Question 2 1. What is the superhelical density (o) of a closed-circular DNA with a length of 4,200 bp and a linkingnumber (Lk) of 374? What is the superhelical density (o) of the same DNA when Lk = 412? In eachcase, is the DNA negatively or positively supercoiled?S2. The complete genome of the simplest bacterium known, Mycoplasma genitalium, is a circular DNAmolecule with 580,070 bp. Calculate the molecular weight (assume the molecular weight of anucleotide pair is 650 g/mol) and contour length (when relaxed) of this molecule. What is Lko for thisMycoplasma chromosome?@2W3. The T4-like bacteriophage JS98 has a DNA of molecular weight 1.11 x 108 grams/mole (g/mol)contained in a head about 100 nanometers (nm) long.(a) Calculate the length of the DNA molecule (assume the molecular weight of a nucleotide pair is 650g/mol) and compare it with the length of the JS98 head.(b) Consult the online database Genome (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/data-hub/genome/). What isthe exact number of base pairs in the JS98 genome? Provide a citation (make sure it follows theexact format as described in the Biology Style Manual).4. A closed-circular DNA molecule in its relaxed form has an Lk of 500. Approximately how many basepairs are in this DNA? How does the Lk change (increases, decreases, does not change, becomesundefined) in each of the following situations?(a) A protein complex binds, wrapping the DNA round it to form a solenoidal supercoil.(b) One DNA strand is broken.#3E(c) DNA gyrase and ATP are added to the DNA in solution.(d) The double helix is denatured by heat.D4C$4RFVAll sdo in%5TG101^< 6BFGYH*F7&7UNPresenJ★8Home1M(9KEndF10V.)PgUpLPgOnAlt

Introduction-- Dna topoisomerase enzyme act to regulate Dna supercoiling by catalyzing the winding…

4 The complete genome of the simplest bacterium known, Mycoplasma genitalium, is a circular DNA molecule with 580,070 bp. Calculate the molecular weight (assume the molecular weight of a nucleotide pair is 650 g/mol) and contour length (when relaxed) of this molecule. What is Lko for this Mycoplasma chromosome?

4 The complete genome of the simplest bacterium known, Mycoplasma genitalium, is a circular DNA molecule with 580,070 bp. Calculate the molecular weight (assume the molecular weight of a nucleotide pair is 650 g/mol) and contour length (when relaxed) of this molecule. What is Lko for this Mycoplasma chromosome?

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Genomes And Proteomes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TYK

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5’ TAAGCGTAACCCGCTAA CGTATGCGAAC GGGTCCTATTAACGCAC 3’ 3’ ATTCGCATTGGGCGATT GCATACGCTTG CCCAGGATAATTGCGTG 5’ Imagine that the double-stranded DNA molecule shown above was broken at the sites indicated by spaces in the sequence and that before the breaks were repaired the DNA fragment between the breaks was reversed. What would be the base sequence of the repaired molecule? Show the sequence, label the 5’ and 3’ ends and briefly explain the reasoning supporting your answer
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