Discuss the differences between myogenic and neurogenic hearts and explain what the role of regulatory neurons is to control cardiac output. If possible, include in your answer examples from different organisms for each type of heart.

Q: Rank the movements of blood through the heart described below at left according to the magnitude…

A: The electrical impulses from the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) nodes, which make up the…

Q: Trace the biochemical electrical pathways that result in cardiac conduction

A: The collection of specialized cardiac myocytes located in the heart walls that send electrical…

Q: Briefly outline the design of the heart. Why is the heart often called “two pumps in one”?

A: The heart is a muscular organ that is divided into the left and right sides to prevent the mixing of…

Q: Consider the equation cardiac output (CO) = stroke volume (SV) X heart rate Which of the following…

A: Afterload is the pressure the heart must work against to eject blood during systole. When…

Q: Explain, using diagrams where appropriate, the sequence of events in a cardiac cycle

A: Introduction  The organ that pumps blood throughout our bodies is the heart, which is around the…

Q: What two values are needed in order to calculate cardiac output (CO) for a ventricle? a.…

A: Answer is c.)  stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR) .

Q: Unlike skeletal and smooth muscle tissue, cardiac muscle is “self-excitable”. Explain how this…

A: There are three major types of muscles. They are skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac…

Q: A chemical called EDTA, like citrate, binds to (or “chelates”) Ca2+. Suppose a person had EDTA…

A: Blood circulates under pressure through the vasculature. Following vascular injury, escaping blood…

Q: Explain your results using your knowledge of the cardiac cycle and of how the heart is regulated by…

A: ECG - it is graphical representation of activities of heart with help of chest leads that are placed…

Q: Which neurotransmitter/target receptor combinations would you expect to find in these areas of the…

A: Neurotransmitter and target receptor combinations in the areas of the heart are as follows: SA…

Q: Please discuss how digitoxin provides a positive inotropic effect and is used to treat congestive…

A: Digitoxin is  a cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of heart failure. Glycoside are…

Q: Leaky Na+ channels in the cells of the SA Node do which of the following?   a-allow a slow…

A: d-allow a slow depolarization that eventually reaches the threshold for voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.

Q: Compare and contrast pressure and volume changes of the left ?and right ventricles and the aorta…

A: Answer: Introduction: The heart is present in the thoracic (Thorax) cavity medially among the lungs…

Q: When carotid and aortic baroreceptors reduce their output, _______. Select all that apply. Group…

A: Baroreceptors are mechanoreceptors that identifies the fluctuations in the blood pressure. They are…

Q: Explain two reasons why the heart is referred to as a double pump.

A: The circulatory system consists of the heart, the blood vessels and the blood. The heart is the…

Q: a patients blood test showed high levels of myocardium-specific troponin, and her ECG showed ST…

A: ST elevation means that ST segment in ECG is abnormally high above the baseline. ST segment…

Q: Diagram electrical conduction of the heart and discuss each component (SA node, AV node, etc).

A: Dear student, we are authorized to answer one question at a time. since you have not mentioned which…

Q: Complete the sentence: ions initiate depolarization of cardiac muscle cells and ions are responsible…

A: Excitability is defined as the ability of the living tissue to give response to a stimulus. In all…

Q: Based on the results shown in Figure 3, was there a significant difference in mean change of heart…

A: Yes.Based on the the results shown on Figure 3,there is a significant difference in mean change of…

Q: Using the new cardiovascular drug Entresto, relate how the Cardiac action potential arriving at the…

A: Entresto is a brand-name prescription drug for treating specific forms of heart failure. Heart…

Q: Throughout the development of prosthetic heart valves, how might application of nanotechnology be…

A: Nano-technologists have gotten engaged with regenerative medicine through making of bio-materials…

Q: Explain differences between action potentials of cardiac muscle cells and those in nodal cells of…

A: On the surface of the heart, muscle fibers are arranged to form a fused interconnected mass termed a…

Q: the difference between the action potential of a cardiac contractile cell and an action potential in…

A: Cardiac action potentials in the heart differ considerably from action potentials found in neural…

Q: Write the word formula relating cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume. Give normal values…

A: Cardiac output (CO) is defined as  amount of blood pumped per minute by each ventricle. Number of…

Q: Which of the following occurs during diastole?   Question 25 options:   The semi-lunar valves are…

A: Heart consists of four chambers, two auricles and two ventricles. Blood is received by the auricles…

Q: Explain the origin and conduction of the excitation that leads to a heart contraction. Why is the…

A: Since, there are multiple questions. I have answered the first question only. If you need the…

Q: below. What can we learn from this experiment about the rhythmicity of our cardiac muscle? List…

A: Cardiac muscles are the specialised involuntary muscles observed around the heart and are…

Q: What is the role of Ca2+ in the shape and duration of an action potential. (Cardiac muscle cell)

A: The duration of an action potential for cardiac muscle cell is between 200-250 milliseconds. There…

Q: Define the term homeostasis. Define the term set point. Explain how a normal range of values for…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub- parts for…

Q: With endurance athletes, an increased stroke volume at rest will occur because of   Select 3…

A: Stroke volume is defined as the amount of blood that can be pumped out by heart per beat.

Q: In a cardiac contractile cell what is the mechanism involved in the change in membrane potential?…

A: The cardiac contractile cell undergoes various changes in order to perform several activities and…

Q: Repolarization of ventricular myocardiocytes is caused by ______ the cells through voltage-gated…

A: Repolarisation is caused by the movement of positively charged k+ ions out of the cell. it initially…

Q: Discuss in detail each portion of the Wiggers Diagram. Include in your answer all mention of…

A: Wiggers diagram is a graphical representation of the cardiac cycle and summarizes all the aspects of…

Q: The entry of calcium into a ventricular muscle cell helps to maintain depolarization of the membrane…

A: A well-working conduction system generates a depolarization wave, which causes the atria and…

Q: Below are drawings of three different action potentials. Two of these occur in the heart, and one…

A: An action potential is a term that denotes the change in the resting membrane potential upon stimuli…

Q: Detail action potential of myocardial conduction and contractile cells – see stages. Include all ion…

A: An action potential is characterized as a drastic shift of the resting membrane potential that is…

Q: Explain the concept of tetany in skeletal muscle. Can cardiac muscle be tetanized? Explain the…

A: Tetanus is a condition of  involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles with increased frequency of…

Q: Sympathetic stimulation increases the phosphorylation of the Ca2+ATPase in the sarcoplasmic…

A: Sympathetic stimulation is sympathetic nervous system stimulation which causes the increase in heart…

Q: If the cardiac cycle is .86 sec what is the heart rate? Explanation

A: Cardiac cycle is the interval between  beginning of one heartbeat to that of the next. It consists…

Q: Would a ventricular septal defect cause: Choose one. Pulmonary edema due to vasoconstriction…

A: Ventricular septal defect is a heart defect because of hole in the wall between the heat lower…

Q: Estimate the volume of a human heart (in mL) using the following measurements/assumptions: Blood…

A: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.…

Q: In the cardiovascular dynamics experiment (part 2), if the right beaker simulates the flow of blood…

A: The question suggests that the right beaker stimulates the flow of blood to the systemic circuit of…

Q: here are three major factors that affect stroke volume and therefore affect cardiac output:…

A: To comprehend the fundamentals of well known and define stroke that is cardiac stroke volume (SV),…

Q: Which of the following is/are true? More than one answer may be correct. Choose all that apply) as…

A: Animal physiology is the systematic study of the supporting features, roles, and processes of…

Q: Why is resting heart rate somewhat slower than the 80–100 bpm set by the SA node? The AV bundle…

A: Heart rate refers to the rate or the number of beats in one minute. Heart rate differs between…

Q: The cardiac cycle includes all the events associated with the flow of blood through the heart during…

A: The cardiac cycle is a series of electrical and mechanical occasions that get up during the levels…

Q: Which of the following are TRUE, when describing the Action Potential of a Non- Contractile Cardiac…

A: Introduction A transient shift in voltage (membrane potential) across the cell membrane of heart…

Q: The cardiac cycle includes all the events associated with the flow of blood through the heart during…

A: INTRODUCTION The cardiac cycle is the activity of the human heart from the start of one heartbeat to…