A neuron receives a series of stimuli that increases the membrane permeability of Na ', but not enough to cause membrane potential to surpass-55mV. This neuron is said to be O graded. O amplifed. O facilitated. O refractory

A neuron receives a series of stimuli that increases the membrane permeability of Na ', but not enough to cause membrane potential to surpass-55mV. This neuron is said to be O graded. O amplifed. O facilitated. O refractory

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter35: The Nervous System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5RQ: A(n)______neuron has one axon and one____ dendrite extending directly from the cell body. unipolar...

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Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

Question

A neuron receives a series of stimuli that increases the membrane
permeability of Na', but not enough to cause membrane potential
to surpass-55mV. This neuron is said to be
O graded.
O amplihed.
O facilitated.
O refractory

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Neurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons. a. axons b. mitochondria c. dendrites d. Golgibodies
A(n)______neuron has one axon and one____ dendrite extending directly from the cell body. unipolar bipolar multipolar pseudounipolar
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/summation) to learn about summation. The process of converting electrical signals to chemical signals and back requires subtle changes that can result in transient increases or decreases in membrane voltage. To cause a lasting change in the target cell, multiple signals are usually added together, or summated. Does spatial summation have to happen all at once, or can the separate signals arrive on the postsynaptic neuron at slightly different times? Explain your answer.
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurotrans) to learn about the release of a neurotransmitter. The action potential reaches the end of the axon, called the axon terminal, and a chemical signal is released to tell the target cell to do something, either initiate a new action potential, or to suppress that activity. In a very short space, the electrical signal of the action potential is changed into the chemical signal of a neurotransmitter, and then back to electrical changes in the target cell membrane. What is the importance of voltage-gated calcium channels in the release of neurotransmitters?
When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.
What happens when a resting neuron’s membranedepolarizes?(A) There is a net diffusion of Na+out of the cell.(B) The equilibrium potential for K+(EK) becomesmore positive.(C) The neuron’s membrane voltage becomesmore positive.(D) The cell’s inside is more negative than the outside
How do Na + enter a neurone when initiating an action potential? A) voltage- gated Na+ facilitated transporterB) a gated Na+ pumpC) the legend geted Na +channelD) a voltage- gated Na+ channel K) The Na+ /K+ATPage
Neurotransmitters are released from neurons due to the opening of ____________. Select one: a. voltage gated Na channels b. voltage gated K channels c. voltage gated Ca channles d. voltage gated Cl channels e. voltage gated proton channels
When EPSP and IPSP occur simultaneously the postsynaptic membrane :-a- becomes depolarizedb- becomes hyperpolarizedc- initiates an action potentiald- shows potential changes that depend upon the summation of their effects
When a postsynaptic neuron is adequately stimulated, action potentials develop at the initial segment of the axon because :-a- it contains many voltage-gated Na + channelsb- it contains the highest concentration of ligand-gated cation channelsc- it contains many voltage-gated Ca ++ channelsd- it is more sensitive to the direct stimulant effect of neurotransmitters
The difference in charges across the plasma membrane of anunstimulated neuron is calleda. an EPSP.b. the resting membrane potential.c. an IPSP.d. the graded potential.e. the action potential.
A change in the voltage across a neuron’s plasma membranethat makes the neuron less likely to fire an action potential isa. a change that makes the resting potential less negative.b. an excitatory postsynaptic potential.c. an inhibitory postsynaptic potential.d. a change that lowers the threshold.