Distinguish pneumothorax from atelectasis. Which of the two comes first? Describe the cause of these problems in terms of atmospheric and intrapleural pressure and lung elasticity.

What does “restrictive lung disorder” mean? What does “obstructive lung disorder” mean? Which type of respiratory disease would be associated with a lower-than-normal vital capacity? Why? Which type of respiratory disease would be associated with a lower-than-normal FEV1? Why?

How does idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis change the structure of the lungs, and how will this affect gas exchange?

Describe the differences between internal respiration and external respiration. explain how the parietal pressures influence the direction of gas exchange for both carbon dioxide and oxygen, using labeled diagrams of each to help in your description. make sure you include the structures involved (alveoli, capillaries, etc.) and the factors that affect gas exchange such as surface area, lung surfactant, etc. include a description of how emphysema affects this process.

A 60-year-old man has been experiencing chronic respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. Pulmonary function tests show decreased lung compliance. Histological examination of lung tissue reveals thickened alveolar walls and an excess deposition of collagen fibers. Which disease is most likely causing these findings?  a) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis  b) Asthma  c) Emphysema  d) Tuberculosis