A plant breeder wants to isolate mutants in tomatoes that are defective in DNA repair. However, this breeder does not have the expertise or equipment to study enzymes in DNA-repair systems. How can the breeder identify tomato plants that are deficient in DNA repair? What are the traits to look for?

Q: Which type of mutation is simulated in the following example?   Wild type: THE ONE BIG FLY HAD…

A: The mutation simulated is point mutation.

Q: What are some of the limitations of genetic maps?

A: Genome mapping or genetic map is the method of finding the locations of genes on each chromosome.  A…

Q: What causes different linear DNA molecules to migrate at different speeds during electrophoresis?

A: In molecular biology many techniques are used for different purpose like PCR is used to generate…

Q: A piece of linear DNA is 700000 base pairs in length and is digested with a restriction enzyme that…

A: Linear DNA is found in prokaryotes, which is linear in shape with two free ends. Restriction enzymes…

Q: Why is targeting a medication like BiDil at African-Americans a flawed idea from an evolutionary…

A: The African Americans patients with congestive heart failures and issues were being prescribed with…

Q: How can the desired product formed after genetic engineering be produced on a commercial scale?

A: Genetic engineering is the technique to alter or manipulate the chemistry of the genetic material…

Q: Why is it helpful to use a computer program to translatea genetic sequence rather than doing it by…

A: the benefits are:

Q: If a mutagen causes bases to be removed from nucleotides withinDNA, what repair system could fix…

A: By the process of mutation, bases are removed from the nucleotides.

Q: If you placed one copy of your gene into a tube and ran a PCR for 3 cycles, how many copies of your…

A: Answer: PCR : PCR is the Polymerase Chain Reaction that is used to multiply the sequence of DNA in…

Q: What is the difference between the mutation rate and the mutation frequency?

A: The basic source of genetic diversity is mutation. Gene mutations involve alteration in the…

Q: Why is artificial selection or selective breeding considered a form of genetic engineering?

A: Genetic engineering is considered a process, where the genetic makeup of an organism can be altered…

Q: A linear piece of DNA is cut by two restriction enzymes. One restriction enzyme will cut the target…

A: Restriction enzyme : These are also known as restriction endonucleases , a protein produced by the…

Q: What are ‘Selectable marker’? What is their use in genetic engineering?

A: Genetic engineering is a technique to manipulate the genetic content of an organism resulting in…

Q: What ingredients are used in PCR?  What role does each ingredient have in replicating DNA?

A: A DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) library is a comprehensive collection of cloned DNA fragments from a…

Q: In modern molecular genetics, what is recombinant DNA, and how is it prepared?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material that carries genetic information in the form of…

Q: w many DNA molecules would exist after 30 PCR cycles?

A: The PCR reaction is one of the breakthroughs in the field of biotechnology. The discovery of PCR has…

Q: What do you think will happen if the melting temperatures of the PCR primers (forward and reverse)…

A: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique, which is used to amplify a small fragment of DNA and…

Q: Which of the following types of physical mutagens produces thymine dimmer mutations? A- gamma rays…

A: Given:       Physical mutagens produces thymine dimmer mutations.

Q: How many different explanations can you think of for the observation that the rate of mutation…

A: A mutation is a change in our DNA sequence that happens as a result of errors in DNA copying or…

Q: How does PCR minimize the problems associated with degraded DNA? What factors can cause DNA to…

A: PCR is Polymerase chain reaction.It is a method widely used to rapidly make millions to billions of…

Q: How is DNA microarray technology used to determine the differences in gene expression?

A: A Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarray is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a…

Q: What are some possible reasons that researchers might be interested in identifying the gene that…

A: ICA(Internal Carotid Artery) is a part of the vascular system which is susceptible to Carotid artery…

Q: How does salt help in the DNA extraction process?

A: DNA is extracted to compare the DNAs from different sources and to study the sequence differences.…

Q: Why RT-PCR is important in the sample preparation to perform expression microarray experiment?

A: RT - PCR : Reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction is one of the types of PCR.  DNA…

Q: What is the effect of excessive exposure to ultraviolet light at the beach or in a tanning salon on…

A: Ultraviolet radiation or UV radiation is an invisible ray emitted by the sun. This ray is also…

Q: What is the importance of human dna extraction and what are the properties of DNA that can be found…

A: DNA extraction is a procedure of isolation and purification of DNA from the nucleus of cells.It was…

Q: are using the restriction enzyme HAEIII to digest different samples of the taster gene isolated from…

A: In gel electrophoresis DNA to be tested is broken down by various restriction endonucleases into…

Q: Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding and separating the parental DNA strands? a polymerase…

A: Each parental strand provides a blueprint for the synthesis of a new complimentary daughter thread…

Q: What are the disadvantages of using genetic engineering to obtain resistant plants?

A: The new genetic material (DNA and genes) has been transfecting or reprogramming cultured…

Q: Is a random mutation more likely to be beneficial or harmful?Explain your answer.

A: Genetic material is nothing but the sequence of nucleic acids which is called as DNA. It contains…

Q: You may have heard of Dolly, the cloned sheep grown from an embryo created in a laboratory. But in…

A: Dolly is the sheep, which is considered as the first genetically modified (GMO) organism, which was…

Q: What are the barriers to getting DNA out of a cell (in particular a plant cell)?

A: Cell is a structural and functional unit of living organisms. Several cells joined together to form…

Q: What is the difference between a transgenic plant and a plant produced through selective breeding?

A: Selective breeding entails pairing up parents with similar characteristics in order to create kids…

Q: During PCR amplification in preparation for DNA sequencing, why were there different colors at the…

A: Polymerase chain reaction is a process by which millions of copies of a specific DNA segment are…

Q: Before the advent of recombinant DNA technology, why was it so diffcult for geneticists to map human…

A: why was it so diffcult for geneticists to map human genes using pedigrees? The limitations to the…

Q: What is the enzyme responsible for methylating DNA? How does a drug like doxorubicin affect DNA…

A: DNA is the nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy ribose nucleic acid in which…

Q: How many copies of a target DNA molecule are made after 30 cycles of PCR?

A: The polymerase chain reaction is a widely used technique for the amplification of DNA. Here, the…

Q: Restriction enzymes look for palindromic sequences of DNA to cut, how does it recognize those…

A: A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves/cuts DNA into fragments…

Q: If you performed PCR to amplify a gene region, and you began with 20 copies of double stranded…

A: PCR or polymerase chain reaction is a method that amplifies DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and it can…

Q: You are studying a new gene “X” that you think controls skin color in Bearded Dragons. In order to…

A: PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction. It is responsible for amplifying the specific region of…

Q: What are the function of southern blotting in DNA FINGERPRINTING?

A: DNA fingerprinting is a technique in which DNA of an individual, obtained from sample such as buccal…

Q: Why do you detect mutations one at a time on PCR? Is there any way to detect multiple mutations in…

A: PCR that is Ploymerase chain reaction is a molecular technique used in the laboratories to amplify…

Q: What are the three types of DNA ends that can be generated after cutting DNA with restriction…

A: A restriction enzyme, also known as a restriction endonuclease, is a bacterial protein that cleaves…

Q: What are gene deserts?

A: Genes carry coded genetic information in the form of specific nucleotide sequences. This specific…

Q: Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for what?

A: Golden rice is a genetically modified crop developed by Peter Bayer and Ingo Potrykus. It is the…

Q: what are the techniques used to detect mutations that affect length of DNA?

A: Mutations are the main cause of diversity among organisms. Mutation is the process that changes the…

Q: In order to make a plant gene sequence functional when added to a bacterial genome, what kinds of…

A: Gene structure is the organization of specialized sequence elements within the gene. Genes contain…

Tissue regeneration & repair

Tissue regeneration involves the restoration of tissue components by regrowth of damaged tissues. In contrast, tissue repair involves patching of injured tissue rather than restoring it. It is the proliferative capacity of the cells that decides the amount of regeneration against the repair that would occur in the tissue. Both regeneration and repair depending on the duration of the injury and response to the inflammation.