Across12.9.) one of twoidéntical halves of areplicatedchromosomes151712.) the structurethat forms duringcytokinesis in plantsseparating the twodaughter cells89.1013.) the condition ofhalving more thantwo sets ofchromosomes per.111213|14Down4.) the complex ofDNA and próteinthat makes upeukaryoticchromosomes151617185.) the condition ofhaving one set ofchromosomes (n)per nucleus19207.) the chromosomecomplex formed bythe synapsis of apair of homologous4.

Name: Across12.9.) one of twoidéntical halves of areplicatedchromosomes1517
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Description: Across12.9.) one of twoidéntical halves of areplicatedchromosomes151712.) the structurethat forms duringcytokinesis in plantsseparating the twodaughter cells89.1013.) the condition ofhalving more thantwo sets ofchromosomes per.111213|14Down4.) the c

Answer. Across 9. Identical half of a replicated chromosome is called Chromatids. 12. The structure…

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9.) one of two idéntical halves of a replicated chromosonmes 12.) the structure that forms during cytokinesis in plants separating the two daughter cells 13.) the condition of halving more than two sets of chromosomes per Down 4.) the complex of DŇA and protein that makés up oukaryoti

9.) one of two idéntical halves of a replicated chromosonmes 12.) the structure that forms during cytokinesis in plants separating the two daughter cells 13.) the condition of halving more than two sets of chromosomes per Down 4.) the complex of DŇA and protein that makés up oukaryoti

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter6: Cytogenetics: Karyotypes And Chromosome Aberrations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3QP: A colleague e-mails you saying that she has identified an interesting chromosome variation at 21q13....

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If you expose a culture of human cells (for example,HeLa cells) to 3H-thymidine during S phase, howwould the radioactivity be distributed over a pair ofhomologous chromosomes at metaphase? Would theradioactivity be in (a) one chromatid of one homolog,(b) both chromatids of one homolog, (c) one chromatid each of both homologs, (d) both chromatids ofboth homologs, or (e) some other pattern? Choose thecorrect answer and explain your reasoning.
8. Using recombinant DNA techniques (which willbe described in Chapter 9), it is possible to take theDNA of a gene from any source and place it on achromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. Whenyou take the DNA for a human gene and put it into ayeast cell chromosome, the altered yeast cell canmake the human protein. But when you remove theDNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome inthe nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correctprotein, even though the gene comes from the sameorganism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensurethat such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?
. Genomes A, B, and C all have basic chromosomenumbers (x) of nine. These genomes were derivedoriginally from plant species that had diverged from each other sufficiently far back in the evolutionarypast that the chromosomes from one genome can nolonger pair with the chromosomes from any other genome. For plants with the following kinds of euploidchromosome complements, (i) state the number ofchromosomes in the organism; (ii) provide terms thatdescribe the individual’s genetic makeup as accurately as possible; (iii) state whether or not it is likelythat this plant will be fertile, and if so, give the number of chromosomes (n) in the gametes.a. AABBCb. BBBBc. CCCd. BBCCe. ABCf. AABBCC
Is it more indicated for ageneticist desiring to map theX chromosome of the motherof a given family (theresearcher does not haveaccess to her DNA, only accessto the genetic material of theoffspring) to analyze thechromosomes of herdaughters or of her sons?
The mitotic cell divisions in the early embryo ofD. melanogaster occur very rapidly (every eightminutes).a. If there were one bidirectional origin in the middleof each chromosome, how many nucleotides wouldDNA polymerase have to add per second to replicate all the DNA in the longest chromosome(66 Mb) during the eight-minute early embryoniccell cycles? (Assume that replication occurs duringthe entire cell division cycle.)
The molecular mechanism of SCE is similar to homologousrecombination between homologs except that the two segmentsof DNA are sister chromatids instead of homologous chromatids.If branch migration occurs during SCE, will a heteroduplex beformed? Explain why or why not. Can gene conversion occurduring sister chromatid exchange?
If you expose human tissue culture cells (for example,HeLa cells) to 3H-thymidine just as they enter Sphase, then wash this material off the cells and letthem go through a second S phase before looking atthe chromosomes, how would you expect the 3H to bedistributed over a pair of homologous chromosomes?(Ignore the effect recombination could have on thisoutcome.) Would the radioactivity be in (a) one chromatid of one homolog, (b) both chromatids of one homolog, (c) one chromatid each of both homologs,(d) both chromatids of both homologs, or (e) someother pattern? Choose the correct answer and explainyour reasoning. (This problem extends the analysisbegun in Solved Problem III.)
Why would an individual with a mutation that prevented the formation of recombination nodules be considered less fit than other members of its species?
Figure 7.2 If a mutation occurs so that a fungus is no longer able to produce a minus mating type, will it still be able to reproduce? Figure 7.2 (a) In animals, sexually reproducing adults form haploid gametes from diploid germ cells. (b) Fungi, such as black bread mold (Rhizopus nigricans), have haploid-dominant life cycles. (c) Plants have a life cycle that alternates between a multicellular haploid organism and a multicellular diploid organism. (credit c fern: modification of work by Cory Zanker; credit c gametophyte: modification of work by Vlmastra/Wikimedia Commons)
The mitotic cell divisions in the early embryo ofD. melanogaster occur very rapidly (every eightminutes).a. If there were one bidirectional origin in the middleof each chromosome, how many nucleotides wouldDNA polymerase have to add per second to replicate all the DNA in the longest chromosome(66 Mb) during the eight-minute early embryoniccell cycles? (Assume that replication occurs duringthe entire cell division cycle.)b. In fact, many origins of replication are active oneach chromosome during the early embryonic divisions and are spaced approximately 7 kb apart. Calculate the average rate (per second) with whichDNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotidesto a growing chain in the early Drosophila embryo,making the same assumption as in part (a)
Look at the two yeast colonies in Figure Q4–3. Eachof these colonies contains about 100,000 cells descendedfrom a single yeast cell, originally somewhere in the mid-dle of the clump. A white colony arises when the Ade2 geneis expressed from its normal chromosomal location. Whenthe Ade2 gene is moved to a location near a telomere, itis packed into heterochromatin and inactivated in mostcells, giving rise to colonies that are mostly red. In theselargely red colonies, white sectors fan out from the middleof the colony. In both the red and white sectors, the Ade2 gene is still located near telomeres. Explain why white sec-tors have formed near the rim of the red colony. Based onthe patterns observed, what can you conclude about thepropagation of the transcriptional state of the Ade2 genefrom mother to daughter cells in this experiment?
I. In humans, chromosome 16 sometimes has a heavilystained area in the long arm near the centromere. Thisfeature can be seen through the microscope but has noeffect on the phenotype of the person carrying it.When such a “blob” exists on a particular copy ofchromosome 16, it is a constant feature of that chromosome and is inherited.A couple conceived a child, but the fetus hadmultiple abnormalities and was miscarried. When thechromosomes of the fetus were studied, it was discovered that it had three copies of chromosome 16 (it wastrisomic for chromosome 16), and that two of thethree chromosome 16s had large blobs. Bothchromosome 16 homologs in the mother lacked blobs,but the father was heterozygous for blobs. Which parent experienced nondisjunction, and in which meioticdivision did it occur?