a) How do enzymes catalyze (increase the rate of) reactions? b) What does it mean that enzymes are “substrate specific”? c) How are they usually name

Q: ATP, which is loosely bound to the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase, can be correctly categorized as all…

A: ATP or adenosine triphosphate is considered to be the energy currency of a cell and is synthesized…

Q: There are microorganisms that live in extreme environments like volcanic vents which temperature…

A: Microorganisms that develop at temperatures of 55°C or above (minimum 45°C, optimum 55-65°C, maximum…

Q: Which one is transition and substrate state? What must be true of a and b in order for catalysis to…

A: Enzyme that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy threshold…

Q: What class of enzyme catalyzes the following reaction?

A: Enzymes are specialized proteins that can catalyze all biochemical reactions. They are subdivided…

Q: What is the effect of lower substrate concentration on enzymatic activity?

A: Substrate concentration: [S]

Q: substrate for enzyme B?

A: An enzyme is a protein that is capable of utilizing a specific chemical reaction by accelerating the…

Q: for which purpose bio-catalyst called enzymes are used?

A: Enzymes are proteins which are complex macro-molecules with high molecular weight. They are present…

Q: How does the substrate concentration affect the speed of enzymatic reactions?

A: An enzyme is a type of protein that can be found inside a cell. Enzymes are usually referred to as…

Q: what does the last number in the numeric designation of enzymes refer to?

A: The numeric designation of enzymes is a numerical classification system of enzymes, based on their…

Q: Indicate whether each of the following statements about enzyme terminology is TRUE or FALSE. All…

A: All defined enzymes are basically proteins. For its catalytic activity to be exercised, many enzymes…

Q: The enzyme which catalyzes the reaction below belongs to which enzyme classification? C-0- HC=0 +…

A: Enzyme is basically biocatalyst that increase the rate of chemical reaction without itself being…

Q: What is a catabolic pathway?

A: Biological macromolecule are the molecules that is needed in enough amount for the body . It mainly…

Q: What distinguishes a coenzyme from an ordinary substrate?

A: In a Catalysis process, the rate of the reaction is changed with the help of a substance called a…

Q: Where on an enzyme does the substrate bind?

A: Enzymes are proteinaceous substances capable of altering the rate of chemical reactions without…

Q: Explain why enzymes are considered “biological catalysts” Use the following terms in the…

A: Enzymes are proteinaceous molecules that are present in living systems. Their main function is to…

Q: Why do enzymes act only on very specific substrates?

A: Enzymes are protein molecules that specifically speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical…

Q: List two industrially significant enzymes.

A: The two industrially significant enzymes are :  Protease : has a huge significance in the brewing…

Q: Define the following terms: A) substrate B) cofactor C) coenzyme D) apoenzyme E) holoenzyme

A: Enzymes These are defined as the proteins that help in speeding up metabolism and the  chemical…

Q: What is the substrate for an enzyme?

A: Enzymes can be defined as biological polymers that catalyze biochemical reactions. Enzymes are…

Q: How does the catalytic effectiveness of enzymes compare with that of nonenzymatic catalysts?

A: Non-enzymatic catalysts accelerate reactions however typically show a broad substrate and product…

Q: Can you provide two examples of enzymatic disorders? For each, explain how the disease or disorder…

A: Enzymes are special kinds of proteins that are needed during metabolism to break down food molecules…

Q: Classify each of the following molecules as (1) an oxidizing agent, (2) a reducing agent, or (3)…

A: Oxidation and reduction are the two process that deals with the loss and gain of electrons…

Q: Give the systematic names and the first three digits in the E.C. classifications of the enzymes…

A: Enzymes are biocatalyst. They increase the speed of reaction by lowering the activation energy. A…

Q: Please explain in detail, why do enzymes have optimal temperatures, pH and salinity?

A: Enzymes are the biological catalyst that accelerates the biochemical reaction in the body. They are…

Q: Given on the image is the pathway wherein I is for intermediate, P is for pathway name and E is for…

A: Carbohydrate metabolism is the central metabolic pathway that involves the metabolic synthesis and…

Q: What amount of catalyst is consumed in the reaction it catalyzes?

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that help in catalyzing or speeding up biological reactions by…

Q: Protein biosynthesis is best described as an example of: a) Catabolism b) Anabolism c)…

A: The term "metabolism" is used to define the collective of all chemical reactions and pathways that…

Q: The enzyme which catalyzes the reaction below belongs to which enzyme classification? C-0 C-0 НС —…

A: Different classes of enzymes perform different functions in the enzymatic regulation of the body's…

Q: What is enzyme specificity?

A: The metabolic processes involve several metabolic pathways each with several chemical reactions…

Q: What is the activation energy for a reaction? Why is activation energy necessary?

A: The enzyme is considered as the catalytic protein, which helps in the catalysis of the chemical…

Q: In two to three sentences, what are the biochemical features and properties of enzymes?

A: Almost all enzymes are the proteins. Enzymes like any proteins have a primary structure ie the…

Q: DURING THE TRANSITION REACTION:   What is the substrate? What are the products?   Why is this…

A: Substrates are the chemical entities that react in the reaction to form products. Products are…

Q: what is the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of reaction?

A: For a typical enzyme,  as the substrate concentration increases , initial velocity increases until…

Q: What is the difference between the core enzyme and theholoenzyme?

A: Introduction Eubacterial RNA Polymerase is a multi-subunit enzyme responsible for the synthesis of…

Q: On what structural level of the enzyme (primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary) does the enzyme-…

A: Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. The enzymes accelerate the biochemical…

Q: Name the components a bioreactor must possess to achieve the desired product?

A: Bioreactor is defined as a vessel that carries out a biological reaction. It is used to culture…

Q: The enzyme which catalyzes the reaction below belongs to which enzyme classification?

A: There are seven classes of enzymes, they are Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Isomerases, Hydrolases,…

Q: Enzyme- substrate products substrate enzyme active site inhibitor complex

A: An enzyme is a biocatalyst that increases the rate of chemical reaction without itself being changed…

Q: What is the difference between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation? Please…

A: Phosphorylation : The transfer of the phosphate group from one compound to the other. Substrate…

Q: What happens to the rate of an enzymatic reaction if the amount of substrate is doubled? Why?

A: Enzymes are a special class of proteins that are known to catalyze biochemical reactions. All the…

Q: What is the defining characteristic for an enzyme catalyzing a sequential reaction? A…

A: The Michaelis-Menten model of enzyme kinetics was derived for single substrate reactions. Enzymatic…

Q: Why can’t enzyme kinetics prove that a particular enzyme mechanism is correct?

A: Enzyme-catalysed reactions along with rate of catalysis does not show a clear response to increasing…

Q: What features of enzymes make them so specific in their action?

A: Enzymes are form of proteins which help in catalyzing different biological reactions. The enzymes…

Q: The conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and molecular oxygen is catalyzed by catalase.…

A: Catalase is an enzyme which contains both protein and non-protein part. The non-protein part present…

Q: The enzyme which catalyzes the reaction below belongs to which enzyme classification? || С—о- HC=0 +…

A: Enzyme accelerates the rate of reaction by reducing the energy required to initiate the reaction,…

Q: Draw an enzyme that has two substrates, include these substrates.  Make sure that the substrate…

A: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that catalyzes the biochemical reactions or processes by lowering the…

Microbial Growth

The development of microbial growth is influenced by various natural conditions (both physical and synthetic) like pH, temperature, saltiness, gas focus (O2, CO2, and H2), nutrients, water action, and assimilation. Knowing the distinctive physical and chemical factors that influence the development and endurance of microbial growth in the climate will assist with reinforcing endeavors outfitted towards their control. These lines lessen or diminish their harmful impacts on humankind, creatures, and the climate.