explain how hormones and other messengers can be effective at extremely low extracellular concentrations?

Q: List the general characteristics of Hormones?

A: Endocrine glands are also known as ductless glands and pour their secretions directly into the…

Q: Explain how the endocrine system and nervous systemcommunicate with one another.

A: The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system that comprises glands that release their…

Q: The reduction of cell-surface receptors in response to stimulation by a specific hormone molecule is…

A: Hormones are proteins that act as chemical messengers which were produced in one part of the body by…

Q: Explain why second messengers are needed for peptidehormones.

A: Hormones are the regulatory substances that act like messenger molecules in the human body. These…

Q: Explain how a second messenger works. Why use a secondmessenger rather than simply relying on the…

A: Second messengers are intracellular signalling particles delivered by the cell because of exposure…

Q: Generally, a cell that is affected by a particular steroid hormone would be expected to have…

A: A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone.

Q: Explain how the hormone-receptor complex can alter theG proteins on the inner surface of the plasma…

A: Cellular signaling is the process, during which the cell respond to the extracellular environment…

Q: How is hormone binding to its receptor different from allosteric regulator binding to an enzyme?

A: Chains of amino acids make up protein hormones.  Growth hormone, which is generated by the pituitary…

Q: Explain Summary of Some Important Hormones?

A: Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands. Hormones are chemicals secreted by endocrine gland and…

Q: Explain how the cellular response to a particular hormone canvary among different cell types.

A: The signing molecule bind with the particular type of the receptors which tor the resut into…

Q: List the factors that can infl uence the blood concentration of a hormone.

A: In the higher organisms, there are signaling molecules. They are called hormones. Their transport is…

Q: Describe how lipid-soluble hormones reach their target cell receptors and the type of cellular…

A: BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT HORMONES  Hormones are basically a type of chemical messenger. They helps to…

Q: What happens when a hormone binds to cell surface receptors?

A: Step 1 Hormones are chemicals produced by endocrine cells which are transported by the circulatory…

Q: Describe the mechanisms by which hormones act on cells.

A: Hormones are the messenger secreted by endocrine glands.

Q: Define Hormone.

A: Body needs to coordinate between different parts of it to function properly. This coordination…

Q: Explain why mutations that alter hormone receptors can influencethe response to a hormone.

A: The endocrine system is the chemical signaling system that uses blood vessels as information…

Q: Why do steroid hormones not require signal transduction and second messengers to exert their…

A: Steroid hormones:- It is a group of hormones , belong to the class of chemical compounds known as…

Q: Explain how steroid hormones affect the function of a target cell.

A: Introduction :- Steroid hormones are Cholesterol derived fat soluble hormones. These hormones are…

Q: Peptide hormones interact with what structures on the surface of a cell?

A: The non-nutrient chemical messengers released by the ductless glands are the hormones. The endocrine…

Q: Explain how the response of the body to a given hormone can be affected by the concentration of that…

A: The secretion of the endocrine glands known as a hormone. Hormones are chemical messages which carry…

Q: Explain why second messenger systems are needed for peptide hormones.

A: Hormones are compound messengers that are discharged straightforwardly into the blood, which conveys…

Q: What is the difference between hormone binding to its receptor and allosteric regulator binding to…

A: Enzymes are proteins with different site sites (i) active binding site (ii)allosteric binding site…

Q: indicate endocrine signalings function, the type of cell in which it is made and the specific manner…

A: Endocrine system has ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones that…

Q: Hormones can be assigned to what three general classesbased on the molecules they are derived from?

A: A hormone is any member of a class of signalling molecules in multicellular organisms that are…

Q: Explain how second messenger molecules work. Why use a second messenger rather than simply relying…

A: Second messengers are tiny molecules or ions, which relay signals received by cell-surface receptors…

Q: Describe a hormone.

A: Hormone: the biochemical substances synthesized and secreted by endocrine glans or specialized…

Q: Define Hormones and Homeostasis ? Explain the difference between both ?

A: Cells are the smallest functional and structural unit of all organisms. All cells have a cell…

Q: How is hormone binding to its receptor more like an allosteric regulator binding to an enzyme than a…

A: All hormone receptor they carry an allosteric switch.

Q: How hormones can be grouped on the basis of their chemical composition?  (Explain)

A:

Q: Part of the "fountain of youth" solution may lie in hormonal control. Explain which hormone and how…

A: Growth hormone is a hormone produced by Pituitary Gland  in the brain.it stimulates growth and…

Q: Differentiate between hormone and enzyme.

A: Hormones are the chemicals that are produced by glands. They can be made up of proteins, amino…

Q: Explain why only certain cells respond to hormones even though all cells in the body are exposed to…

A: Hormones activate target cells by diffusing through the plasma membrane of the target cells…

Q: Discuss the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen and how the processes are regulated in response to…

A: Glycogen is a homopolysachharide present in animals. Repeating unit of glucose molecules is present…

Q: Describe how a hormone can bind to a membrane-boundreceptor, directly change enzyme activity inside…

A: There are hormones that are lipid-soluble can directly cross the plasma membrane but there are few…

Q: Define: endocrine, paracrine, juxtacrine and autocrine cell signals:

A: The cell signaling may be to the nearby cell or to the cells present at large distance. On the basis…

Q: Explain what is meant by the half-life of a hormone.

A: The organ system accountable for the secretion and production of hormones is the endocrine system.…

Q: What structures on the surface of a cell do peptide hormones interact with?

A: Hormones are non-nutrient chemical messengers secreted by ductless glands.  The term "endocrine…

Q: Describe the two primary factors that affect the concentration level of a circulating hormone.

A: Hormones in simple terms are chemical messengers secreted by specialized glands and regulate the…

Q: Two ways where hormones can bind to receptors on the surface of the cell. Explain each briefly.

A: There are 3 major types of hormones are found: Protein or peptide hormones: They are made up of…

Q: Explain how the same hormone can have different effects on two different target cells and no effect…

A: The endocrine system in the body plays a very important role in the control and coordination of…

Q: How does hormone binding to its receptor differ from substrate binding to an enzyme?

A: Hormones are a biological process that operates as a chemical messenger, producing in one region of…

Q: Explain the homeostasis of hormones.

A: Homeostasis is the maintenance of the constant internal environment of the body such as regulation…

Q: Why is it necessary or advantageous for the body to make inactive hormone precursors?

A: Hormones are chemical messengers (or signal molecules). According to the classical definition,…

Q: Define the following terms: a. steady state b. target cells c. endocrine d. paracrine e. autocrine

A: The endocrine system is a chemical messenger which acts as a complex network of glands, where…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.