Below are depictions of a student's TLC plates in which fractions 1 - 10 from their column are spotted. Lane 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (a) Which fractions contain pure fluorenone? Which contain pure ferrocene? (b) Which lanes, if any, represent mixed fractions? (c) Would the student incorporate lanes 6 and 7 into an Erlenmeyer flask of a combined fraction? Explain with 10 words or less.
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- Prepare 1000ppm of Cd (NO3).4 H2O in a liter, then preprare from the 1000ppm(which is a stock) 100ppm in 500mlA gas chromatogram of a mixture of toluene and ethyl (a) Measure w1/2 for each peak to the nearest 0.1 mm. When the thickness of the pen trace is significant relative to the length being measured, it is important to take the pen width into account. It is best to measure from the edge of one trace to the corresponding edge of the other trace, as shown at the bottom of the left column. (b) Find the number of theoretical plates and the plate height for each peak.Differentiate normal phase chromatography from reverse phase chromatography. From which of the two governs the demonstration in TLC and paper chromatography? How do you say so?
- Please answer Questions 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5 (GC Gas Chromatography) 5-2. A sample mixture of ethyl benzoate (bp 212 Celsius) and dodecane (bp 216.2 Celsius) is injected on two GC columns.Column A has DC710 silicone oil as the stationary phase, and column B uses polyethylene glycol as the stationaryphase. Which substance would be certain to elute first from column A and would the same material be expected toelute first from column B? Which column, A or B, would be expected to give the better separation of these two substances? 5-3. Question 5-2 refers to separating a mixture of two high boiling liquids by gas chromatography. These materials havesimilar boiling points. List several GC variables and conditions that would make it easier to separate thesesubstances by gas chromatography. 5-4. Capillary GC columns have better resolution than packed columns even though the enormous surface area provided by the packing material is absent in capillary columns. Why? 5-5. Preparative GC requires…What is the calibration correction of a 10-mL pipet that delivers 9.9300 g of H2O at 19.0°C which is weighed against brass weights?Pesticide residues were found in a lot of oranges; the compound identified was the epoxide of heptachlor (EH). To quantify the amount of this pesticide in oranges, 20 grams were taken from fruit peels and mixed with methylene chloride to extract it. The concentration of heptachlor epoxide in the sample was determined by gas chromatography coupled to a detector mass (GC-MS); and calibration was performed using anthracene (A) as internal standard. For In this analysis, the anthracene had a concentration of 350 ppm and the same volume was added to each standard. The table below shows the concentrations of the standard and the ratio of the areas.and the sample is: 0.1080.Determine the concentration of heptachlor epoxide in the sample.
- 1. What is the significance of Rf values?2. What is the basis for the separation of components of mixtures by paperchromatography?3. Give 3 important applications of chromatography.4. Define or describe each of the following terms: - Chromatography- Development- Solvent front- Stationary phase - Chromatogram- Adsorbent- Mobile phase- RfLouie performed paper chromatography to identify which among the four availablereference mixtures — WAR, OFF, YIN, MEW — have the same components as hisunknown sample, GUN. He spotted the standards and the sample in a Whatman No. 1filter paper, which he placed in a developing chamber containing 3% KCl. After 20minutes, Louie obtained the chromatogram below, immediately noting that the distancetravelled by the solvent from the origin is 79.0 mm. On the other hand, the distances (incm) traveled by the developed spots were tabulated as follows.(see attached) Questions: 1. Is the type of paper chromatography performed normal or reversed? Why?2. Calculate the Rf of the spots from the samples. Report your answers in four decimal places.Oral rehydration salts are stated to contain the following components: Sodium Chloride 3.5g Potassium Chloride 1.5g Sodium Citrate 2.9g Anhydrous Glucose 20.0g 8.342 g of oral rehydration salts are dissolved in 500 ml of water. 5 ml of the solution is diluted to 100 ml and then 5 ml is taken from the diluted sample and is diluted to 100 ml. The sodium content of the sample is then determined by flame photometry. The sodium salts used to prepare the mixture were: Trisodium citrate hydrate (C6H5Na3O7, 2H2O) MW 294.1 and sodium chloride (NaCl) NW 58.5. Atomic weight of Na = 23. The content of Na in the diluted sample was determined to be 0.3210 mg/100 ml. Determine the % of stated content of Na in the sample. The stated should be 104.5, how??
- Oral rehydration salts are stated to contain the following components: Sodium Chloride 3.5g Potassium Chloride 1.5g Sodium Citrate 2.9g Anhydrous Glucose 20.0g 8.342 g of oral rehydration salts are dissolved in 500 ml of water. 5 ml of the solution is diluted to 100 ml and then 5 ml is taken from the diluted sample and is diluted to 100 ml. The sodium content of the sample is then determined by flame photometry. The sodium salts used to prepare the mixture were: Trisodium citrate hydrate (C6H5Na3O7, 2H2O) MW 294.1 and sodium chloride (NaCl) NW 58.5. Atomic weight of Na = 23. The content of Na in the diluted sample was determined to be 0.3210 mg/100 ml. Determine the % of stated content of Na in the sample.A scientist wishes to measure the concentration of methyl benzoate in a plant stream by gas chromatography. He prepares a sample of butyl benzoate to use as an internal standard. The results of a preliminary run, which used a solution known to contain 1.37 mg/mL of methyl benzoate (peak A) and 1.51 mg/mL of butyl benzoate (peak B), are shown. The area of peak A is determined to be 3.40×102 and the area of peak B is determined to be 398 measured in arbitrary units by the computer. To measure the sample, 1.00 mL of a standard sample of butyl benzoate containing 2.49 mg/mL is mixed with 1.00 mL of the plant stream material. Analysis of the mixture gave a peak area of 437 for peak A and 415 for peak B. What is the concentration of methyl benzoate in the plant stream?Internal standard. When 1.06 mmol of 1-pentanol and 1.53 mmol of 1- exanol were separated by gas chromatography, they gave relative peak areas of 922 and 1 570 units, respectively. When 0.57 mmol of pentanol was added to anunknown containing hexanol, the relative chromatographic peak areas were 843:816 (pentanol:hexanol). How much hexanol did the unknown contain?