Discuss the involvement of T cells in organ transplantation and thedifferent ways that grafted tissues may be rejected.

Q: Differentiate between the three lines of defense, describingexamples of each.

A: Immunity is defined as the balanced state of all multicellular organisms that are characterized by…

Q: List the natural defenses present in the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.

A: The cardiovascular system is also known as the circulatory system. It is the circulatory system…

Q: Describe how T cells are activated during the development of a specific immune response. e.i. After…

A: Helper T-cells invigorate B-cells to develop antibodies and help executioner ( killer )cells create.…

Q: define what type II hypersensitivity is. What antibodies are involved? What is the immune system…

A: This is an antibody dependent process where specific antibody binds to antigen results in…

Q: Compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes of B and…

A: Immunity refers to the body's ability to guard against pathogenic microorganisms. It comprises a…

Q: Describe the two major ways in which monoclonal antibodies are used for immunotherapy

A: Immunotherapy means treating a disease by inducing the immune response of the individual.…

Q: Explain the difference between a T-cell-dependent and a T-cellindependentresponse.

A: The body recognizes any foreign substances known as an antigen that causes disease and eliminates…

Q: Describe the process of desensitization that reduces the IgE response to an allergen.

A: The term "desensitization" refers to an immunological procedure that involves producing specific…

Q: Discuss the involvement of T cells in organ transplantation and the diff erent ways that grafted…

A: Immunology is an important branch of biology which include the study of immunity of different…

Q: Discuss the definition, classification and variety of tumour-derived antigens

A: The cell division process in humans significantly regulates cell differentiation and proliferation.…

Q: For the process of inflammation, account for the following: (a) the role of cohesive molecules in…

A: Inflammation is a cycle by which your body's white platelets and the things they make to shield you…

Q: Discuss the potential side effect of the drugs cyclosporineand tacrolimus, which function by…

A: Cyclosporine is a particular drug that is used to prevent organ rejection, during organ like kidney,…

Q: Explain what factors of the immune system contribute to transplant rejection.

A: The process of movement of organs, tissues, or cells, from the donor to recipient or from one region…

Q: Barriers to using pig organs in human transplantation are _____. (Select all that apply.) a. the…

A: Graft rejection is one of the major problems in xenotransplantation. It is important to understand…

Q: Explain the effects of azathioprine, corticosteroids and cyclosporine A and their combined effects.…

A: . From these reports, it appears that in severe acute ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease…

Q: What is the role of complement proteins and anti-microbial substances in the line of defense?…

A: Multicellular organisms' ability to fight dangerous germs is referred to as immunity. Both specific…

Q: lin antibodi

A: Anti-immunoglobulin antibodies or IgG antibodies are the antibodies responsible for producing…

Q: Describe two common complications associatedwith AIDS.

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the infectious microorganism that causes acquired…

Q: explain these as an Immunotherapeutic approach for cancer therapy, 1. MONOLOCAL ANTIBODIES, 2.…

A: Note: As per Guidelines solving only first three question. Repost all other,…

Q: a.    While surface properties influence the interaction with the surrounding tissue, thus the…

A: Introduction Controlling cell–material interactions, which will decide the effectiveness of tissue…

Q: During resistance exercise, three factors support muscle hypertrophy they include the following with…

A: Resistance exercises involve training to improve muscle strength by making muscles work against an…

Q: Describe the reasons of extensive usage of corticosteroids in the treatment of autoimmune diseases…

A: Corticosteroids are the anti inflammatory drugs which lowers the inflammation in the body.…

Q: Briefly describe how activated cytotoxic T cells can kill virus-infected cells

A: Cytotoxic T cells  Commonly called CTLs are generated by the activation of T cells of WBC. The…

Q: Describe the characteristics of subsets of T-cell types in the classic T-cell response.

A: Introduction  Our immune system plays key role in defence against harmful foreign particles be it…

Q: Differentiate between humoral and cell-mediated adaptive immunities. Describe how both immunities…

A: In the immune system, there are two types of immunity which are present. One is innate immunity,…

Q: Explain why haematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be a curative treatment for some…

A: HSC are the cells which are found in the bone marrow and are able to produce cells such as rbc,wbc…

Q: Different MHC I molecules between donor and recipient cells can lead to rejection of a transplanted…

A: MHC class I molecules are expressed on the cell surface of all nucleated cells and present peptide…

Q: Describe the mechanisms by which circulating phagocytic cellsare recruited to a site of infection.

A: Phagocytosis is a process by which the cell engulfs the antigen by using its plasma membrane.

Q: Describe the potential problems that would arise if a personhad an acquired inability to phagocytose…

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of the organism to resist against infections or diseases by…

Q: A patient recently underwent a transplant and first shows success. About two months after the…

A: Transplant rejection is a process in which a transplant recipient's immune system attacks the…

Q: Discuss the role of immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplantation and in the treatment of…

A: A medical procedure that includes the removal of the organ from one body and the placement of that…

Q: write down the pathogenesis of chronic transplant rejection.

A: There are three types of transplant rejection: hyperacute, acute, and chronic. Chronic rejection…

Q: Describe the significance and need for receptor editing as a part of elimination of self-reactive B…

A: Autoimmune resistance prevents cells from causing potentially damaging reactions to host tissues.…

Q: Describe an epitope recognized by an antibody, and compare itto an epitope recognized by a TCR.

A: Given: Describe an epitope recognized by an antibody, and compare it to an epitope recognized by a…

Q: Can I get clarification on the cells that take part in the immune system (ex. neutrophils,…

A: The immune system is a broad, complex network consisting of various cells and organs. This system…

Q: Discuss how superantigens are different from other antigens andhow they contribute to pathology.

A: Superantigens (SAgs) are a class of antigens that result in excessive activation of the immune…

Q: Give ONE example of how a defect in a T Reg cell could lead to an immunological disorder or disease.

A: T-lymphocytes or the T-cells play a crucial role in fighting against the foreign particles. T-cell…

Q: For allograft transplantation: (a) How do doctors avoid hyperacute rejection?

A: Transplant rejection is the point at which the organ beneficiary's immune framework recognises the…

Q: Describe the immune response involved in blood type incompatibility, Rh incompatibility, and tissue…

A: Incompatibility of blood types: When people including one blood type obtain blood from someone with…

Q: Explain why the passive transfer of T-cell immunities would behighly unlikely.

A: Passive immunity is the exchange of active humoral immunity of instant antibodies. Passive…

Q: What is the role of complement proteins and anti-microbial substances in the line of defense?…

A: Introduction The complement system, also known as the complement cascade, is an immune system…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.