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6. "Coated pits" are formed as a result of
a. clathrin triskelions
b. clustering of v-SNAREs on the surface of the plasma membrane
c. endocytosis of ER resident proteins carrying the KDEL sequence
d. clustering of cell surface receptors bound to their ligands
e. acidification of late endosomes.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- 6. A researcher isolates and collects a particular cell membrane protein and injects a pure solution of these proteins into a laboratory animal. The laboratory animal most likely ______. A. incorporates the proteins into its own cell membranes B. digests the proteins as a food source C. produces antibodies that bind specifically to that membrane protein D. goes into shock and die1. During a wound infection, the bacteria Clostridium perfringens produces collagenase, an enzyme that breaks apart collagen, as one of its virulence factors. What do you predict would be the most likely outcome of this collagenase production? A. Breakdown of connections and structure of the extracellular matrix B. Blockage of signal transduction C. Lysis of the phospholipid bilayer of cells D. Degradation of tight junctions 2 The primary cell wall of plants is made mostly of the structural carbohydrate ______, which is a polymer of the monosaccharide glucose. A. starch B.cellulose C.glycogen D.peptidoglycan 3. The protein integrin binds to actin filaments and, by binding to proteins like fibronectins, connects to collagen. In this manner, integrin ______. A.controls the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane B. suspends organelles within the cytoplasm C. provides a direct linkage between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix D. helps keep individual cells in place and…All of the following are true of integrins except (a) they are receptor proteins (b) they help organize the cytoskeleton (c) they are part of the ECM (d) they are important in cell signaling (e) they are located in the plasma membrane
- The freeze-fracture technique demonstrated: a. that the plasma membrane is a bilayer with individual proteins suspended in it. b. that the plasma membrane is fluid. c. that the arrangement of membrane lipids and proteins is symmetric. d. that proteins are bound to the cytoplasmic side but not embedded in the lipid bilayer. e. the direction of movement of solutes through the membrane.What property prevents the ligands of cell-surface receptors from entering the cell? The molecules bind to the extracellular domain. The molecules are hydrophilic and cannot penetrate the hydrophobic inferior of the plasma membrane. The molecules are attached to transport proteins that deliver them through the bloodstream to target cells. The ligands are able to penetrate the membrane and directly influence gene expression upon receptor binding.1. Which of the listed protein would NOT be expected to have experienced vesicular transport? A. Cis-golgi enzymes B. Proteins in early and late and endosomes due to pinocytosis C. Lysosomal enzymes D. A multi-pass transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane E. All of the above proteins Actually would undergo vesicular transport at some point 2. What would be the effect of COPI-coated vesicles if a cell is treated with GTP analogous that can bind the ARF G protein but can not trigger the exposure of its lipid anchor. A. They will decrease substantially in number in the cytoplasm B. They will accumulate in the nucleus C. They will fuse into one giant vesicle that was seen in the cytoplasm D. They will accumulate in the cytoplasm E. They will decrease substantially in number in the nucleus
- 3. Hydrophobic signal molecules typically ... a) bind to receptor proteins in the cytosol. b) bind to plasma membrane receptors then move inside the cell. c) activate pathways that drive gene transcription. d) a and c e) a, b and c3. The protein integrin binds to actin filaments and, by binding to proteins like fibronectins, connects to collagen. In this manner, integrin ______. A.controls the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane B. suspends organelles within the cytoplasm C. provides a direct linkage between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix D. helps keep individual cells in place and connects adjacent cells to each other1)You add a drug to cells that can pass through hydrophilic or hydrobic environments (e.g., membranes & cytosol). The drug specifically prevents the binding of KDEL (ER retention signal) to any other molecules. In the short term, what would happen to the synthesis and localization of translocon proteins? a. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would end up in the golgi apparatus. b. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would end up at the plasma membrane c. No new intact translocon proteins would be synthesized d. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would be secreted e. New complete translocon proteins would be made and localized normally
- Focal adhesions ________. a. have been implicated in cell locomotion b. contain integrins that develop transient interactions with the extracellular matrix c. collect information about the chemical properties of the extracellular environment d. transmit information to the cell interior that may lead to changes in cell adhesion, proliferation or survival e. All of these are correct.13. Imagine that you discovered a new cell surface transport protein and that you believe it is a channel protein. Which of the following properties would you expect this protein to have? a. It will contain several hydrophobic regions that will cluster together to form a beta-barrel. b. It will contain several hydrophobic regions that will form multiple alpha helices c. It will bind to a mitochondrial translocation channel d. It will contain a nuclear import sequence (signal sequence) e. It will have a Golgi complex signal sequence2. The mannose 6-phosphate receptor is located predominantly in endosomes and the TGN, but about 10% of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor molecules are in the plasma membrane. Suppose you have an antibody that associates with the mannose 6-phosphate receptor and blocks the ability of the receptor to bind mannose 6-phosphate. Suppose further that this association is rapid and effectively irreversible. If you incubate cells with the antibody for a brief time and then wash away excess antibody, the cells continue to sort lysosomal enzymes normally. But if you incubate cells continuously with the antibody for a prolonged time, the cells begin to secrete lysosomal enzymes. a) How would you interpret this result? b) Suppose that the antibody has been fluorescently labeled by covalently attaching a fluorophore. If you examine cells that have been incubated continuously with this labeled antibody, what types of fluorescence patterns would you expect to see at different time points after…
