Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) and Aldosterone both target kidney cells and increase water retention (keeping water in the blood, letting less go out with urine). ADH causes water retention directly- kidney cells let more water move from the urine back into the blood (the cells are a barrier between those two spaces). Aldosterone enhances water retention by causing more sodium to be retained, creating a stronger osmotic gradient. However, aldosterone also causes a loss of potassium to the urine for every sodium that is kept in the blood. a. Are these hormones both water-soluble or fat-soluble, or is there one of each?
Answer a,
Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) and Aldosterone both target kidney cells and increase water retention (keeping water in the blood, letting less go out with urine).
ADH causes water retention directly- kidney cells let more water move from the urine back into the blood (the cells are a barrier between those two spaces).
Aldosterone enhances water retention by causing more sodium to be retained, creating a stronger osmotic gradient. However, aldosterone also causes a loss of potassium to the urine for every sodium that is kept in the blood.
a. Are these hormones both water-soluble or fat-soluble, or is there one of each?
b. What chemical class does each belong to?
c. Draw a picture hypothesizing how each might cause its target cells to have their effects. Don't look it up! You have all the information you need from the notes and explanation in this question to come up with a reasonable, logical hypothesis.
d. If somebody has hyper-aldosteronism (secrete too much aldosterone, causing disease states), how will that affect their blood levels of sodium and potassium?
e. If somebody has hyper-ADH, how will that affect their urine output and blood volume?
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