Consider Rh(II) and Ti(II). How many microstates are there for each of these ions?

Q: Calculate the work (in kJ) when 4.34 mol of solid ammonium chloride, NH4CI, decomposes completely to…

A: Moles of NH4Cl = 4.34 mol Temperature of HCl = 1676 K  1 KiloJoule = 1000 Joule We have to find the…

Q: Explain Internal energy (U)?

A: Internal energy is the total energy contained in a system, so it is equal to the sum of all possible…

Q: If a reaction occurs very slowly and is endothermic then it cannot be spontaneous. True or false?

A: Spontanious reaction means the ability of the reaction to procede to right right i.e. towards the…

Q: When ammonium chloride is added to water and stirred, it dissolves spontaneously and the resulting…

A: When ammonium chloride is added to water and stirred, it dissolves spontaneously and the resulting…

Q: what is a tharmodaynamic

A: Thermodynamics is a branch of science in which we study about the change in temperature or heat…

Q: After a snowfall the snow compacts and when the sun shines on it, it sublimes readily.  What is the…

A: Given :  After a snowfall the snow compacts and when the sun shines on it, it sublimes readily.…

Q: A woman shuts her summer cottage up in September and returns in June. No one has entered the cottage…

A: A woman shuts her summer cottage up in September and returns in June. No one has entered the cottage…

Q: Restate the first and second law of thermodynamics.

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of physical science that gives the relation between heat, energy,…

Q: Suppose we redefine the standard state as P = 2 atm. Find the new standard ΔGf​ values of each…

A: a). HCl(g) The standard state has P= 2 atm.

Q: The Internal energy of a system will always be negative if work is done by the system and heat is…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: It refers to how a circumstance can occur without the help of any external factors? a. Enthalpy O b.…

A:

Q: 5.2 c  The diagram on the far left in the row showsa system before a process. Which of thediagrams…

A: According to first law of thermodynamics, the internal energy change of the system is equal to the…

Q: Which thermodynamic quantities are not a state function?

A: Both path and state functions are frequently faced in thermodynamics. A thermodynamic property whose…

Q: Given the following chemical reaction and standard thermodynamic quantities in the table,…

A: Given the following chemical reaction and standard thermodynamic quantities in the table,…

Q: why do so many thermodynamic processes happen in one direction but never the reverse?

A: There are two types of thermodynamic process based on the reversibility of the process- irreversible…

Q: Determine ∆G° for the phase change CO₂(g) → CO₂(aq) at 25°C.

A:

Q: Describe the first and second laws of thermodynamics and how they relate tochemical reactions.

A: To find: The description about first and second laws of thermodynamics

Q: When a system is at absolute zero, it has only one microstate. O True O False

A: Ans Microstates are number of possible accessible states or accessibility of the population of the…

Q: Automobile airbags contain solid sodium azide, NaN,, that reacts to produce nitroge 2 NaN, (s) 2…

A:

Q: Use the Standard Thermodynamic Properties table to calculate ΔHo for the following reaction:…

A: Thermodynamic is the branch of chemistry that mainly deals with the heat transfer between system and…

Q: What do standard states have to do with free-energy changes?

A: Standard state is like the reference state of the substance, the phase of the substance usually…

Q: The standard enthalpy change for the following reaction is 1.39x10* kJ at 298 K Mn304(s)3 Mn(s) + 2…

A: Hess's law:The enthalpy change of a reaction is equal to the sum of enthalpy changes in each step.

Q: What thermodynamic quantity is used to determine whether a chemical reaction will proceed…

A: In the thermodynamic system we can determine which reaction is spontaneously or which reaction is…

Q: Given one mole of each, which of the following has the highest number of accessible microstates?…

A: As the entropy increases, the microstates also increase.

Q: III of thermodynamics. Explain your law.

A:

Q: Which of the following is the correct statement about first law of thermodynamics? O Frist law of…

A: According to first law thermodynamics,  energy can neither be created nor be destroyed.

Q: Given the ∆H°f, calculate the ∆H°rxn for the formation of diamond from graphite.  ∆H°f (C, graphite)…

A: The reaction is  C (graphite) -----> C (diamond) Since the ∆H°rxn = ∆H°f of products - ∆H°f  of…

Q: The dissolution of CaCl2 in water is product-favored, but the temperature of the surrounding water…

A: Change in entropy of mixing of gases (∆S)- Entropy of mixing of gases is always positive Because…

Q: Explain the difference between macrostates and microstates?

A: Macrostates and microstates are two chemical concepts which is involved in thermodynamic system. The…

Q: The industrial synthesis of chloroform by the reaction of methane with Cl2 is carried out according…

A: The given equation is not balanced, so the first step is to balance the equation.  CH4 (g) + 3Cl2…

Q: For the reaction A + B ® C + D, DH° = +40 kJ and DS° = +50 J/K. Therefore, the reaction under…

A: At standard situation, Temperature=273K

Q: List the 3 conditions necessary for determining the standard change in a thermodynamic property,…

A: S is the entropy or the randomness of the thermodynamic system.  G is the Gibbs free energy of the…

Q: Explain the difference between macrostates (external arrangements of particles) and microstates…

A: Microstate and macrostate both are two types of arrangements.  A microstate is the possible internal…

Q: 3. The maximum quantity of energy available for useful work in a system undergoing change is: A)…

A: The maximum amount of useful work is the work that has been done including expenditure of energy.

Q: Without doing any calculations, deduce the signs of ∆G, ∆H, and ∆S for the process.

A:

Q: What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for the spontaneous conversion of a crystalline solid into a…

A: Conversion of a crystalline solid into gas requires addition of energy.  A reaction that absorbs…

Q: Consider the following thermodynamic data which refer to 298 K. Substance SO2(g) Cl2(3) SO2CI2(g)

A: Hess's Law: The enthalpy and entropy changes of a reaction is calculated by using Hess's law, it is…

Q: Is the standard free-energy change, ∆G°, always larger than ∆G?

A: solution;   ∆Go not always larger than ∆G,

Q: 2) A dog's bowl with 1000 g of water was left out overnight in the South Valley last night, when the…

A: Solution - Enthalpy - Enthalpy is  the sum of the internal energy and the product of the pressure…

Q: The number of microstates

A:

Q: What is a standard state?

A: In chemistry, the standard state of a material is a reference point used to calculate its properties…

Q: Define Thermodynamics ?

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of physical science which deals with the relations among heat and other…

Q: Which of the following processes are spontaneous and which are nonspontaneous: (a) the ripening of a…

A: Spontaneous process The process that can take place without the assistance of any external factor is…

Q: What is the significance of the sign of ΔHºrxn?

A: The ΔHºrxn is called the enthalpy of the reaction, or the heat of the reaction. The enthalpy is…

Q: How is Hess's Law related to the First Law of Thermodynamics?

A: Hess' s law is related to first law of thermodynamics as follows:

Q: Suppose we redefine the standard state as P = 2 atm. Find the new standard  values of each…

A:

Q: () What are the thermodynamlc quantitles of a system that affect the amount and sign of the Internal…

A: a. i. The thermodynamic quantities of a system that affect the amount and sign of the internal…

Q: Explain Thermodynamic Processes?

A: The four types of thermodynamic process are isobaric, isochoric, isothermal and adiabatic.

Q: Is this a spontaneous or nonspontaneous process?

A: Is this a spontaneous or nonspontaneous process?

Solutions

Solutions can be considered as homogeneous mixtures which contain two or more than two chemical substances. The chemical substance which is the greater part is defined as solvent. And the chemical substance that is dissolved in a solvent is referred to as solute. Solution chemistry plays an important role in chemistry since it supports many commercial applications of solutions.