Design a chloromethylketone inhibitor of elastase.

Q: Identify the biochemical advantages that the glyoxylate cycle provides.

A: The glyoxylate cycle bypasses the decarboxylation steps of the citric acid cycle. where the…

Q: Draw the structures of the activated carbon groups bound to thiamine pyrophosphate in three enzymes…

A: Thiamine pyrophosphate or TPP is a coenzyme. It decarboxylates the alpha keto-acid and a covalent…

Q: Isocitrate lyase cleaves the 6-carbon isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate.Draw a plausible…

A: Isocitrate lyase is an enzyme in the glycoxylate cycle that catalyzes the cleavage of isocitrate to…

Q: Discuss the Anaplerotic reactions of TCA cycle.

A: The term amphibolic is used to describe a biochemical mechanism that includes both catabolism and…

Q: Why do haloarchaea use the methylaspartate rather than the glyoxylate cycle for the incorporation of…

A: Haloarchea is the group of archaea that belong to the kingdom Euryarchaeota found in highly…

Q: Using the half reactions from the given table, what is the reaction of this reduction-oxidation?

A: Tricarboxylic acid cycle is the final common oxidative pathway for oxidation of carbs, fats and…

Q: Explain why deaminase activity must be determined immediately followingthe addition of ferric…

A: Step 1 The phenylalanine deaminase test is used to test the ability of an organism in order to…

Q: Explain the product of krebs cycle ли details

A: Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus are usually defined as they are been made up of…

Q: What are clinical benefits of biphosphonates use?

A: The main framework of the body is the skeleton and it helps in supporting and protecting the organs,…

Q: Propose a metabolic I pathway for methotrexate

A: Methotrexate and its active polyglutamate metabolites interfere with several intracellular metabolic…

Q: Describe the application of transamination in the biosynthesis of shikimate derivatives. Show how…

A: Shikimic is derived from the Japanese flower shikimi (Japanese star anise, Illicium anisatum), from…

Q: Draw the mechanism of transamination with pyridoxalphosphate.

A: Pyridoxal phosphate is a vitamin B6 derivative act as an intermediate during transamination reaction…

Q: One mechanism by which lead exerts its poisonous effect on enzymes can be stopped by chelation…

A: Lead act as poison by binding to different enzymes. Lead is soluble in water when it is present in…

Q: Write a mechanism for the formation of acetoin from acetolactate using acetolactate synthase.

A: Acetolactate synthase condolences pyruvate molecules. The product is acetolactate which is also…

Q: What is Krebs cycle? Write 2 important intermediates produced in this cycle?

A: Krebs cycle is a part of metabolic pathway in aerobic organisms. Citric acid, alpha keto glutaric…

Q: explain procedure of Regulation of kerbcycle

A: Kreb’s cycle is also known as the citric acid cycle or TCA cycle. It is a cyclic process through…

Q: Show the carbon atom that changes oxidation state during the reaction catalyzed by…

A: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the sixth step of glycolysis in…

Q: Identify the substrates for the nine-reaction Krebs cycle and the overall products.

A: The citric acid cycle or the Krebs cycle is the major cycle that forms ATP. It is a closed cyclic…

Q: List all the enzymes necessary and in the right sequence for the complete hydrolysis of ganglioside…

A: Ceramide combines with an oligosaccharide unit, to form a ganglioside. These molecules are primarily…

Q: Write the overall reaction for the conversion of acetylCoA and oxaloacetate to succinate by citric…

A: The citric acid cycle is the sequential chemical reaction that takes place in aerobic organisms…

Q: Propose a reasonable biosynthesis for compound 34 starting from acetyl CoA, alanine CoA, malonyl CoA…

A: Acetyl Co A is involved in my biochemical reactions (carbohydrate and lipid metabolism). It is a…

Q: Write a balanced equation for the reaction catalyzed bynitrogenase.

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that help in catalyzing or speeding up biological reactions by…

Q: Phosphoenolpyruvate is a common substrate found in what two pathways?

A: Phosphoenolpyruvate is an important intermediate in biochemical pathways. Chemically it is an ester…

Q: Lactose (and also maltose) hydrolyzes upon prolonged heating and gives positive result with…

A: Seliwanoff's test is used to differentiate between ketohexose and aldohexose. Ketoheoxose-…

Q: If OAT takes ornithine and alpha-ketoglutarate as (a) substrates, draw the structures of the…

A: Aminotransferases are group of enzymes that catalyzes the transamination reaction between amino acid…

Q: Describe the alcohol dehydrogenases of humans and S. cerevisiae. How do they differ?

A: The alcohol dehydrogenase is an enzyme found in eukaryote prokaryote and lower eukaryote.

Q: write the biochemical roles of pyridoxine .

A: Pyridoxine is  also known as vitamin B6. It's active form is pyridoxal phosphate. It is mainly…

Q: Provide an explanation for why glucose-6-phopshate must be isomerized to fructose-6-phosphate in…

A: Chemical reactions that occur within the living body are collectively known as metabolism. The…

Q: What is unique about methanotrophy in Methylomirabilis oxyfera?

A: Methane and several other C1 organic compounds can be catabolized by both in the presence of oxygen…

Q: Propose a mechanism for the biosynthesis of a-terpineol from geranyl pyrophosphate

A: Alpha-terpineol is an alcohol. It is prevalent in natural oils like pine oil. Terpineol has four…

Q: Illustrate the various biochemical effects of Arsenic with mechanism

A: Arsenic is present in huge amount in the earth's crust. It often causes toxicity and disrupts many…

Q: We saw the oxidation/reduction of malate to/fro oxaloacetate in two pathways that we looked at:…

A: Malate synthesized by the carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate in the guard cells of plant…

Q: Write out a complete mechanism for the conversion of serine into aminoacrylate catalyzed by serine…

A: Serine dehydratase is also known as L-serine ammonia-lyase. It releases ammonia upon the examination…

Q: Explain the chemical mechanism yeast alcohol dehydrogenase undergoes?

A: Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase is the enzyme that reduces acetaldehyde to ethanol during the…

Q: Show the steps using in the Biosynthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate.

A: The Mevalonate pathway is the metabolic pathway that involves the biosynthesis of cholesterol…

Q: Describe each step of the metabolic pathway shown in the image below. Linoleic Acid Metabolism…

A: Arachidonic acid is a twenty-carbon chain long fatty acid with four unsaturations, while…

Q: Methyl amines are often demethylated by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Propose a mechanism for the…

A: Methylamines, like monomethylamine (MMA), Dimethylamine (DMA), and Trimethylamine (TMA) are the…

Q: Write balanced equations for the three known reactions that transfer anamino group to a substrate by…

A: IMP (Inosine monophosphate) synthesis (purine synthesis): -  the 7th step in this process include…

Q: Why CaCl2 is used in the plants?

A: Plants are the autotrophs and primary producers in the food chain. Plants leaves contain…

Q: Explain why rotenone inhibits oxidative phosphorylationwhen the substrate is pyruvate, but not when…

A: Site-specific inhibitors of electron transport have been identified. These compounds prevent the…

Q: What are some of the roles of poly-bhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)?

A: poly-bhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are linear polyesters produced in nature by bacteria as…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.