
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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#Differentiate between membrane potential & action potential. In which cells action potentials generate & why this cells have to generate action potentials. Please discuss in briefly. Word limit (600-700)
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- How to fill out each section of the table.arrow_forwardPlease asaparrow_forwardConsider the brain and spinal neurons. If you bathed a resting neuron with an excess of potassium ions (for example, more than 40 times higher than normal), what would be the effect on resting membrane potential?arrow_forward
- Separately, draw a table using arrows to depict the appropriate magnitude and direction of the forces and ion fluxes at different membrane potentials for a ligand-gated channel that is equally permeable to both ion X+ and ion Y+. The equilibrium potential for ion X+ is -60 mV, and the equilibrium potential for ion Y+ is -20 mV. Which item best represents the forces and fluxes for a membrane potential of +40 mV?arrow_forwardExplain the following; If a drug partly blocks a membrane’s potassium channels, how does it affect the action potential? Suppose the threshold of a neuron were the same as the neuron’s resting potential. What would happen? At what frequency would the cell produce action potentials?arrow_forwardthreshold resting membrane potential decrease calcium channels increase action potentials The autonomic nervous system influences the heart rate. A sympathetic signal (norepinephrine) results in opening. This accelerates the process of reaching thereby resulting in a in time between successive action potentials. A parasympathetic signal (acetylcholine) results in the dropping to -70mV. This results in an in time for cells to reach threshold, thereby increasing the time between successivearrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT a weakness of the Meyer Overton theory? does not predict how temperature effects will affect neuron function by membrane expansion cannot rationalize why straight-chain alcohols lose potency after increasing their alkyl chain length beyond a cutoff length. does not explain why enantiomers of anesthetics have differing properties does not predict efficacy based on lipid/gas partition coefficient does not explain why certain hydrophobic compounds do not induce unconsciousnessarrow_forwardState whether the channels listed would be open or closed at the corresponding numbered phases of the action potential graph. Phase on Graph Sodium Voltage Gated channels Potassium Voltage Gated channels 1 2 3 4arrow_forwardDetermine whether each description refers to local (graded) potentials, action potentials, or both. Strength decreases as the signal [ Choose ] spreads Voltage-gated ion channels are [ Choose ] involved Neurotransmitter binds to [ Choose ] chemically gated ion channels on the cell body or dendrites Begin at the axon hillock [ Choose ] The membrane potential is [ Choose ] changed EPSPS and IPSPS [ Choose ] They are always the same strength, and once started they cannot be stopped ( Choose ] Next P Type here to searcharrow_forward
- The membrane potential caused by differences in ions across the plasma membrane of an electrically excitable cell (when not stimulated) is called: action potential resting membrane potential graded potential local potentialarrow_forwardAction potentials are “all or none.” Discuss this statement with reference to specific types of channels (60%). Explain what determines the frequency of action potentials (40%).arrow_forwardFor the ion concentrations in Table 12.1, calculate the equilibriumpotentials for each ion species in squid axons and in mammalianmuscle fibers.arrow_forward
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