A specially constructed velocity-selector accepts a beam of molecules from an oven at a temperature T but blocks the passage of molecules with a speed greater than the mean. What is the mean speed of the emerging beam, relative to the initial value? Treat the system as one-dimensional.

Q: Calculate the average molecular weight of air by mole fraction and mass fraction from its…

A: Mole fraction is ratio of the mole of the substance to the total no. Of moles present in the…

Q: What is the root mean square velocity (in m/s) of Cl at 273.0 K.

A:

Q: Explain and answer  The best laboratory vacuum pump can generate a vacuum of about 1 nTorr. At 25°…

A: Given that, The pressure is P = 1 nTorr = 1×10-9 torr = 10-9×133.322 N/m2 = 1.33×10-7 N/m2, The…

Q: The mean free path of a gas at a temperature T1 and a pressure P1 is 7x10-5 cm. At these temperature…

A: Mean free path (λ) = 7×10-5 cm Number of molecules per unit volume (N) = 2×1018 molecules/cm3 We…

Q: true or false At 298K, N2 molecules have a mean speed of 475 m/s. As a consequence, the probability…

A: Root mean square velocity is occupied by least number or molecules so chances are least.

Q: A gas has a molar volume of 1.5L\mole and a collision diameter of 396 picometers. Its mean-free path…

A:

Q: At what temperature will the most probable speed of the molecules of the second member of the…

A:

Q: The best laboratory vacuum pump can generate a vacuum of about 1 nTorr. At 25 °C and assuming that…

A: Boltzmann constant k = 1.381 ×10-23 J K-1 R = 8.3145 J mol-1 K-1 d = 395 pm or 395 * 10-12 m T = 298…

Q: Calculate the mean speed of (a) He atoms. (b) CH4 moleculesat (i) 79 K. (ii) 315 K. (iii) 1500 K.

A: Given here three different temperature (i) 79 K. (ii) 315 K. (iii) 1500 K. and we are asked to…

Q: A methane molecule may be considered as spherical, with a radius of 0.38 nm. Use this information to…

A: The mean speed of the molecules can be calculated as shown below.

Q: What is the average velocity (m/s) of a molecule of hydrogen at 200.4K?  Do not type units into your…

A: Given Temperature = 200.4°K

Q: For an ideal gas obeying the ideal gas law, P = nRT/V , where R is the gas constant. Write the…

A: Given details, P = nRTV R is the gas constant. n is constant, Therefore, the pressure of the given…

Q: Calculate the root-mean-square velocity for an oxygen molecule at –23 °C.

A: The formula required to calculate root mean square velocity is shown below, Here M is the molecular…

Q: The effect of high pressure on organisms, including humans, is studied to gain information about…

A: Since temperature is constant in this question, we will be using Boyles law to calculate the…

Q: Use the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of speeds to estimate the fraction of CH4 molecules at 298.15…

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Q: Consider Argon (Ar) gas at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature of 300 K. The equivalent hard sphere…

A: We will be using the following formulae for solving the given problems: 1. PV=nRT .. (1) Here, 'P'…

Q: When studying the photochemical processes that can occur in the upper atmosphere, it is important to…

A:

Q: In a commonly used model of the atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure varies with altitude, h,…

A: Relation between Pressure and mass density of a gas of molar mass:

Q: Which of these gases has the largest molar mass? Which hasthe smallest?

A: The given graph of Fraction of molecules vs Molecular speed is related to the kinetic molecular…

Q: Use the ideal gas law and Dalton’s law of partial pressures to prove that the mole fraction of gas…

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Q: The molecular diameter of CO is 3.19 x 10^–8 cm. At 300 K and a  pressure of 100 mm Hg what will be…

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Q: At what pressure will the mean free path in room-temperature (20∘C)(20∘C) nitrogen be 1.3 mm ?

A: Mean Free Path is the average distance traveled by a moving molecule between collisions. N2 is a…

Q: At s.t.p the volume of a sample of air is 5.00 dm3 . If the mole fraction oxygen gas in the sample…

A: Given- Volume of sample = 5.00 dm3 Mole fraction of oxygen gas in sample = 0.25 To find = mass of…

Q: At an altitude of 15 km the temperature is 217 K and the pressure is 12.1 kPa. What is the mean free…

A: Mean free path can be expressed in terms of temperature, pressure, collision diameter. Write the…

Q: (ii) Calculate the fraction of oxygen molecules moving with a speed between 700 ms" and 710 ms' at…

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…

Q: The best laboratory vacuum pump can generate a vacuum of about 1 nTorr. At 25oC and assuming air…

A: P = 1 ntorr = 1 x 10-9 torr = 1.33 x 10-7 Pa T = 25oC = 298 K d = 395 pm = 395 x 10-12 m a).…

Q: The best laboratory vacuum pump can generate a vacuum of about 1 nTorr. At 25°C and assuming that…

A: Given temperature. T = 25 oC + 273.15  = 298.15 K  Molar mass of N2 molecule, M = 28.013 g.mol-1 *…

Q: Nitrogen is maintained at 152 kPa in a 2.00-dm3 vessel at 298.15K. If its molar mass is 28.0134 g…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first 3. Please resubmit the question and…

Q: Given that the mass density of air at 0.987 bar and 27 °C is 1.146 kg m−3, calculate the mole…

A: Ideal gas assumption is:

Q: True or false? At 298K, N2 molecules have a mean speed of 475 m/s. As a consequence, the…

A: Mean speed is the average speed of all the molecules with different velocities.  Some molecules may…

Q: Evaluate numerically the fraction of O2 molecules with speeds in the range 100 m s−1 to 200 m s−1 in…

A: Given ,  Range of speeds of O2 molecules is 100 ms-1 to 200 ms-1.           Temperature - 300 K  We…

Q: The average translational kinetic energy for a molecule (Erans) is given by the following equation:…

A:

Q: Calculate the most probable speed of Cl2 molecules at 330 K .

A: Most probable velocity formula:

Q: Determine the root mean square velocity of oxygen gas (in m/s) at a temperature of 190.2 °C.

A:

Q: 2) Explain the origin of the "a" term in the van der Waals equation. Which has the lower "a"…

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Q: Calculate the fractions of molecules in a gas that have a speed in a range Δv at the speed nvmp…

A: Given information: n = 3 and n = 4

Q: calculate the average translational kinetic energy, Ek, for one mole of gas as 553 K. Transitional…

A: Given,Temperature = 553K.

Q: Calculate the most probable speed of CO molecules at 330 K .

A: Given that,Temperature = 330 KMolar mass of CO = 28.01 g/mole

Q: Calculate the mean speed of atoms of argon in a gas at 25 oC if the mean speed of neon under these…

A: (A)From the expression of root mean square velocity, it is clear that root mean square velocity of…

Q: The rate of effusion of CO2 gas through a porous barrier is observed to be 2.23 x 104 mol/h. Under…

A: Here Graham's law will be used as per which the rate of effusion of any gas will be proportional to…

Q: Is there a set of conditions at which the compression factor of a van der Waals gas passes through a…

A: The compression factor can be given as : Z=PVmRTHere,Z=compression factorP=pressureVm=molar…

Q: The mass density of a gaseous compound was found to be 1.23 kg m−3 at 330 K and 20 kPa. What is the…

A:

Q: Estimate the coefficients a and b in the Dieterici equation of state from the critical constants of…

A: The dielectric equation equation for the pressure is p=R×t×e-aR×T×VmVm-b              (1)the…

Kinetic-Theory of Gases

Kinetic theory of gases is the model or method which was developed in the 19th century by Maxwell and Boltzmann. This is possible as the interatomic force which is of short-range forces that are important for solids and liquids can be neglected for gases. This theory or gas law gives a molecular interpretation of the pressure and temperature of a gas and is consistent with gas laws and Avogadro’s hypothesis. This theory is very helpful to correctly explain the specific heat capacities of many gases, kinetic energy and it also explains the transport qualities such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusion with molecular parameters. As stated in the kinetic-molecular theory, the temperature of a substance or gas particle is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles of that substance. When a substance is heated, some of the absorbed energy is stored within the particles, while some of the energy increases the motion of the particles, called average kinetic energy.