A study was performed to compare two treatment regimens for smokers who wish to stop smoking. The two treatments are: • Treatment A: Use Nicorette chewing gum, which is a nicotine replacement. • Treatment B: Switch to e-cigarettes. A total of 500 smokers were randomly allocated to one of the two treatments. The outcome after 12 weeks is summarised in the following co table. Stop Smoking Smoke Treatment Yes No Total less A 76 16 108 200 В 78 54 168 300
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- Based on a survey of 12,344 U.S. college students and 6,729 Canadian college students, Kuo, Adlaf, Lee, Gliksman, Demers, and Wechsler (2002) report that alcohol use is more common among Canadian than U.S. students, but heavy drinking (five or more drinks in a row for males, four or more for females) is significantly higher among U.S. students than Canadian students. Is this an example of a survey research design?The Coca-Cola Company introduced New Coke in 1985. Within three months of this introduction, negative consumer reaction forced Coca-Cola to reintroduce the original formula of Coke as Coca-Cola Classic. Suppose that two years later, in 1987, a marketing research firm in Chicago compared the sales of Coca-Cola Classic, New Coke, and Pepsi in public building vending machines. To do this, the marketing research firm randomly selected 10 public buildings in Chicago having both a Coke machine (selling Coke Classic and New Coke) and a Pepsi machine. The Coca-Cola Data and a MINITAB Output of a Randomized Block ANOVA of the Data: Building 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Coke Classic 45 136 134 41 146 33 71 224 111 87 New Coke 6 114 56 14 39 20 42 156 61 140 Pepsi 24 90 100 43 51 42 68 131 74 107 Two-way ANOVA: Cans versus Drink, Building Source DF SS MS F P Drink 2 7997.6 3998.80 5.78 0.011 Building 9 55573.5 6174.83 8.93 0.000 Error 18 12443.7 691.32 Total 29 76014.8…The Coca-Cola Company introduced New Coke in 1985. Within three months of this introduction, negative consumer reaction forced Coca-Cola to reintroduce the original formula of Coke as Coca-Cola Classic. Suppose that two years later, in 1987, a marketing research firm in Chicago compared the sales of Coca-Cola Classic, New Coke, and Pepsi in public building vending machines. To do this, the marketing research firm randomly selected 10 public buildings in Chicago having both a Coke machine (selling Coke Classic and New Coke) and a Pepsi machine. The Coca-Cola Data and a MINITAB Output of a Randomized Block ANOVA of the Data: Building 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Coke Classic 45 136 134 41 146 33 71 224 111 87 New Coke 6 114 56 14 39 20 42 156 61 140 Pepsi 24 90 100 43 51 42 68 131 74 107 Two-way ANOVA: Cans versus Drink, Building Source DF SS MS F P Drink 2 7997.6 3998.80 5.78 0.011 Building 9 55573.5 6174.83 8.93 0.000 Error 18 12443.7 691.32 Total 29…
- The Coca-Cola Company introduced New Coke in 1985. Within three months of this introduction, negative consumer reaction forced Coca-Cola to reintroduce the original formula of Coke as Coca-Cola Classic. Suppose that two years later, in 1987, a marketing research firm in Chicago compared the sales of Coca-Cola Classic, New Coke, and Pepsi in public building vending machines. To do this, the marketing research firm randomly selected 10 public buildings in Chicago having both a Coke machine (selling Coke Classic and New Coke) and a Pepsi machine.The Coca-Cola Data and a MINITAB Output of a Randomized Block ANOVA of the Data: Building 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Coke Classic 42 133 131 50 148 33 64 210 106 86 New Coke 6 110 54 12 43 11 34 160 57 147 Pepsi 33 95 105 45 45 45 76 122 79 96 Two-way ANOVA: Cans versus Drink, Building Source DF SS MS F P Drink 2 7,208.5 3,604.23 4.59 .024 Building 9 51,209.2 5,689.91 7.25 .000 Error 18 14,132.2 785.12 Total 29…A pet food company has a business objective of expanding its product line beyond its current kidney- and shrimp-based cat foods. The company developed two new products, one based on chicken liver and the other based on salmon. The company conducted an experiment to compare the two new products with its two existing ones, as well as a generic beef-based product sold in a supermarket chain. For the experiment, a sample of 50 cats from the population at a local animal shelter was selected. Ten cats were randomly assigned to each of the five products being tested. Each of the cats was then presented with 3 ounces of the selected food in a dish at feeding time. The researchers defined the variable to be measured as the number of ounces of food that the cat consumed within a 10-minute time interval that began when the filled dish was presented. The results of this experiment are summarized in the following table: Kidney Shrimp Chicken Liver Salmon Beef 2.37 2.26…A random survey of health issues, conducted by the Department of Public Health of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, examined the results from the state's seven largest cities. These cities were selected on the basis of their diverse racial and ethnic populations. The percentage of adults with diabetes in each city in the survey is given in the following table. City Boston Worcester Springfield Lowell Fall River Lawrence NewBedford Adults withDiabetes (%) 4.2 5.2 9.1 5.7 8.1 7.9 6.3 Find the average percentage of adults with diabetes in these seven cities. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) %What is the standard deviation for these data? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) %
- In a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire. Leavers Stayers1 = 3.05 2 = 2.92σ1 = 0.71 σ2 = 0.71n1 = 100 n2 = 227At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method.Can the introduction of pleasant sensory stimuli lead to a more pleasant exercise environment and decrease perceived exertion during a four‑minute stepping task? Forty‑three students from a Southeastern University were assigned at random to three conditions: "taste," in which participants inserted a lemon‑flavored mouth guard during the task; "placebo," in which participants inserted a non‑flavored mouth guard; and "control," in which no mouth guard was used. Twelve students were assigned to the taste group, 15 to the placebo group, and 16 to the control group. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scores were measured on a standard 15‑point scale ranging from 6 (very, very light) to 20 (exhausted). Select the populations and the response variable. The population is all humans. The response is the rating of perceived exertion. The populations are students who wear a lemon‑flavored mouth guard and students who wear a non‑flavored mouth guard. The response is the rating of perceived…Can the introduction of pleasant sensory stimuli lead to a more pleasant exercise environment and decrease perceived exertion during a four‑minute stepping task? Forty‑three students from a Southeastern University were assigned at random to three conditions: "taste," in which participants inserted a lemon‑flavored mouth guard during the task; "placebo," in which participants inserted a non‑flavored mouth guard; and "control," in which no mouth guard was used. Twelve students were assigned to the taste group, 15 to the placebo group, and 16 to the control group. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scores were measured on a standard 15‑point scale ranging from 6 (very, very light) to 20 (exhausted).
- To determine a target audience for a new email package, a computer company surveyed a large random sample of potential customers, asking each whether he/she uses email on a regular basis. (The company considered "a regular basis" to be at least three times a week.) The data, as summarized in the contingency table below, were classified according to two variables: the age of the respondent ("under 18", "18-35", "36-54", "55+") and regularity of email use ("on a regular basis" or "not on a regular basis"). Each cell of the table contains three numbers: the first number is the observed cell frequency (fO); the second number is the expected cell frequency (fE) under the assumption that there is no dependence between age and regularity of email use and the third number is the following value.To determine a target audience for a new email package, a computer company surveyed a large random sample of potential customers, asking each whether he/she uses email on a regular basis. (The company considered "a regular basis" to be at least three times a week.) The data, as summarized in the contingency table below, were classified according to two variables: the age of the respondent ("under 18", "18-35", "36-54", "55+") and regularity of email use ("on a regular basis" or "not on a regular basis"). Each cell of the table contains three numbers: the first number is the observed cell frequency (fO); the second number is the expected cell frequency (fE) under the assumption that there is no dependence between age and regularity of email use and the third number is the following value. =−fOfE2fE−Observed cell frequencyExpected cell frequency2Expected cell frequencyThe International Business Society conducts a series of managerial surveys to detect challenges that international managers encounter and what strategies help them overcome those challenges. A previous study showed that employee retention is the most critical organizational challenge currently confronted by international managers. One strategy that may impact employee retention is a successful employee recognition program. The International Business Society randomly selected 423 small firms and 192 large firms. The study showed that 326 of the 423 small firms have employee retention programs compared to 167 of the 192 large organizations. At the 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant difference between small firms and large firms concerning the proportion that has employee recognition program? Find the p-value and interpret its meaning? Construct and interpret a 99% confidence interval estimate for the difference between small firms and large firms…