Assume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the stroma.What is the longest wavelength of light that could provide enough energy per photon to pump one proton against this gradient, assuming 20% efficiency in photosynthesis and T = 25 °C?
Q: Describe why the H+ gradient across a thylakoid membraneis referred to as a storage of energy.
A: Introduction Plants are termed as autotrophs they can produce their own food by the process called…
Q: When do the cells need to use non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
A: The process of photosynthesis is necessary for all the plant species as it is required for the…
Q: If plants described in problem 4 are illuminated by a combination of light of 680 nm and 700 nm, the…
A: Within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast, are two photosystems. Photosystem I optimally…
Q: Assume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the…
A: The longest wavelength of the light may provide sufficient energy to pump a proton against the…
Q: Which of the following statements is FALSE? Group of answer choices: - Plastoquinone has a higher…
A: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants utilise light energy from the sun to prepare food and…
Q: In the above inputs of photosynthesis, what is the chemical that is oxidized, and what is the…
A: This is the physiological process by which carbon dioxide trapped from the atmosphere is reduced to…
Q: A culture of the single celled organism Chlamydomonas is actively carrying out photosynthesis in the…
A: Dark reaction is the second phase in photosynthesis where autotrophs uses carbon dioxide to…
Q: Identify the oxidized and reduced forms of the following pairs: O2/H2O NO2- / NO3- NADP+ / NADPH…
A: An oxidation-reduction reaction is a chemical reaction in which a molecule gain or loss their…
Q: When electrons are removed from water, protons are liberated. Does this occur in the stroma or…
A: According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP formation proposed by Mitchell, in both respiration…
Q: An illuminated suspension of the green alga Chlorella is actively carrying out photosynthesis.…
A: Calvin cycle or light-dependent photosynthesis is a type of chemical reaction that involves fixing…
Q: In cyclic photophosphorylation, an electron in P700 is excited by a photon and begins to taking the…
A: The light reaction of photosynthesis involves production of ATP and NADPH by using sunlight. In this…
Q: Explain, using a diagram, how during acyclic photophosphorylation (photophase) an electrochemical…
A: The light phase of photosynthesis includes the photophase. It is responsible for producing the ATP…
Q: Thylakoids were isolated from chloroplasts and incubated in the dark in an acidic solution (pH 4) to…
A: ATP or Adenosine Tri-Phosphate is the chemical compound that is considered as the energy currency…
Q: Draw a simple sketch illustrating a thylakoid membrane that is actively involved in chemiosmosis and…
A: The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy. This…
Q: The net equation for oxidative phosphorylation can be written as 2NADH + 2 H+ + O2 →2 H2O + 2 NAD+.…
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is carried in the inner side membrane of mitochondria, in which electrons…
Q: When researchers shifted isolated chloroplasts from a low pH solution to a more alkaline (higher pH)…
A: ATP synthesis is the process of synthesis of ATP (energy currency) using the proton gradient across…
Q: Figure 2 shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis.…
A: Photosynthesis is formation of food in the presence of sunlight using water and carbon dioxide as a…
Q: O O O C 138 152 T162 820 381 565 899 558 612 694 10 & Table 1: This is the time that it took for the…
A: Photosynthesis The process exclusive for organism containing green colour pigment known as…
Q: Calculate the rate of photosynthesis (mm/hr) for Elodea if when measuring net photosynthesis, the…
A: We can make an assumption that during photosynthesis, oxygen produced will lead water level to rise…
Q: Write the overall net reaction for photosyynthetic Co2 fixation. (Take into account both light and…
A: Introduction: Photosynthesis is a process in which plants and bacteria use the energy from sunlight…
Q: ATP is produced by chemiosmosis in photosynthesis". Identify where and how this chemical gradient is…
A: Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy…
Q: If you could replace all of the plant ATP synthase with ATP synthase enzymes from animal cells,…
A: Chemiosmotic hypothesis explains the mechanism by which ATP is synthesized by the ATP synthase…
Q: In a photosynthetic investigation, a student measured the following pH of the stroma and the inner…
A: Photosynthesis - Photosynthesis is a process which is used by the plants. In this process, green…
Q: Chloroplast ATP synthase contains 14 c subunits. How many protons must be translocated to the…
A: In the process of photosynthesis, the protons are pumped into the thylakoid lumen, which results in…
Q: In cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must be passed through the cycle…
A: Cyclic photophosphorylation is the process in which cycling of electrons occurs through a set of…
Q: Which of the following would still be possible in a plant with nonfunctional mitochondria in the…
A: Plants are eukaryotic organisms which have membrane bound organelles in the cell. Mitochondria…
Q: What would be the effect on production of ATP from photosynthesis, assuming no effect on…
A: Photosynthesis is a method utilized by plant life and different organisms to convert mild…
Q: 120 100 H00 100 80 70 d a 60 60 blue light i 50 50 red light si 40 k n 40 green light se 30 20 20 20…
A: Introduction Light harvesting complexes are the complex or proteins and chlorophyll molecules which…
Q: Where are proton gradients formed? Within what structures are they seen in chloroplasts How do the…
A: Electrochemical gradient It is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can…
Q: What is the significance of the proton gradient that is established across the thylakoid membrane…
A: Given: When the electron passes through the ETC,it releases that energy and that energy is used up…
Q: Match each compound to a step that of the Light-Dependent Reaction. Form. f. electron acceptor g.…
A: 51. P680 is the reaction center through which the excitation of light photons takes place. In…
Q: In cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must be passed through the cycle…
A: Calculating the E (total energy) produced by the 700 nm light: We know, E = h c/λ Where, h (Planck’s…
Q: In chloroplasts, protons are pumped out of thestroma across the thylakoid membrane, whereas in…
A: For living functions, eukaryotic cells require a steady supply of ATP. Mitochondria and chloroplast…
Q: In cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must bepassed through the cycle…
A: Calculating the E (total energy) produced by the 700 nm light: We know, E = h c/λ Where, h (Planck’s…
Q: Condition: A transmembrane (or integral membrane) protein that acts as a H+ channel has been added…
A: The electrochemical proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane helps to synthesize ATP in the…
Q: In 2005, a new species of green sulfur bacteria was discovered near a geothermal vent at the bottom…
A: Green sulphur bacteria are the photoautotrophic anaerobic bacteria that come under the family…
Q: In photosynthetic organisms that have two photosystems, a key reason to increase non-cyclic electron…
A: The light-dependent reactions use light energy for producing two molecules required for the next…
Q: Chemiosmosis. ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is usually light dependent; it does not happen in the…
A: Hello. Since you have posted multiple questions and not specified which question needs to be solved,…
Q: Describe the flow of electrons through photosystems I and II in the noncyclic electron transport…
A: Photosynthesis is the process in which the plants make their own food by absorbing sunlight and…
Q: Calculate the gross rate of photosynthesis (mm/hr) for Elodea if when measuring net photosynthesis,…
A: The gross rate of photosynthesis for 10 minutes is 7mm. So, The gross rate of photosynthesis for 60…
Q: Explain what would happen to the glucose output in the light independent reactions if there were…
A: *The Calvin cycle is a processs can be found in plants and algae whic is used to turn carbon…
Q: in 2005, a new species of green sulfur bacteria wasdiscovered near a geothermal vent at the bottom…
A: ANSWER: The sulfur bacteria are obligate photoautotrophs. They grow in the dim light, where the…
Q: would you expect an absorption spectrum graph of chlorophyll (green plant pigment involved in…
A: During propagation, light behaves as a wave and as it interacts with any matter it behaves as a…
Q: When running cycle photophosphorylation and passaging electrons from PSI to two fully reduced PQH2s,…
A: Photophosphorylation is basically using light energy to convert ADP to ATP During photosynthesis…
Q: Assume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the…
A: The principles of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts are nearly same with those for oxidative…
Q: In chloroplasts, the light reactions power the creation of ATP via chemiosmosis. In relation to this…
A: The electrons from the initial light reaction reach Photosystem I, then are raised to a higher…
Q: Draw a basic drawing of a thylakoid membrane that is actively engaged in chemiosmosis and mark the…
A: Photosynthesis is a series of light-dependent processes that turn light energy into chemical energy.…
Q: In cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must be passed through the cycle…
A: ATP is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. It is often referred to…
Assume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the stroma.What is the longest wavelength of light that could provide enough energy per photon to pump one proton against this gradient, assuming 20% efficiency in photosynthesis and T = 25 °C?
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Assume a pH gradient of 4.0 units across a thylakoid membrane, with the lumen more acidic than the stroma.What is the standard free energy change per mol O2 produced? How does this compare to the energy required to drive the synthesis of ATP?An illuminated suspension of the green alga Chlorella is actively carrying out photosynthesis. Suppose that the light is suddenly switched off. How would the levels of 3-phosphoglycerate and ribulose 1 ,5 -bisphosphate change in the next minute?Thylakoids were isolated from chloroplasts and incubated in the dark in an acidic solution (pH 4) to equilibrate the pH. After 30 minutes, the thylakoids were transferred to a basic solution (pH 8) and kept in the dark. Will this system produce ATP? Explain. Will this system produce G3P? Explain.
- The net equation for oxidative phosphorylation can be written as 2NADH + 2 H+ + O2 →2 H2O + 2 NAD+. Write an analogous equation for the light reactions of photosynthesis.In cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must be passed through the cycle to pump enough protons to generate one ATP. Assuming that the ΔG for hydrolysis of ATP under conditions existing in the chloroplast is about -50 kJ/mol, what is the corresponding percent efficiency of cyclic photophosphorylation, using light of 700 nm?In cyclic photophosphorylation, it is estimated that two electrons must bepassed through the cycle to pump enough protons to generate one ATP.Assuming that the ∆G for hydrolysis of ATP under conditions existing inthe chloroplast is about -50 kJ/mol, what is the corresponding percent efficiency of cyclic photophosphorylation, using light of 700 nm?
- What is photophosphorylation by oxidative phosphorylation? Explain by comparison.A culture of the single celled organism Chlamydomonas is actively carrying out photosynthesis in the presence of light and CO2. If you turned off the light, how would you expect the amounts of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate to change over the next minute? How about if you left the light on and removed the CO2?For the following questions, choose one to discuss: chloroplast/photosynthesis State at the outset which one you will discuss. A) What role do proton gradients play in the process of photosynthesis proton gradients allow B) Where are proton gradients formed? Within what structures are they seen in chloroplasts How do the structures help them to maintain a gradient? C) Explain where and how the chloroplast or mitochondria uses passive transport and active transport to complete photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
- Chloroplast ATP synthase contains 14 c subunits. How many protons must be translocated to the thylakoid lumen to support the synthesis of one ATP?In a photosynthetic investigation, a student measured the following pH of the stroma and the inner thylakoid compartments of spinach leaf cells at the conclusion of the experiment. Source of Fluid pH (mean) Standard Error of Mean (SEM) Stroma 8.2 0.75 Inner compartment of thylakoid 5.6 0.35 Describe the stages of photosynthesis. Explain the need for a constant supply of inorganic carbon dioxide.Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma but the photosystems and membrane proteins of the electron transport chain are unharmed. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?