According to the direction of the arrow, place the images into the correct order to represent the activation of a T cell. TM TC TH or 1 TH TM TC IC TH TM Memory T cells Effector cells Costimulation protein MHC protein APC Antigen 2 TC or TH APC TC or TH TH TC МНС-1 protein МНС-+ protein APC Enemy cell 4 or Next> 50 of 83 < Prev 53
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- Figure 42.11 Which of the following statements about T cells is false? Helper T cells release cytokines while cytotoxic T cells kill the infected cell. Helper T cells are CD4+, while cytotoxic T cells are CD8+. MHC II is a receptor found on most body cells, while MHC I is a receptor found on immune cells only. The T cell receptor is found on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.Put the following steps in order for cell-mediated immunereactions:(a) Differentiated T cells include T helper, delayed hyper-sensitivity, cytotoxic, and memory T cells that all havedifferent immunological functions depending on the an-tigen presented.(b) Antigen-presenting cells (macrophages and dendriticcells) phagocytize pathogens, ingesting and degradingthem into pieces which are transported to the surface ofthe cell.(c) T cells bearing the corresponding receptor for the pre-sented antigen bind to it and become activated only ifthe appropriate MHC is also present.(d) Some pieces of the pathogen’s antigens are processedby inserting them into the antigen-presenting cell’smembrane and are held in place by class II majorhistocompatibility complex (MHCII) proteins.(e) Activated T cells are stimulated to divide and differen-tiate into different types of T cells, including memorycellsDescribes the relationship of the following terms using short terms: IL-2 receptorLymph NodeMemory T cellMHC-peptide complexNaïve T cell
- The binding groove of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) binds to _____ and presents them to _____. a. phosphoantigens; Vγ9:Vδ2 T cells b. MIC-A or MIC-B proteins; NK cells c. sulfatides; Vγ:Vδ1 T cells d. phospholipids; Vγ4:Vδ5 T cells e. lipid antigens; Vα24–Jα18:Vβ11 NKT cells.Naive T cells in CD69-knockout mice might: Group of answer choices Have a defect in recognizing antigen on activated dendritic cells Not be detained in the lymph node to get activated Have a defect in lymph node entry and accumulate in the blood Have a defect in responding to inflammatory cytokines in the lymph node Remain trapped in lymph nodes and fail to recirculate asap please.Which of the following is not associated with killing by a cytotoxic T cell? View Available Hint(s) for Part A granzyme CD95 perforin IL-4
- T cells have to work in a partnership with an Antigen Presenting Cell (APC). Before this can occur, the APC must modify the antigen. Please discuss how this process happens and the major protein that is involved. Be detailed.Which of the following statements are true for antigen presentation. a. Antigen presentation means that other cells attach the pathogen first and present it to T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor to B cells c. Antigen presenting cells display protein fragments, resulting from the digestion of the pathogen, in complex with MHC receptor on their surface. d. Antigen-presenting cells are phagocytic cells e. Antigen presentation is required for T cell activation f. Cytokines released by macrophages are required for T cell activation g. T cell receptors recognize the MHC receptors in complex with antigen fragments displayed by antigen-presenting cells. h. Phagocytic cells are involved in innate immunity. Therefore they have no role in T-cell activationThe diagram shows a pathogen (in red) that is present in different cellular compartments of each of the cell types shown. In each case, a specific T cell subset will recognize peptides of that pathogen presented on MHC molecules on the surface of the cell, and will execute its effector function. From the list below, match the appropriate T cell effector response to the cell type and location of the pathogen. CD4 T cell killing of target cell CD8 T cell killing of target cell CD4 T cell activation of target cell’s antibody production CD8 T cell activation of target cell’s antibody production CD4 T cell activation of target cell’s ability to kill intracellular pathogen CD8 T cell activation of target cell’s ability to kill intracellular pathogen
- Describe the relationship of the following term using short terms: Negative selectionNK cellPositive selectionRegulatory T cellSphigosine-1-phosphate (S1P)Sphigosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR1)ThymusThe following events occur in humoral immunity, leading to an activated B cell in a T dependent manner. Of the steps listed below, which would be step number 5 in the process. Hint: only include these steps in the numbering...order the steps and select which one is #5 A. secretion of cytokines by Th B. Receptor mediated endocytosis C. B cell receptors recognize and bind to an antigen D. Recognition by Th E. Digestion and processing of the antigen by the B cell F. Display of the antigen along with MHC proteinsWhich of the following pairs is mismatched? a. T-cell activation: cell division and differentiation b. effector B cell: plasma cell c. plasma cell: antibody secretion d. helper T cell: kills pathogen-infected cells e. helper T cell: facilitates the differentiation of B cells.
