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- 1. What are the important considerations in determining the % ash content and elemental contents of plants under investigation? 2. Suggest other methods of analysis of commercial herbal drugs. Enumerate and discuss each.10. What are the oxidation states of the elements present in S2O3-2?An impurity sometimes found in Ca₃(PO₄)₂ is Fe₂O₃, whichis removed during the production of phosphorus as ferrophos-phorus(Fe₂P). (a) Why is this impurity troubling from an eco-nomic standpoint? (b) If 50. metric tons of crude Ca₃(PO₄)₂ contains 2.0% Fe₂O₃ by mass and the overall yield of phospho-rus is 90.%, how many metric tons of P₄ can be isolated?
- A 1.1324 g sample of magnetite ore was dissolved in concentrated HCl to give a solution that contained a mixture of Fe2+ and Fe3+. Nitric acid was added and the solution was boiled for a few minutes, which converted all of the iron to Fe3+. The Fe3+ was then precipitated as Fe2O3*xH2O by addition of NH3. After filtration and washing, the residue was ignited at a high temp to give 0.5394 g of pure Fe2O3. What is the percent Fe and the percent Fe3O4 in the sample?Borazine, (BH)3(NH)3, is an analog of C6H6, benzene. It canbe prepared from the reaction of diborane with ammonia,with hydrogen as another product; or from lithium borohydrideand ammonium chloride, with lithium chlorideand hydrogen as the other products. (a) Write balancedchemical equations for the production of borazine usingboth synthetic methods. (b) Draw the Lewis dot structureof borazine. (c) How many grams of borazine can be preparedfrom 2.00 L of ammonia at STP, assuming diborane isin excess?The commercial production of nitric acid involves thefollowing chemical reactions:4 NH31g2 + 5 O21g2¡4 NO1g2 + 6 H2O1g22 NO1g2 + O21g2¡2 NO21g23 NO21g2 + H2O1l2¡2 HNO31aq2 + NO1g2 (a) Predict what kind of reaction dopamine is most likely toundergo in water: redox, acid-base, precipitation, or metathesis?Explain your reasoning. (b) Patients with Parkinson’sdisease suffer from a shortage of dopamine and may need totake it to reduce symptoms. An IV (intravenous fluid) bag isfilled with a solution that contains 400.0 mg dopamine per250.0 mL of solution. What is the concentration of dopaminein the IV bag in units of molarity? (c) Experiments withrats show that if rats are dosed with 3.0 mg/kg of cocaine(that is, 3.0 mg cocaine per kg of animal mass), the concentrationof dopamine in their brains increases by 0.75 mM after60 seconds. Calculate how many molecules of dopaminewould be produced in a rat (average brain volume 5.00 mm3)after 60 seconds of a 3.0 mg/kg dose of cocaine.
- How much CaCO3 (in grams) would you need to produce theoretically 500 g of baghdadite, via solid-state sintering, assuming the CaCO3 is the sole source of Ca2+? (nearest whole number) *note that ths solid-state sintering method mix material in stoichiometric ratios. A. 365 gB. 146 gC. 150 gD. 122 g6 a) . For each of Nitrogen-and Sulphur, give the formula and name of the stable compounds with the following oxidation states:i) Nitrogen: -3, -2 and +5.ii) – Sulphur: -2, +2 and +7.b) Describe the ‘major stages, including the physico-chemical principles in the industrial manufacture of sulphuric acid from elemental sulphur.6 a) . For each of Nitrogen-and Sulphur, give the formula and name of the stable compounds with the following oxidation states:i) Nitrogen: -3, -2 and +5.ii) – Sulphur: -2, +2 and +7.b) Describe the ‘major stages, including the physico-chemical principles in the industrial manufacture of sulphuric acid from elemental sulphur.c) Give’ TWO large scale uses each, of sulphuric acid and nitric acid
- Dichromate, Cr2O7 2– , and permanganate, MnO4 – , are both common oxidising agents. When mixed, would acidified dichromate oxidise Mn2+ or would acidified permanganate oxidise Cr3+? Explain what you think would happen and write a chemical equation to show this.3. Halogens in medicines are determined by appropriate methods (Give the answer in the form A2, B5, and so on): A) Bilitrast 1) With silver nitrate after heating with alkali B) Iodoform 2) With silver nitrate when heated C) Sodium bromide 3) Incineration in a flask with oxygen D) Bromized 4) With silver nitrate E) Sodium iodide 5) With sodium hydroxide(i) How does O3react with lead sulphide? Write chemical equation.(ii) What happens when SO2is passed in acidified KMnO4solution?(iii) SO2 behaves with lime water similar to CO2.