5. LO 4 Suppose, as in the federal income tax codefor the United States, that the representative con-sumer faces a wage income tax with a standarddeduction. That is, the representative consumerpays no tax on wage income for the first x units ofreal wage income, and then pays a proportionaltaxt on each unit of real wage income greater thanx Therefore, the consumer's budget constraintgiven by C wh -D + if wh- D=x., orC (1-wh-D+ tx+ if_wCh = D2Now, suppose that the government reducestax deduction x Using diagrams, determine theeffects of this tax change on the consumer, andexplain your results in terms of income and substitution effects. Make sure that you consider twocases. In the first case, the consumer does not payany tax before x is reduced, and in the secondcase, the consumer pays a positive tax before xis reduced

Case 1In the first case when consumers do not pay taxes earlier, a reduction in tax deduction can…

Answered: 5. LO 4 Suppose, as in the federal…

Principles of Microeconomics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305971493

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter12: The Design Of The Tax System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2PA

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

4. Suppose that there are two households in the economy, A and B, that they face the same wage rate w, and that the government initially uses a proportional income tax according to which each household must pay a fraction t of its labor income as income tax. Assume that given this tax scheme household A chooses to work full time while household B chooses to work part time. Now suppose that the government is interesting in studying the impact of changing the tax system to a progressive tax system where the household work- ing full time would pay a tax rate th >t while the household working part time would pay a rate ti < t. (a) Draw a graph of the impact of this change on the budget constraint that households face with the two different tax systems. (b) What would such a change in the tax system imply for the optimal choice of the two households?
(Last Word) The combined cost of Social Security and Medicare programs was what percent of U.S. GDP in 2008 (A) 7.6 (B) 12.4 (C) 17.2 (D) 2.9
Wealth, earnings, and disposable income are just three of several ways of looking at inequality. Imagine a household that earns $80,000 per year from labor. In that year, it also receives an income of $3,000 from investments, pays $12,000 in tax, and receives $7,000 in transfers from the state. Which of the following is its market income and its disposable income? O $83,000; $71,000. O $83,000 $78,000. O $80,000; $68,000. O $80,000; $75,000. J
Suppose the wage is 80 per hour and that the consumer has 100 hours H to work with. Suppose that the MRS is given by c/(l−10) . What will the consumer’s choices of c and l be. Repeat with an upper bound of 10 hours. Repeat both parts with a 10% tax rate for all income levels. Suppose that the tax rate has two brackets so that income from hours above (1/5)H is taxed at 20 percent. How does the solution change? Suppose that consumers must instead pay a lump sum tax that raises the same tax revenues as the one listed above. How will outcomes change?
Suppose demand and supply are given by: (LO3, LO4)Qx d = 14 −  1/2Px and Qx s = 1/4Px  − 1c. How much tax revenue does the government earn with the $12 tax when the new equilibrium quantity is 2 units after tax .
d. Holding Donald's income and Pd constant at $120 and $1 respectively, what is Donald's demand curve for carrots? e. Suppose that a tax of $1 per unit is levied on donuts. How will this alter Donald's utility maximizing market basket of goods? f. Suppose that, instead of the per unit tax in (e), a lump sum tax of the same dollar amount is levied on Donald. What is Donald's utility maximizing market basket? g. The taxes in (e) and (f) both collect exactly the same amount of revenue for the government, which of the two taxes would Donald prefer? Show your answer numerically and explain why Donald prefers the per unit tax over the lump sum tax, or vice versa, or why he is indifferent between the two taxes.
9. True or false? If the statement is false, explain why: LO4 a. An internally held public debt is like a debt of the left hand owed to the right hand. b. The Federal Reserve and federal government agencies hold more than half the public debt. c. As a percentage of GDP, the federal debt held by the public was smaller in 2010 than it was in 1990. d. As a percentage of GDP, the total U.S. public debt is the highest such debt among the world’s advanced industrial nations.
Crusoe will live this period and the next period as the lone inhabitant of his island. His only income is a crop of 100 coconuts that he harvests at the begin- ning of each period. Coconuts not consumed in the current period spoil at the rate of 10 percent per period. (LO5) a. Draw Crusoe’s intertemporal budget constraint. What will be his consump- tion in each period if he regards future consumption as a perfect, one-for- one substitute for current consumption? b. What will he consume each period if he regards 0.8 unit of future consump- tion as being worth 1 unit of current consumption?
8. Suppose the computer industry receives an initial extra income for $100. Think about the multiplier process in the first round. I). How much more income will the wire industry receive in the first round? O. $20 O. $25 O. $45 O. $55 ii). How much income will local workers receive? O. $20 O. $25 O. $45 O. $55
Suppose demand and supply are given by: (LO3, LO4) Qx d = 14 −  1/2 Px and Qx s = 1/4Px  − 1 a. Determine the equilibrium price and quantity. Show the equilibrium graphically. B. Supposed a $ 12 excise tax is imposed on the good. Determine the new equilibrium price and quantity C. How much tax revenue does the government earn with the $12 tax
Suppose George made $20,000 last year and that he lives in the country of Harmony. The way Harmony levies income taxes, each citizen must pay 10 percent in taxes on their first $10,000 in earnings and then 50 percent in taxes on anything else they might earn. So given that George earned $20,000 last year, his marginal tax rate on the last dollar he earns will be __________ and his average tax rate for his entire income will be _________________. a. 50 percent; 50 percent. b. 50 percent; less than 50 percent. c. 10 percent; 50 percent. d. 10 percent; less than 50 percent.
Approximately how many people are employed in the federal bureaucracy? O 1 million-1.4 million O 1.5 million -1.7 million O2 million-2.4 million O 2.5 million - 3 million

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Principles of Microeconomics (MindTap Course List)

Economics

ISBN:

9781305971493

Author:

N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)

Economics

ISBN:

9781305585126

Author:

N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Principles of Microeconomics

Economics

ISBN:

9781305156050

Author:

N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Principles of Microeconomics (MindTap Course List)

Economics

ISBN:

9781305971493

Author:

N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)

Economics

ISBN:

9781305585126

Author:

N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Principles of Microeconomics

Economics

ISBN:

9781305156050

Author:

N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Principles of Economics 2e

Economics

ISBN:

9781947172364

Author:

Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:

OpenStax

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS