A mass of 3 kg of water contained in a piston–cylinder assembly expand from an initial state where T1 = 551°C, p1 = 700 kPa to a final state where T2 = 224°C, p2 = 300 kPa, with no significant effects of kinetic and potential energy. It is claimed that the water undergoes an adiabatic process between these states, while developing work. Evaluate entropy production in Joules/k.

Q: A turbine designed for an output of 100 MW receives superheated steam with the following conditions;…

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Q: A reversible non-flow process occurs from which the work is 9.4 BTU. If the pressure varies as P =…

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Q: Water contained in a closed, rigid tank, initially at 100 lbf/in2, 800oF, is cooled to a final state…

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Q: Three pounds mass of water in a piston-cylinder assembly, initially a saturated liquid at 45 lb/in²,…

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Q: Refrigerant 22 enters a compressor operating at steady state and is compressed adiabatically to a…

A: As for the internally reversible or isentropic compression the power input will be least form the…

Q: 3. At 335 °C, a steam turbine receives 800 kPa of steam. Then expand to a pressure of 0.02 MPa in an…

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Q: 1.62 kJ/kg⋅K. The initial pressure is 553.3 kPa. Determine the work steady flow of the process in hp…

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Q: One-quarter Ibmol of oxygen gas (O2) undergoes a process from p1 = 20 lbf/in?, T1 = 500°R to p2 =…

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Q: Steam at a massflow rate of 10 kg/s at 5 MPa and 600 °C enters an insulated turbine operating at…

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Q: Consider the device shown below operating at steady-state using steam as the fluid. For every kg of…

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Q: Air initially at P1=920 kPa and T1=800K and V1=0.13m^3, expands isentropically, if the work produced…

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Q: A quantity of gas at 1.4 bar and 25 oC occupies a volume of 0.1 m3 in a cylinder behind a piston is…

A: Introduction: The reversible compression of the gas occurs in an endless number of tiny stages, with…

Q: There is no entropy transfer associated with energy transfer as work? Explain.

A: The energy transfer from the system is in the form of work represents that the energy transfer from…

Q: Consider 5.0 pounds per minute of water vapor at 100 lb/in2, 500°F, and a velocity of 100 ft/s…

A: Given Data The mass of the water vapor is: ms=5 lb/min The pressure of the vapor is: P1=100 lbf/in2…

Q: An oxygen gas R = 0.2598 KJ/kg°k and k = 1.395. If 4 kg of oxygen undergo a reversible non flow…

A: Given Data: Process : Reversible Non Flow Constant Pressure Gas Constant R = 0.2598 KJ/Kg °k  k =…

Q: Refrigerant 134a at p1 = 30 lb/in?, T1 = 40°F enters a compressor operating at steady state with a…

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Q: The air is compressed in a compressor. Before compression, the pressure and specific volume of air…

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Q: 1. Air in a closed system undergoes an internally-reversible expansion with constant pressure from…

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Q: 5. The entropy during adiabatic reversible process (a) increases decreases remains constant (d)…

A: These questions are based on the concept of thermodynamics.

Q: An adiabatic air compressor compresses 20L/s of air at 100 kPa and 25 °C to 900 kPa and 250 °C.…

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Q: An ideal gas, initially at 30°C and 100 kPa, undergoes the following cyclic processes in a closed…

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Q: One-quarter lbmol of oxygen gas (O2) undergoes a process from p1 = 20 lbf/in2, T1 = 500oR to p2 =…

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Q: No entropy accompanies work as it crosses the system boundary. But entropy may be generated within…

A: Entropy can enter a system boundary only through heat transfer or mass transfer. As heat and mass,…

Q: Water contained in a closed, rigid tank, initially at 100 lbf/in2, 800oF, is cooled to a final state…

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Q: 4. In part of a Carnot cycle, water undergoes two internally reversible processes shown in the…

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Q: Saturated water vapor at 300°F enters a compressor operating at steady state with a mass flow rate…

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Q: Steam enters a converging-diverging nozzle operating at steady state with P-40 bar, T-400°C, and a…

A: Steam nozzle is a device which having varying in cross section, in which pressure is reduced by…

Q: For any irreversible process the net entropy change is Zero positive O negative O infinite O unity O

A: Option b is correct.

Q: One kmol of an ideal gas, initially at 303.15 K (30°C) and 1 bar, undergoes the following…

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Q: During a reversible polytropic process, the following data were observed: V1=4.3ft³, p1= 28.2 psia,…

A: Given data: V1=4.3 ft3, P1=28.2 psia=28.2×144 lb/ft2=4060.8 lb/ft2 ; V2=12.8 ft3, P2=12.6…

Q: 7: The heat transfer explicitly for the reversible steady flow process 1-2-3-4-5-3 is shown in the…

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Q: 1 kg of air at a pressure of 8 bar and a temperature of 100°C undergoes a reversible polytropic…

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Q: Ten cu ft of air at 300 psia and 400F is cooled to 140F at constant volume. What are (a) the final…

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Q: The entropy change between two specified states is the same whether the process is reversible or…

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Q: An ice cube (mass 30 g) at 0°C is left sitting on the kitchen table, where it gradually melts. The…

A: given:  mass of ice cube  m=30gT2=250CT1=00C

Q: Unit mass of a fluid at a pressure of 4 bar, and with specific volume of 0.18m/kg, contained in a…

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Q: A piston and cylinder arrangement contains saturated water vapor at 110 deg.C. The vapor is…

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Q: reversible non-flow process occurs from which the work is 9.4 BTU. If the pressure varies as P = -V²…

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Q: The second-law efficiency can also be expressed as the ratio of the useful work output and the…

A: second-law efficiency  It is the ratio of the actual thermal efficiency to the maximum possible…

Q: Two kg water at 95°C with a quality of 40% has its temperature raised 15°C in a constant volume…

A: Calculated new specific entropy.

Q: Q3/A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contained an ideal gas, with a volume of 23 m³, a…

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Q: A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contained an ideal gas, with a volume of 23 m³, a…

A: Given: Initial volume of the gas: →V1=23 m3 Initial temperature of the gas: →T1=17°C=290 K Initial…

Q: Air as ideal gas in the closed system, find the change of entropy from the initial to the final…

A: In the end I have taken the help of unit conversion to get the results in desired unit.

Q: Define reversible work, which is the maximum useful work that can be obtained as a system undergoes…

A: Reversible work is defined as the maximum amount of useful work can be obtained as a system…

Q: Refrigerant 134a enters a well-insulated nozzle at 200 lbf/in.2, 200°F, with a velocity of 120 ft/s…

A: From superheated R 134a properties table: At 200 lbf/in2 and 200°F; h1 = 138.99 Btu/lbm steady flow…

Q: Q19. A quantity of air at a pressure of 100 kN/m² and temperature of 20 °C is compressed according…

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Q: One-quarter lbmol of oxygen gas (O2) undergoes a process from p1 = 20 lbf/in2, T1 = 500oR to p2 =…

A: The first law of thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can never be…

Q: Define Reversible and Irreversible Processes for entropy ?

A: To define. The reversible and irreversible process. Concept used: Reversible process: A reversible…

Q: Refrigerant 134a enters a well-insulated nozzle at 200 Ibf/in.?, 170°F, with a velocity of 120 ft/s…

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Work and Heat Transfer

It is generally related to thermal engineering which tells about the use, creation, conversion and transfer of heat energy between the systems. It is also considered that to transfer heat from one source to another, transfer of masses is also required. There are various mechanisms by which, transfer of heat takes place i.e. thermal conduction, convection, radiation or by change of phase. All these mechanisms have their own specific features which sometimes occur simultaneously within the same system.