of expenditurein the economy.
- What are the three instruments of monetary control? Explain. Why does the Federal Reserve prefer to use open market operations? Explain. How can the Federal Reserve use its open market operations to expand or contract the nation’s money and credit supply? Explain in some detail. Describe the workings of the Federal Open market Committee which controls monetary policy. Give a detailed account of how monetary policy works to change interest rates, aggregate demand, and the macroeconomy.5 Feds put $23.5 trillion back into the market, which Went back into the rising bill stock market. However, it was not enough to create stability. What other financial assets did the Fed buy in order to stabilize the market? What did Fed by using quantitive easing 1, 2, and 3? How much did it cost? And how did it affect the market?(a) The Federal Reserve Bank of the United States (i.e., the Fed) is responsible for financing the operations of the federal government. True or false? Explain. (b) Changes in reserve requirements are an effective monetary policy tool that the Fed uses frequently to control the money supply. True or false? Explain.
- 5 You are an FOMC member, and you know that, in the last few recessions, the Fed cut interest rates by around 500 basis points. As the pandemic loomed in early 2020, the bottom of the Fed Funds target range was at 1.5 percent (the Fed only had around 150bp room to cut), while PCE inflation (your favourite inflation measure) was near the 2 percent target. What other options were available to the Fed? How do they work?Briefly, explain how money is created in a modern economy with fractional reserve banking?b. What are the Federal Reserve’s two main monetary policy goals? List the three traditional or conventionaltools of monetary policy – which is used most often?c. Outline how the Fed would respond to a recession in the U.S. As part of your answer show how Fed’s action,impact banks, the money market, and households and firms, ceteris paribus. Include the appropriate graph andequation.Discuss the similarities and differences between monetary policy and fiscal policy as a tool toregulate an economy? no referance material and can you answer me as soon as possible