2. Twist transcription factors (TF) play key roles in embryonic development and are largely undetectable in normal adult tissues; however, their expression is reactivated during tumor progression and correlates with invasive and metastatic lesions. Transcription of the Twist gene is activated by Wnt signals and the Twist TF represses the gene for E-cadherin. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible, a. Outline the steps from the Wnt signal to the E-cadherin gene (inclusive); e.g., A→B → C (with some clarifications such as "binds to”, “activates”, "represses") b. What are the normal cellular and embryonic (morphological) consequences of Twist expression? How would inappropriate expression contribute to cancer?

2. Twist transcription factors (TF) play key roles in embryonic development and are largely undetectable in normal adult tissues; however, their expression is reactivated during tumor progression and correlates with invasive and metastatic lesions. Transcription of the Twist gene is activated by Wnt signals and the Twist TF represses the gene for E-cadherin. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible, a. Outline the steps from the Wnt signal to the E-cadherin gene (inclusive); e.g., A→B → C (with some clarifications such as "binds to”, “activates”, "represses") b. What are the normal cellular and embryonic (morphological) consequences of Twist expression? How would inappropriate expression contribute to cancer?

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter16: Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6TYK

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

1. How do muscle cells remain differentiated as muscle cells? 2. A mutation occurs in the Drosophila doublesex gene that prevents Tra from binding to the dsx RNA transcript. What would be the consequences of this mutation for Dsx protein expression in males? In females?
1. Which of the following ensures that most genes on one X chromosome are not expressed in female animal cells? a.Knockout b.Circadian rhythm c.Repressors d,X chromosome inactivation 2. Which of the following is a function of histones in the process of gene expression? a.They wrap or unwind DNA and affect which DNA regions are accessible to RNA polymerase. b.They transport mRNA to key regions in the cytoplasm. c.They bind to DNA to increase or decrease transcription. d.They modify newly transcribed mRNA sequences.
6. Suppose a particular gene is required for early development and also later for development of a particulartissue, such as the adult nervous system. By generating a homozygous mutant clone in that tissue of a heterozygote, researchers can circumvent the lethalitythat would result if the entire animal is homozygousfor a loss-of-function mutation in that gene.A technique called MARCM (Mosaic Analysiswith a Repressible Cell Marker) was developed to enable Drosophila geneticists to generate homozygousmutant cell clones that are marked by the presence of areporter protein such as GFP. Marker expression enables the investigator to observe clearly the mutantphenotype within a clone of mutant cells. This technique relies on a yeast protein called Gal80 that is anegative regulator of the Gal4 protein described previously in Solved Problem II. Gal80 binds to Gal4 andprevents it from activating transcription. The idea ofMARCM is that Gal4/UASG-driven GFP expression isblocked by Gal80 throughout…
Which of the following is not true of somatic cell gene therapy? a. White blood cells can be used. b. Somatic cells are cultured, and the desired DNA is introduced into them. c. Cells with the introduced DNA are returned to the body. d. The technique is still very experimental. e. The inserted genes are passed to the offspring.
1. A neuron and a white cell have very different functions. For example, a neuron can receive and respond to electrical signals while a white cell defends the body because it ___________.to. the proteins in neurons are completely different from those in the white cell.b. neurons and white cells in an individual have the same genome.c. the neuron expresses some mRNAs that the white cell does not express.d. Both neurons and white cells are already differentiated cells that do not need to transcribe or translate genes. 2. Which of the following is the main reason for a typical eukaryotic gene to be able to respond to a greater variety of regulatory signals than a typical prokaryotic gene or operon?to. eukaryotes have three types of RNA polymeraseb. RNA polymerases in eukaryotes require general and unspecific transcription factorsc. the transcription of a gened. prokaryotic genes are packed in nucleosomes 3. The distinctive characteristics of different types of cells in a multicellular…
Please help me with the genomics/developmental biology question below: MatchingA. Proto-oncogenesB. Tumor suppressor genes1. _____ Include stimulators of CDK activity2. _____ Hypermethylation of these genes could contribute to tumor formation
1. Embryonic stem cells continuously divide and remain undifferentiated. In order to maintain this pluripotency and continue to divide, which gene set(s) must be expressed? What specific components of cell communication activate the expression of these gene sets? There are 2 parts to this question, be sure to answer both.
8) What makes a liver cell a liver cell and not a brain cell? A) The fact that it is found in an organ known as the liver B) The cells next to the liver cell dictate its identity C) The specific genes that the liver cell contains D) The specific genes that the liver cell expresses 7) The membranes of mictochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria do all of the following except A) Pump ions against concentration gradients B) Generate ATP C) Generate chemical gradients D) Catalyze the reaction of the krebs cycle
1. Contrast positive versus negative regulation of gene expression. Describe the role of the repressor in an inducible system and in a repressible system.
1. True or Flase: Cells must only divide when they receive a signal to divide. 2. BRCA1 is a gene that codes for a tumor suppressor protein. If a person inherits a mutation in BRCA1, it greatly increases his or her risk of developing breast cancer. Are the cancer-causing mutations in the BRCA1 gene more likely to: a) increase expression of the gene b)decrease expression of the gene c)not affect the expression of the gene
1.Which of the following events is NOT involved in anteroposterior axis determination?* a. Dickkopf inhibits Xwnt8 at the posterior regionption 1 b. Cerberus inhibits BMP4 at the posterior region. c. Frizzled-related protein inhibits Xwnt8 at the anterior region d. Cerberus inhibits nodal-related protein at the anterior region 2. Which of the following statements BEST explains the dorsalizing function of the gurken gene?* a. The gurken ligands bind to torpedo receptors of follicles b. The gurken proteins inhibit pipe genes in the dorsal follicle cells. c. The gurken gene is activated at the dorsally located nucleus of the egg. d. The gurken mRNAs are synthesized at the dorsal portion of the egg cel
2. Characterize the differences between tumor cells andnormal cells in terms of the following properties. Incancer cells, how might each of these propertiescontribute to tumor progression?a. contact inhibitionb. autocrine stimulationc. apoptosisd. telomerase expressione. senescence due to telomere shortening