12. In the figure below, the vertical difference between curves Fand G measures Costs per unit TC ACA Quantity of output Marginal costs. O Average fixed costs. C Sunk costs. d Fixed costs.
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A: a) AFC=TFC/Q AVC=TVC/Q ATC=TC/Q MC=TCn-TC(n-1)
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Q: e following incomplete table describes the costs faced by a firm as it produces an increas antity of…
A: TC=TFC+TVC AVC=TVC/Q MC=change in TC/change in Q fixed cost is independent of output produced.
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A: All the table values can be calculated with the following formulae.
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- What is the relationship between marginal product and marginal cost? (Hint: Look at the curves.) Why do you suppose that is? Is this relationship the same in the long run as in the short run?How would an improvement in technology, like the high-efficiency gas turbines or Pirelli tire plant, affect me lung-nm average cost curve of a firm? Can you draw the old curve and the new one on the same axes? How might such an improvement affect other firms in the industry?Return to Figure 7.7. What is the marginal gain in output from increasing the number of batters from 4 to 5 and from 5 to 6? Does it continue the pattern of diminishing marginal returns? Figure 7.7 How output Affects Total costs
- Automobile manufacturing is an industry subject to significant economies of scale. Suppose there are four domestic auto manufacturers, but the demand for domestic autos is no more than 2.5 times the quantity produced at the bottom of the long-run average cost curve. What do you expect will happen to the domestic auto industry in the long run?A computer company produces affordable, easy-to-use home computer systems and has fixed costs of 250. The marginal cost of producing computers is 700 for the first computer, 250 for the second, 300 for the third, 350 for the fourth, 430 for the fifth, 450 for the sixth, and 500 for the seventh. Create a table that shows the companys output, total cost, marginal cost, average cost, variable cost, and average variable cost. At what price is the zero-profit point? At what price is the shutdown point? If the company sells the computers for 500, is it making a profit or a loss? How big is the profit or loss? Sketch a graph with AC, MC, and AVG curves to illustrate your answer and show the profit or loss. If the firm sells the computers for 300, is it making a profit or a loss? How big is the profit or loss? Sketch a graph with AC, MC, and AVG curves to illustrate your answer and show the profit or loss.Average cost curves (except for avenge fixed cost) tend to be U-shaped, decreasing and then increasing. Marginal cost curves have the same shape, though this may be harder to see since most of the marginal cost curve is increasing. Why do you think that average and marginal cost curves have the same general shape?
- Based on your answers to the WipeOut Ski Company in Exercise 7.3, now imagine a situation where the firm produces a quantity of 5 units that it sells for a price of 25 each. What will be the companys profits or losses? How can you tell at a glance whether the company is making or losing money at this price by looking at average cost? At the given quantity and price, is the marginal unit produced adding to profits?Are fixed costs also sunk costs? Explain.A common name for fixed cost is overhead. If you divide fixed cost by the quantity of output produced, you get average fixed cost. Supposed fixed cost is 1,000. What does the average fixed cost curve look like? Use your response to explain what spreading the overhead means.
- Consider the following cost information for apizzeria:Quantity Total Cost Variable Cost0 dozen pizzas $300 $ 01 350 502 390 903 420 1204 450 1505 490 1906 540 240a. What is the pizzeria’s fixed cost?b. Construct a table in which you calculate themarginal cost per dozen pizzas using theinformation on total cost. Also, calculate themarginal cost per dozen pizzas using theinformation on variable cost. What is therelationship between these sets of numbers?Explain.Draw an example of the Total Fixed Cost, Total Variable Cost, and Total Cost of acompany whose marginal cost is constant for all Q>0. (Please have the quantity (Q) on thehorizontal axis and money on the vertical axis. You do not need to provide thefunctional form or numbers, just the graphs with the appropriate shape)Jeremy worked at a bank with a monthly salary of $1,500. He decided to quit his job and open a bookstore inhis neighborhood. He now pays $500 in rent, $80 in utilities and $120 in wages every month. He also paysthe publisher $5 per book sold. This month Jeremy sold 100 books at the price of $30 per book.a. What was the total revenue this month? Calculate this month’s explicit fixed cost, the variable costand the total cost.b. How much accounting profit did Jeremy make?c. How much economic profit did Jeremy make?d. If Jeremy had not quit his job at the bank, he could have been promoted and got a pay raise of 30percent. How would this affect his accounting profit and his economic profit?