Consider an economy with two goods, cloth and food. The production possibility frontier of this economy is given by Q +Q = 8000. Preferences of the consumers are described by the following utility function U(Qc,QF)=/QcQF. %3D Suppose this economy can trade with the rest of the world at the relative price of cloth to food equal 2. How much food will this economy import?
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- Suppose countries A and B produce and consume (assuming convex preferences) apples and bananas using only labour. Unit labour cost for apples in country A are 1 and 2 in country B. Unit labour cost for bananas are 2 in country A and 5 in country B. The labour force is the same in both countries, and given by 100 in each country. Which three of the following statements are true? A Country B has a comparative advantage in producing bananas. B Allowing for international trade, the production of 50 apples and 50 bananas can occur in a global market equilibrium feasible, but not in market equilibria under autarky. C Each country has an absolute advantage. D Allowing for international trade, the production of 50 apples and 50 bananas is feasible, but not under autarky. E Under autarky, the relative price for apples (price for apples/price for banans) equals 0.5 in country A and 0.4 in country B. F Country A will produce bananas, with or…Suppose countries A and B produce and consume (assuming convex preferences) apples and bananas using only labour. Unit labour cost for apples in country A are 2 and 1 in country B. Unit labour cost for bananas are 5 in country A and 4 in country B. The labour force is the same in both countries, and given by 100 in each country. Which three of the following statements are true? Each country has an absolute advantage. Allowing for international trade, the production of 100 apples and 20 bananas can occur in a global market equilibrium, but not in a market equilibria under autarky. Country A will produce apples, with or without international trade. Under autarky, the relative price for apples (price for apples/price for bananas) equals 0.4 in country A and 0.25 in country B. Country B has an absolute advantage in producing bananas. Allowing for international trade, the production of 60 apples and 40 bananas is feasible, but…An economy produces two goods ,X and Y .lt uses two means of production, labour and capital. A unit of labour can produce either 1unit of X or 4units of Y (or linear combination of the two).A unit of capital can produce either 4units of X or 1unit of Y (or linear combination of the two)there are 100units of each means of production. (i) Draw the production possibility frontier of the economy when the two goods can only be produced by a mixture of both factors. (ii)What will be the opportunity cost of X if the economy produces 50units of X ? (iii) Given that the production technology is linear ,will the opportunity cost of X remain unchanged when we produce 90units of X ? (iv)Briefly explain the difference between the PPC with a constant opportunity cost and the PPC with an increasing opportunity cost as more output of one good is produced. Use a well labeled diagram to explain your answer?
- Person 1 can allocate her 8-hour a day between the production of two goods. A and B. Each hour devoted to Good B yields 2 units whereas each hour devoted to Good A produces 4 units (B) Person 2 can produce 3 units of Good B or 4 units of good A per hour i) who has the absolute advantage in the production of of Good B ? ii) Who has the absolute advantage in the production of Good A ? iii) Calculate the opportunity cost for Good B for 2 persons iv) Calculate the opportunity cost for Good A for 1 personQ2. Suppose that there are two countries (A and B) and two goods (a labor-intensive good X, textile, and a capital-intensive good Y, electronics). The two countries have identical demand for the two goods but different labor and capital endowments. Suppose (Px/Py)A < (Px/Py)B in autarky. Identify the capital-abundant country and the labor-abundant country, respectively. Use a PPF-indifference-curve graph to identify the autarky equilibrium for country B. In the same graph, show country B's gains from trade when the two countries trade at a level of Px/Py that is between the two countries' autarky price ratios. In the above graph, identify the trade triangle (including export and import quantities) for country B. What would be the effect of trade on country B's relative nominal wage rate, i.e., the ratio of nominal wage rate relative to nominal capital rental rate (w/r)? Illustrate your answer graphically. Your answer:The information regarding these questions are in the image: (a) Calculate the opportunity cost of producing one additional unit of good x in terms of units of good y in Home and Foreign. (b) Derive the production possibilities frontier (PPF) for Home and Foreign and plot it in a graph with good x in the horizontal axis and good y in the vertical axis. (c) Determine the equilibrium price of good x (setting the price of good y as 1) that prevails at Home and Foreign under autarky – that is, when they do not trade with each other. Explain why any other price could not be the equilibrium price in autarky. (d) Determine the optimal consumption and production at Home and Foreign under autarky. Depict this situation in a graph that includes each country’s PPF and indifference curves for the representative consumer. (e) Assume that Home and Foreign open to trade with each other. Explain how is the pattern of trade (which good will each country export and import) determined (f) Suppose that…
- Suppose there are two countries, Home and Foreign, that produce two goods, fish (F) and edamame (E), using only labor. In the Home country 6 units of labor are required to produce each unit of fish and the same for each unit of edamame. In the Foreign country, 2 units of labor is required to produce each fish and 3 units of labor are required for each unit of edamame. Each country has a labor force of 30 units available for production. Suppose further that consumers in both countries have identical Leontief preferences, utility function U(CF, CE) = min(CF, CE), meaning that they want to consume the two goods in a fixed proportion of one-to-one, i.e. CF = CE (there is no substitution between the goods). Suppose now that the labor force of the Home country is 6 times as big (i.e. 180 units, instead of 30). How does this increase in labor force at Home change the pattern of trade? Will the gains from trade for the Home country be higher or lower now? What happens to the welfare of the…Consider an economy with 3 agents, Mohammed (M), David (D) and Susan (S). There are two goods available, good x, and good y. The marginal rates of substitution (where good x is on the horizontal axis and good y is on the vertical axis) are given by for Mohammed, for David and for Mohammed and David are both consuming twice as much of the good x than good y, while Susan is consuming equal amounts of x and y. A. What are the conditions for Pareto efficiency in an exchange economy? B. Are these consumption levels economically efficient? C. Can these consumption allocations be observed in a perfectly competitive equilibrium in an exchange economy without production? Explain.In this problem, we want to think about the difficulties that governments face in agreeing to significantly reduce CO2 emissions in order to control climate change. In the context of climate change, what phenomenon does China’s utility function capture? What does this exercise tell us about the limitations of the first welfare theorem? What do you think is an important aspect of trade in reality which is not captured by this model?
- Suppose country A has 5000 units of capital and 2000 units of labor while country B has 6000 units of capital and 3000 units of labor: A: Which country is capital abundant and which one is labor abundant? Explain! Now suppose the production one unit of good X requires 3 units of capital and 2 units of labor and the production of one unit of good Y requires 6 units of capital and 3 units of labor. B: Which good is the capital intensive good and which one is the labor intensive good? Explain!! C: Which country should specialize in and export good X and which country should specialize in and export good Y. Explain!!! D: Using appropriate graphs, demonstrate that trade is beneficial if two countries have identical technology but different preferences. Does a country specialize in producing the good where they have the strongest preference? Explain DO D Foe answers for A, B and C -…Suppose country A has 5000 units of capital and 2000 units of labor while country B has 6000 units of capital and 3000 units of labor: A: Which country is capital abundant and which one is labor abundant? Explain! Now suppose the production one unit of good X requires 3 units of capital and 2 units of labor and the production of one unit of good Y requires 6 units of capital and 3 units of labor. B: Which good is the capital intensive good and which one is the labor intensive good? Explain!! C: Which country should specialize in and export good X and which country should specialize in and export good Y. Explain!!! D: Using appropriate graphs, demonstrate that trade is beneficial if two countries have identical technology but different preferences. Does a country specialize in producing the good where they have the strongest preference? ExplainDebra can make either 12 cakes or 16 cookies in 4 hours. Sam can make either 6 cakes or 12 cookies in 4 hours.c. If both Debra and Sam concentrate on producing only the product in which they havea comparative advantage, how many cakes and how many cookies will they produce?
