Consider the investment function of the IS model. Suppose that in the long-run 20% of GDP is spent on investment. Moreover, a one percentage-point increase of the real interest rate reduces the share of investment in GDP by one percentage point. Suppose that at some time t the real interest rate is equal to -1% while the rate of return of physical capital (think of it as the marginal product of capital) is 3%. What is the share of investment in GDP at time t?
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- Would you expect capital deepening to result in diminished1etmns? Why or why not? Would you expect improvements in technology to result in diminished returns? Why or why not?assume elsa has current income of $50000 and expects income of $60000 next period. interest rate is 6% elsa desires to have the same amount of consumption expenditure during both periods. in the two period certainty framework, determine how much elsa's expenditures are during each period is elsa a saver or spenderConsider an economy called Xanadu for which desired aggregate consumptiondepends on income, Y. and the real interest rate, r, according toCd =100+0.7Y - 200r.Xanadu's GDP is Y = 1000 and government spending on goods and services is G=180. Xanadu's desired future capital stock is given byK* = 140 - 100ucwhere luCdenotes the user-cost of capital. The price of capital is PK =2, thephysical depreciation rate is d =0.1 and the existing capital stock is K0= 50. Trapital stock between any period t and the following period t+1 evolves accordng toKt+1 = It+(1-d)Kt where It the level of investment. Assume throughout that net factor payments from abroad (NFP) is equal to zero.Suppose instead that Xanadu is a small open economy facing a world interest rate of 1%. It follows that Xanadu's current account position is equal toA) -16B) -51C) -6D) -8
- Scenario 2Suppose the marginal product of capital is MPK=2-0.001K, the capital stock depreciates at 20% rate, the tax rate on revenues is 20% and price of capital is assumned to be 1. Furthermore, the economy has full-employment level of output of 5000, government purchases are 1000. Desired consumption is given by C^d=3000-2000r+0.1Y, where Y is output and r is expected real interest rate. Initial level of capital is 1000.Refer to Scenario 2. what is the expression for desired gross investment ? A) I^d=950-1250r B)I^d=950+1250r C)I^d=1750-1250r D)I^d=1950-1250r.Suppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:A - Suppose that a = 2, g = 0.02, the inflation rate is expected to be steady at pi = 0.03, and the tax rate is .40. What are the values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?B - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the growth rate of the economy increases to .04, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?C -…Suppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:D - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the expected inflation rate declings to 0.01, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before tax expected real interest rate?E - From these results, what general conclusions can you draw about the relationship between the nominal interest rate and the rate of economic growth, the tax rate, and the inflation rate? what about the relationship between the before…
- Suppose that firms produce according to the production function Y = AK1/2L1/2, where A = 5 andL = 400. Assume that the prices of capital and output are equal and that the real interest rate, r, isequal to 0.25 and the depreciation rate, δ, is equal to 0.1.1. If firms operate according to the neoclassical theory of investment, what is the optimal levelof capital stock, K (YP) to rich (YR).22. Suppose that the government offers an investment tax credit which changes the relative priceof capital. This results in Pk = 3 and P = 6. What is the new optimal level of capital stock,K??3. Does the investment tax credit have an expansionary impact on the economy? Explain whyor why not.4. Based on the optimal capital stock computed in part (2), what is the level of investmentneeded to sustain this level of capital stock?What are the equilibrium effects of an increase in the depreciation rate? Explain using the two period model with consumption - saving as well as labor - leisure choice. Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism. Answer completely and accurate answer. Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.National Income: Where It Comes From and Where It Goes — End of Chapter Problem If consumption depends on the interest rate, saving will also depend on it. In particular, the higher the interest rate, the greater will be the return to saving. Hence, the supply of loanable funds will be represented by an upward-sloping, rather than a vertical, curve. National saving is the sum of public saving and private saving. Investment in this analysis is private investment. It does not include public investment.
- What could increase autonomous consumption (Ca)? a) An increase in the products price level. b) A decrease in consumer wealth. c) A decrease in income taxes. d) A decrease in the Index of Consumer Confidence e) An expectation of lower future inflationHula hoop fabricators cost 100 $ each. The Hi-Ho Hula HOOP Company (HHHHC) is trying to decide how many of these machines to buy. HHHHC expects to produce the following number of hoops each year for each level of capital stock shown. Number of Fabricators Number of hoops produced per year 0 0 1 100 2 150 3 180 4 195 5 205 6 210 Hula hoops have a real value of 1 $ each. HHHHC has no other costs of Fabricators. Find the expected future marginal product of capital (MPKf) in terms of Dollars for each level of capital. If the real interest rate is 12 % per year and the depreciation rate of capital is 20 % per year, find the user cost of capital. How many fabricators should HHHHC buy? Repeat part (b) for real interest rate of 8 % per year. Repeat part (b) for a 40 % tax on HHHHC sales revenue. A technical innovation doubles the number of hoops a fabricator can produce. How many fabricators should HHHHC buy when the real interest…A. Explain the concept of Ricardian Equivalence. Do you believe it holds in practice? Why or why not? Explain. B. Under what circumstances might an increase in worldwide interest rates r* be beneficial for a small open economy (SOE)? Explain. C. What argument, based on macroeconomic theory, might a government use to justify shutting down a newspaper critical of its policies? If you were asked to provide a counterargument, what would it be? Explain.