Q: Define enhanceosome.
A: The enhanceosome can be defined as:
Q: Describe chromatin when the CpG islands are methylated?
A: The eukaryotic chromosome is made of half DNA and half proteins. Out of total proteins, one half is…
Q: Why are some chromosomal regions amplified/deleted in a specific manner in certain tumor types?
A: Chromosomal amplification: Chromosomal amplification can be explained as the increase in the amount…
Q: Name four downstream effects of p53 activation.
A: Gene expression is usually accomplished through mRNA transcription and protein synthesis. p53 is a…
Q: Describe how reversible chemical changes to histones are linked to chromatin modification.
A: Histones are basic proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus and allow it to condense in chromatin…
Q: Once pioneer transcription factors bind and attract chromatin remodelers, what do these chromatin…
A: The pioneer transcription factors are activators, they can associate with condensed chromatin. It…
Q: Define histone code.
A: Histone code is the hypothesis that the transcrition of genetic information encoded in DNA is in…
Q: Which is the transcription is catalysed by RNA polymerase?
A: Transcription is a process in which DNA sequence of a gene is copied into RNA and for this DNA helix…
Q: Distinguish between general and regulatory transcription factors.
A: The transcription factors are protein that controls the transcription rate of genetic information…
Q: During S phase, how are histonesand their modifying enzymescontrolled to replicate…
A: Cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing called a cell cycle. The cell cycle is the…
Q: Changes in chromatin packing correlate with changes in gene expression in most cells. Why do you…
A: The chromosomes resemble a mass of extremely fine tangled string called chromatin, consisting of DNA…
Q: Where are DNase I hypersensitivity sites found, and what do they indicate about the nature of…
A: Deoxy ribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material of most organisms that carry coded genetic…
Q: Explain Molecular Mechanisms of Transcription Repression and Activation.
A: MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF TRANSCRIPTION : during transcription , a DNA molecule is copied into RNA…
Q: Define transcription unit.
A: Transcription unit is a stretch of DNA that encodes a single RNA molecule and other sequences…
Q: Briefly describe three ways that ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes may change chromatin…
A: In past few years, for the identification and characterization of the ATP-dependent…
Q: How do chromatin modifications regulate transcription?
A: Chromatin is a complex of protein and DNA, present in eukaryotic cells. Its main function is to pack…
Q: Explain briefly the transcription termination stage.
A: The method of producing an RNA copy of a gene sequence is known as transcription. This duplicate,…
Q: scribe how the acetylation of core histones may loosen chromatin packing.
A: DNA is the genetic material is usually found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. DNA is made up…
Q: Define promoter-fusion.
A: Promoter-fusion are useful to understand gene expression. A promoter is a sequence of DNA that…
Q: Define the Chromatin Remodeling ?
A: Genes are the hereditary unit of an organism. The genes have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) which code…
Q: How might nucleosome eviction affect transcription?
A: If the nucleosome is repositioned from its original place. Two possibilities might be seen- 1)The…
Q: Define how chromatin signature is a powerfuland reliable predictor of MAE activity ?
A: MAE( Monoallelic gene expression) is the phenomenon of the gene expression, when only one of the two…
Q: Define about Chromatin Remodeling ?
A: The DNA is packed into the nucleus by using the protein. The chromatin is a DNA- protein complex.…
Q: Describe the ATM-p53 repair pathway in normal cells and cancerous cells
A: Apoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanism of cell death, which is important for the…
Q: Where do regulatory transcription factors bind relative to a gene sequence?
A: Transcription factors are proteins that affect the rate of gene transcription by binding to…
Q: Explain the chromatin remodeling complexes ?
A: In eukaryotes, the DNA is firmly twisted and tightly coiled into a complex called Chromatin. This…
Q: Describe gene regulation by CpG islands.
A: Gene regulation can be defined as a mechanism that functions to stimulate or repress gene…
Q: Explain Different Stages in Transcription Process.
A: Gene is the basic unit of heredity of all life forms. This is found to be transferable from the…
Q: Describe the usual flow of genetic information in a cell.
A: Central dogma Describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins. RNA…
Q: What do you mean by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation?
A: Chromatin immunoprecipitation is an experimental technique used to investigate protein DNA…
Q: Some cancers are consistently associated with the deletion of a particularpart of a chromosome. Does…
A: Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that encode for proteins required for the promotion of cell cycle.…
Q: Illustrate the process of transcription initiation ?
A: Transcription is a process of synthesizing RNA over DNA template. Out of the two DNA strands, one…
Q: In eukaryotic transcription what is the function of a histone chaperone? Of a chromatin remodeling…
A: The eukaryotic transcription process occurs in the nucleus and it results in the formation of RNA…
Q: Explain the channels of the interchromatin compartments ?
A: The nucleus is the most important organelle present in the eukaryotic cells and is made up of a…
Q: Describe the transcription.
A: DNA is a genetic substance found in all living organisms, from single-celled microbes to…
Q: Define repressors?
A: Regulation of gene expression is the mechanism of switching off and switching on the genes depending…
Q: Contrast the structures and mobilization mechanisms ofretrotransposons and DNA transposons.
A: The DNA segments that move from one region in the genome into another region are called transposable…
Q: Contrast the mobilization mechanisms ofretrotransposons and DNA transposons.
A: Transposable elements (TEs) are the small segments of DNA that can move from one position to other…
Q: Explain Termination of transcription by rho specific protein
A: The Rho factor is a protein that is involved in termination of transcription in prokaryotes. Rho…
Q: Histones can be modified to turn genes on and off. Which type of chromatin is associated with…
A: Chromatin is a complex form of DNA molecule and Histone protein which was found in eukaryotic…
Q: Explain how the acetylation of core histones may loosen chromatin packing.
A: DNA is the genetic element in all cell types of prokaryotic and eukaryotic. DNA is double stranded…
Q: Define inducer and repressor.
A: The gene expression results in the production of a functional protein. The synthesis of protein…
Q: Explain the fate of transferred chromosomal DNA ifrecombination does not occur in the recipient…
A: Conjugation, transformation, and transduction are the three processes through which a cell can…
Q: Discuss promoter clearance
A: The promoter clearance means that " any process associated with the transition from the start to the…
Q: Describe one way of mapping the location of histones on the gencome.
A: The DNA in a eukaryotic cell's nucleus is bundled into chromatin, whose fundamental building block,…
Q: Define the epigenetic mechanisms - chromatin remodeling bythe addition or removal of chemical groups…
A: Introduction Expression of gene is highly under control by various mechanisms such as histone…
Define chromatin-mediated repression.
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