Copper Iron Zinc Magnesium Calcium Males, epileptic 14 6 211 329 947 Males, nonepileptic 200 960 19 259 Females, epileptic 10 7 218 444 1,143 Females, nonepileptic 16 15 218 505 1,162 Average trace element concentrations (ug/g) in scalp hair 1. If it were possible to measure the presence of copper in the hair of all males with epilepsy in the world, do you think the average would be exactly 14 pg/g? Explain your thinking.
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- A survey across generations of workers gathered data on engagement at work. The results for a sample of 1,000 workers are in the accompanying contingency table. At the 0.10level of significance, is there evidence of a significant relationship between generation and level of engagement in the workplace? Contingency Table GENERATION LEVEL OF ENGAGEMENT Millennials Gen Xers Baby Boomers Traditionalists Total Engaged 96 110 94 12 312 Not Engaged 199 176 130 10 515 Actively Disengaged 53 59 54 7 173 Total Question content area bottom Part 1 What are the null and alternative hypotheses to test? H0: No relationship exists between generation and level of engagement. H1: A relationship exists between generation and level of engagement. Part 2…Aircraft primer paints are applied to aluminum surfaces to improve paint adhesion. Theprocess engineering group responsible for this operation is interested in learning whetherthree different primers differ in their adhesion properties. An experiment was designed andconducted to investigate the effect of paint primer type on paint adhesion. For each primertype, six specimens were painted, then a finish paint was applied, and the adhesion force wasmeasured. The data from the experiment are shown in the following table.Adhesion force (MPa)Primer Type X 4.5 4.5 4 5 5.5 5Y 5.5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7Z 3.5 4 3 4 5 4.5a) What type of experiment is this? What type of analysis id needed for the investigation?Break down the details and parameters of this experiment design. You must list theparameters that were considered in the design and also mention the quantity of each.b) Does primer type make a significant impact on adhesion, at 5% significance level?In their study of the effectiveness of cardiac catheterization, McClellan,McNeil, and Newhouse (1994) used as an instrument the difference indistance to cardiac catheterization and regular hospitals. How could youdetermine whether this instrument is relevant? How could you determinewhether this instrument is exogenous?
- A paper in the Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders reported the following data on the amount of dextroamphetamine excreted by a sample of children having organically related disorders and a sample of children with nonorganic disorders (dextroamphetamine is a drug commonly used to treat hyperkinetic children). Organic: 17.53, 20.60, 17.62, 28.93, 27.10 Nonorganic: 15.59, 14.76, 13.32, 12.45, 12.79 (Observations refer to percentage of recovery of the drug seven hours after its administration.) If we assume that the variances of the two groups of children are unequal, determine whether the true average percentages of recovery for the two conditions are equal at significance level 0.01A study of fox rabies in southern Germany gave the following information about different regions and the occurrence of rabies in each region. A random sample of n1 = 16 locations in region 1 gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x1: Region I Data 3 7 8 7 5 8 8 1 3 3 3 2 5 1 4 6 A second random sample of n2 = 15 locations in region II gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x2: Region II Data 4 2 4 1 3 8 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 6 9 Note: If a two-sample t-test is appropriate, for degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.Use a calculator with sample mean and sample standard deviation keys to find x1 and s1 in region I, and x2 and s2 in region II. (Round your answers to two…New research suggests that the occurrence of celiac disease in a subject depends on the subject’s gender and whether the subject already has another autoimmune disorder (such as Hashimoto disease and/or Type I Diabetes). Researchers collected information from 860 patients complaining of gastrointestinal discomfort. data celiac; input gender $ hashimoto $ t1diabetes $ positive total; cards; female yes yes 27 124 female yes no 21 133 female no yes 22 117 female no no 16 109 male yes yes 14 95 male yes no 14 87 male no yes 9 97 male no no 11 99 ; run; title "Logistic model with gender"; proc logistic data=celiac; class gender (ref='male') / param=ref; model positive/total = gender; run; title "Logistic model with gender adjusted for presence of autoimune (t1diabetes and hashimoto) diseases"; proc logistic data=celiac; class gender (ref='male') / param=ref; class hashimoto (ref='no') / param=ref; class t1diabetes (ref='no') / param=ref; model positive/total = gender hashimoto…
- Colonoscopy is a medical procedure that is designed to find and remove precancerous lesions in the colon before they become cancerous. The article “Association of Colonoscopy and Death from Colorectal Cancer” (N. Baxter, M. Goldwasser, et al., Annals of Internal Medicine, 2009:1–8) reports that in a sample of 10,292 people diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 7.0% had previously had a colonoscopy, and in a sample of 51,460 people without colorectal cancer, 9.8% had previously had a colonoscopy. Can you conclude that the percentage of people who have had colonoscopies is greater in those without colorectal cancer?A study of fox rabies in a country gave the following information about different regions and the occurrence of rabies in each region. A random sample of n1 = 16 locations in region I gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x1: Region I Data 2 8 8 8 6 8 8 1 3 3 3 2 5 1 4 6 A second random sample of n2 = 15 locations in region II gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x2: Region II Data 1 1 5 1 4 8 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 6 9 (i) Use a calculator with sample mean and sample standard deviation keys to calculate x1 and s1 in region I, and x2 and s2 in region II. (Round your answers to two decimal places.) x1 = s1 = x2 = s2 = (ii) Does this information indicate that there is a difference (either way) in the mean number of cases of fox rabies between the two regions? Use a 5% level of significance. (Assume the distribution of rabies cases in both regions is…A study of fox rabies in southern Germany gave the following information about different regions and the occurrence of rabies in each region. A random sample of n1 = 16 locations in region 1 gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x1: Region I Data 1 7 7 6 5 8 8 1 3 3 3 2 5 1 4 6 A second random sample of n2 = 15 locations in region II gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x2: Region II Data 3 2 1 4 2 8 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 6 9 Note: If a two-sample t-test is appropriate, for degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.Use a calculator with sample mean and sample standard deviation keys to find x1 and s1 in region I, and x2 and s2 in region II. (Round your answers to two decimal…
- A study of fox rabies in southern Germany gave the following information about different regions and the occurrence of rabies in each region. A random sample of n1 = 16 locations in region 1 gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x1: Region I Data 1 7 7 6 5 8 8 1 3 3 3 2 5 1 4 6 A second random sample of n2 = 15 locations in region II gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x2: Region II Data 3 2 1 4 2 8 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 6 9 Note: If a two-sample t-test is appropriate, for degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.Use a calculator with sample mean and sample standard deviation keys to find x1 and s1 in region I, and x2 and s2 in region II. (Round your answers to two decimal…A study of fox rabies in southern Germany gave the following information about different regions and the occurrence of rabies in each region. A random sample of n1 = 16 locations in region 1 gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x1: Region I Data 2 7 7 7 7 8 8 1 3 3 3 2 5 1 4 6 A second random sample of n2 = 15 locations in region II gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x2: Region II Data 1 3 4 3 3 8 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 6 9 (a) Does this information indicate that there is a difference (either way) in the mean number of cases of fox rabies between the two regions? Use a 5% level of significance. (Assume the distribution of rabies cases in both regions is mound-shaped and approximately normal.) (i) What is the level of significance?State the null and alternate hypotheses. H0: μ1 ≠ μ2; H1: μ1 = μ2H0: μ1 = μ2; H1: μ1 ≠ μ2 H0: μ1 > μ2; H1: μ1 = μ2 H0: μ1 = μ2;…A study of fox rabies in southern Germany gave the following information about different regions and the occurrence of rabies in each region. A random sample of n1 = 16 locations in region 1 gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x1: Region I Data 2 7 7 7 7 8 8 1 3 3 3 2 5 1 4 6 A second random sample of n2 = 15 locations in region II gave the following information about the number of cases of fox rabies near that location. x2: Region II Data 1 3 4 3 3 8 5 4 4 4 2 2 5 6 9 (b) Find a 95% confidence interval for μ1 − μ2. (Round your answers to two decimal places.) lower limit upper limit