CREATE A CEPT MAP FROM THIS PASSAGE: In this article, we will discuss polyatomic ions. The prefix poly means many, so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom. Examples of monatomic ions include Na¹, Fe, Cl and many, many others. We can think about polyatomic ions by comparing them to monatomic ions. A monatomic ion is an atom that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. The ion has a net charge because the total number of electrons is not balanced by the total number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, compared to the neutral atom, we have extra electrons-in the case of a negatively charged anion-or not enough electrons-in the case of a positively charged cation. Similarly, we can think of a polyatomic ion as a molecule that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. In a polyatomic ion, the group of covalently bonded atoms carries a net charge because the total number of electrons in the molecule is not equal to the total number of protons in the molecule. Examples of polyatomic ions include NH, CO,2, PO,, and many others.

CREATE A CEPT MAP FROM THIS PASSAGE: In this article, we will discuss polyatomic ions. The prefix poly means many, so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom. Examples of monatomic ions include Na¹, Fe, Cl and many, many others. We can think about polyatomic ions by comparing them to monatomic ions. A monatomic ion is an atom that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. The ion has a net charge because the total number of electrons is not balanced by the total number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, compared to the neutral atom, we have extra electrons-in the case of a negatively charged anion-or not enough electrons-in the case of a positively charged cation. Similarly, we can think of a polyatomic ion as a molecule that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. In a polyatomic ion, the group of covalently bonded atoms carries a net charge because the total number of electrons in the molecule is not equal to the total number of protons in the molecule. Examples of polyatomic ions include NH, CO,2, PO,, and many others.

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter2: Chemical Compounds

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 118QRT

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Sodium ions, Na+, form ionic compounds with fluoride ions, F, and iodide ions, I. The radii of these ions are as follows: Na+ = 116 pm; F = 119 pm; and l = 206 pm. In which ionic compound, NaF or Nal, are the forces of attraction between cation and anion stronger? Explain your answer.
The “Chemistry in Focus” segment Sugar of Lead discusses Pb(C2H3O2)2 , which originally was known as sugar of lead. Why was it called sugar of lead? What is the systematic name for Pb(C2H3O2)2? Why is it necessary to have a system for the naming of chemical compounds?
Ions that form from one atom on the Periodic Table are call monatomic ions. However not all ionic bonds are formed with monatomic ions, polyatomic ions can form ionic bonds as well. The prefix poly- means many and atomic refers to atoms, so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom. Examples of monatomic ions include Na+, Fe3+, Cl-, and many, many others. We can think about polyatomic ions by comparing them to monatomic ions. A monatomic ion is an atom that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. The ion has a net charge because the total number of electrons is not balanced by the total number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, compared to the neutral atom, we have extra electrons—in the case of a negatively charged anion—or not enough electrons—in the case of a positively charged cation. For example, a neutral chlorine atom has an atomic number of 17, which means it has 17…
1. Consider adding a single H+ to the polyatomic ion phosphate. What is the formula of the new ion (including its charge)? What is the name of the new ion? 2. The metals in Group IIIA, IVA and VA of the periodic table are not transition metals. However, all but 1 have variable charges. What element in Group IIIA, Period 3 has a fixed charge, and what is that charge? 3. Describe the difference between molecular and ionic compounds.
Here are the formulas for each substance: Sucrose: C12H22O11C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}C12H22O11 Copper (I) Chloride: CuClCuClCuCl Iodine: I2I_2I2 Potassium Iodide: KIKIKI Our goal is to try to find a pattern for which compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water, and which don't. One hint is to look for patterns in which kinds of atoms form substances that conduct when dissolved, and which kinds of atoms form substances that don't conduct when dissolved. Here is a periodic table you can use. Let's start by finding the location on the periodic table for the atoms for substances that conduct when dissolved. What do you notice about where the atoms are?
Read: On page three, paragraph one reads, "As the prefix, poly means many and atomic is related to atoms. An ion with more than one atom is a polyatomic ion. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monoatomic ions, which contain only one atom." A polyatomic ion is a group of covalently bonded atoms, with the total number of protons not equal to the total number of electrons. Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons, resulting in a net charge. On page one paragraph two it says. "The Octet rule describes the tendency of atoms to prefer valence shells with eight electrons. Atoms react and tend to create more stable compounds since they have fewer electrons. When discussing the octet rule, d or f electrons are not considered." According to the octet rule, atoms typically have eight electrons in their valence shell. Elements in the S block and P-block follow the Octet rule. On page two, paragraph one, "To draw a Lewis Structure, start with the atomic symbol in the middle, then…
1. Compare cations, anions, and polyatomic ions. What do they all have in common? How are they different? 2. How can the periodic table help to remember the charges on the simple ions of the representative elements? 3. Is there more than one chemical name that can be used for baking soda?
Write the symbol for F, Cl, Br, I, O when they react to form ions. Are they cations or anions?
The following list contains some common polyatomic ions. nitrate NO3- phosphate PO4-3 sulfate SO4-2 acetate C2H3O2-1 ammonium NH4+ chromate CrO4-2 carbonate CO3-2 dichromate Cr2O7-2 permanganate MnO4-1 Using the charge on these ions and the idea of valence, predict the formula for the following: potassium chromate K 2(CrO) 4 K 2CrO 4 K(CrO 4) 2 KCrO 4
Another important piece of information we can get from the chemical formula is if the compound is ionic or covalent. Ionic compounds, generally, have elements that gain or lose electrons to hold opposite charges to create an attraction, while covalent have only nonmetals that share their electrons. This is a pretty important distinction and for the most part, ionic compounds are going to be made from metals and a nonmetal or a metal and a polyatomic ion - seeing a metal in the formula is a pretty good indicator if the substance is ionic or not. Given the compounds below, which one is most likely to be ionic? Options: Cl2 CO2 Na3PO4 C6H12O6
Some of the names below are incorrect. Beside each name, write an “X” for an incorrect name and a “✔” for a correct name. For each incorrect name, explain what is wrong and why it is incorrect. I attatched the chart as well as my answers. I was unsure if the ending of the polyatomic names were changed to "ide" or not. I have also found that some periodic tables have more charges on elements than others, so I wasn't sure if Chlorine was a multivalent metal or not, as different periodic tables said different things. Thanks.

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