DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
Describe the structure and complementary base pairing of DNA.
DNA is made up of molecules known as nucleotides.Each nucleotides contains a
- Phosphate group
- Sugar group
- Nitrogen base
Complementary Nitrogenous bases are divided into two groups
- Pyrimidines
- Purines
Four types of nitrogen bases are:
- Adenine(purines)
- Thymine(pyrimidines)
- Guanine(purines)
- Cytosine(pyrimidines)
Nucleotides are attached together to form long strand which spiral to create a structure known as double helix.
Double helix structure can be simplified by thinking them as a ladder.
Phosphate and sugar molecules will be sides of ladder and bases will be rings.
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