(a) Hfr1 1 Transfer always begins within F, and the orientation 2 In Hfr1, F is integrated between the leu gene and the azi gene;.... of F determines the thr direction of transfer. thi leu F factor his azi Chromosome gal pro 3.so the genes are transferred beginning with leu. lac leu thr thi his gal lac pro azi Genetic map (b) Hfr5 4 In Hfr5, F is integrated between thi and his. thr thi leu F factor his azi Chromosome 5 F has the opposite orientation in this pro chromosome; so the genes are transferred beginning with thi. gal lac thi thr leu azi pro lac gal his Genetic map The orientation of the F factor in an Hfr strain determines the dırection of gene transfer. Arrowheads indicate the origin and direction of transfer. - leu- thr- thi- his- gal- lac- pro- azi
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
In Figure , which gene on the bacterial chromosome will be transferred last in strain Hfr5?
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