5. a) State whether the following are true or false and explain why. Frictional and structural unemployment are two words for the same thing. i. ii. If an economy is at full employment, the unemployment rate is zero. b) The AD (Aggregate Demand) curve shows the relationship between general price levels and real GDP. i. State and briefly explain the components of aggregate demand (AD). ii. State four factors that would cause • A fall in aggregate demand • An increase in aggregate demand c) i. What is the accelerator effect Explain the difference between the accelerator and the multiplier. Given that Country X has a nominal GDP of $100,000 and its real GDP is 11. 111.

5. a) State whether the following are true or false and explain why. Frictional and structural unemployment are two words for the same thing. i. ii. If an economy is at full employment, the unemployment rate is zero. b) The AD (Aggregate Demand) curve shows the relationship between general price levels and real GDP. i. State and briefly explain the components of aggregate demand (AD). ii. State four factors that would cause • A fall in aggregate demand • An increase in aggregate demand c) i. What is the accelerator effect Explain the difference between the accelerator and the multiplier. Given that Country X has a nominal GDP of $100,000 and its real GDP is 11. 111.

Exploring Economics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781544336329

Author:Robert L. Sexton

Publisher:Robert L. Sexton

Chapter22: Aggregate Demand And Aggregate Supply

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Why do sticky wages and prices increase the impact of an economic downturn on unemployment and recession?
The table below shows the initial aggregate demand, short-run, and long-run aggregate supply schedules - Price level Aggregate demand (billion $) Aggregate Supply (billion $) Long run Aggregate supply (billion $) 80 1600 400 800 90 1400 600 800 100 1200 800 800 110 1000 1000 800 120 800 1200 800 130 600 1400 800 140 400 1600 800 h. Is there positive or negative cyclical unemployment ? i. Do you have to Increase or decrease GDP? j. Should the country implement expansionary or contractionary policy?
The economy of Country X has an actual unemployment rate that is less than the natural unemployment rate. a) Draw a correctly labeled graph of the long-run aggregate supply, short-run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand curves, and show each of the following: Current Price Level labeled PL1 Current Real Output labelled Y1 Full employment output labeled Yf b) Suppose that investment spending on plant and equipment increases. On your graph in part (a), show the effect of the increase in investment spending on the equilibrium price level and real output in the short run.
1.) The Keynesian AD-AS model describes what happens with price levels when aggregate demand increases. Could you find any evidence from the last ten-fifteen years that might support AD-AS model descriptions of demand-pull inflation, cost-push inflation, and recession? For example, you could find data on the GDP’s of any two countries from 2000 to 2017 to support your findings. 2.) In macroeconomics, the immediate short run is known as a length of time when both input prices and output prices are fixed. In the short-run, input prices are fixed but output prices are variable. In the long run, input prices and output prices can vary. What happens in the immediate short-run when AD falls from AD to AD2 to the price level and output? What happens in the short-run when AD falls from AD to AD2 to the price level and output? What will happen in the long-run?
4. The country of Merryville has an unemployment rate that is greater than the natural rate of unemployment. Using a correctly labeled graph of aggregate demand and aggregate supply, show the current equilibrium real gross domestic product, labeled YC, and price level in Merryville, labeled PLC.
The economy of Moneyland has an actual unemployment rate that is less than the natural unemployment rate. (a) Draw a correctly labeled graph of the long-run aggregate supply, short-run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand curves, and show each of the following. (i) Current price level, labeled PL1 (ii) Current real output, labeled Y1 (iii) Full-employment output, labeled YF (b) Suppose that investment spending on factories and equipment increases. On your graph in part (a), show the effect of the increase in investment spending on the equilibrium price level and real output in the short run. (c) Identify one fiscal policy action the government of Moneyland can use to restore full employment. (d) Assume instead that the government of Moneyland decides not to take any policy action. Will short-run aggregate supply increase, decrease, or stay the same in the long run? Explain.
The economy of Moneyland has an actual unemployment rate that is less than the natural unemployment rate. (a) Draw a correctly labeled graph of the long-run aggregate supply, short-run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand curves, and show each of the following. (i) Current price level, labeled PL1 (ii) Current real output, labeled Y1 (iii) Full-employment output, labeled YF (b) Suppose that investment spending on plant and equipment increases. On your graph in part (a), show the effect of the increase in investment spending on the equilibrium price level and real output in the short run. (c) Identify one fiscal policy action the government of Moneyland can use to restore full employment. (d) Assume instead that the government of Moneyland decides not to take any policy action. Will short-run aggregate supply increase, decrease, or stay the same in the long run? Explain.
What is the relationship between potential output and the natural rate of unemployment? a. If the economy currently has a frictional unemployment rate of 2 percent, structural unemployment of 2 percent, seasonal unemployment of 2 percent what is the natural rate of unemployment? Where is the economy operating relative to its potential GDP? b. What happens to the natural rate of unemployment and potential GDP if cyclical unemployment rises to 3 percent with other types of unemployment unchanged from part a? c. What happens to the natural rate of unemployment and potential GDP if structural unemployment falls to 1.5 percent with other types of unemployment unchanged from part a?
Q6 The AS curve has a positive slope because of which set of events? Select one: a. Increase in the level of output and income which results in higher unemployment rate. The higher the unemployment rate, the lower the number of people employed. This results in higher nominal wage bargaining, which then results in firms charging lower prices. b. An increase in nominal wage bargaining results in high unemployment rate, which results in higher price levels in the economy. Hence an upward sloping AS curve c. An increase in the level of output and income, results in higher employment level and lower natural rate of unemployment. This results in high nominal wage bargaining, and firms will be forced to increase their price levels. Hence an upward sloping AS curve d. An increase in the level of output and income, results in higher employment level, and lower rate of unemployment. This results in high nominal wage bargaining, and firms will be forced to increase their price levels. Hence an…
Suppose the full-employment level of real output ( Q) for a hypothetical economy is $250 and the price level (P ) initially is 100. Use the short-run aggregate supply schedules below to answer the questions that follow: a. What will be the level of real output in the short run if the price level unexpectedly rises from 100 to 125 because of an increase in aggregate demand? What if the price level unexpectedly falls from 100 to 75 because of a decrease in aggregate demand? Explain each situation, using figures from the table.b. What will be the level of real output in the long run when the price level rises from 100 to 125? When it falls from 100 to 75? Explain each situation.c. Show the circumstances described in parts a and b on graph paper, and derive the long-run aggregate supply curve.
2.1. In Figure 2 above, what are the factors that may cause the aggregate demand to shift from AD to AD1? What is the difference between demand pull inflation, cost push inflation and recession? 2.2. In macroeconomics, the immediate short run is known as a length of time when both input prices and output prices are fixed. In the short-run, input prices are fixed but output prices are variable. In the long run, input prices and output prices can vary. Describe the AS curve in the Immediate Short run. Describe the AS curve in the Short run. Describe the AS in the Long run.
2.1. In Figure 2 above, what are the factors that may cause the aggregate demand to shift from AD to AD1? What is the difference between demand pull inflation, cost push inflation and recession? 2.2. In macroeconomics, the immediate short run is known as a length of time when both input prices and output prices are fixed. In the short-run, input prices are fixed but output prices are variable. In the long run, input prices and output prices can vary. Describe the AS curve in the Immediate Short run.